查询词典 stem

To solve this problem, the best way is to turn valve stem with the brigade, namely, the class trip valve angle, and its stem stroke than the straight stem crude 2 ~ 3 times, and the selection of long-lived graphite packing, valve stem stiffness Well, filling long life, but its friction torque is small, a small hysteresis.

解决这个问题，最好的办法就是用旅转阀阀杆，即角行程类的调节阀，它的阀杆比直行程阀杆粗2～3倍，且选用寿命长的石墨填料，阀杆刚度好，填料寿命长，其摩擦力矩反而小、回差小。

Solve this problem, the best way is to turn valve stem with a tour, or rotary type control valve, and its thick stem stroke than a straight stem 2 to 3 times, and use long life of the graphite packing, valve stem stiffness Good, filling long life, but a small friction torque, hysteresis small.

解决这个问题，最好的办法就是用旅转阀阀杆，即角行程类的调节阀，它的阀杆比直行程阀杆粗2～3倍，且选用寿命长的石墨填料，阀杆刚度好，填料寿命长，其摩擦力矩反而小、回差小。

The results showed that:Under NaCl stress,the reductions in the shoot and root dry weight, leaf area,stem diameter of grafted plant were lower than those of ungrafted plants.The Na~+ content,Na~+/K~+ ratio,Na~+/Ca~(2+) ratio in the leaf and scion stem of grafted plants were lower whereas those of in the rootstock stem ad root were higher than in ungrafted plants. The K~+ contents,soluble sugar contents,shoot water contents,SOD,POD,CAT,APX activity,the stability of AsA/DHA,Photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate and stomatal conductance were higher,whereas the MDA contents in the leaf of grafted plants were lower than that in ungrafted plants.The reductions in leaf area and stem diameter of grafted \'Jinchun No.2\' plants were more severe than those of grafted \'Zaoduojia\' ones.

结果表明，盐胁迫下，嫁接苗地上部和根干重、叶面积、茎粗降低的程度显著低于自根苗；嫁接苗叶片和接穗茎中Na~+含量和Na~+/K~+、Na~+/Ca~(2+)比值显著低于自根苗，而砧木茎和根中的Na~+含量和Na~+/K~+、Na~+/Ca~(2+)比值显著高于自根苗；嫁接苗叶片中K~+含量、可溶性糖含量、地上部含水量、SOD、POD、CAT、APX活性、AsA/DHA的稳定性、光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度显著高于自根苗，MDA含量显著低于自根苗。

For assisting identification of crude drug Herba Dendrobii. Methods Morphological and histological studies were carried out on 11 medicinal plant roots in Dendrobium Sw. by microstructural observation. The 11 species were divided into three groups according to their stem morphology: a pair fleshy-stem group, including D. chrysanthum, D. crepidatum, D. primulinum, D. hercoglossum, and D. crystallium; b thick-and rigid-stem group, including D. fimbriatum and D. aurantiacum var. denneanum; c node-or inter- node- bulgy-stem group, including D. findlayanum, D. gratiosissimum, D. pendulum, and D. wardianum. The surface descriptions of velamen were conducted for D. fimbriatum and D. aurantiacum var. denneanum which are similar in characters of cross section.

方法利用形态组织学方法，对茎多肉质的束花石斛Dendrobium chrysanthum及其易混的玫瑰石斛D.crepidatum、报春石斛D.primulinum、重唇石斛D.hercoglossum、晶帽石斛D.crystallium；茎粗硬的流苏石斛D.fimbriatum及其易混的叠鞘石斛D.aurantiacumvar.denneanum；茎节或节间肿胀的棒节石斛D.findlayanum、杯鞘石斛D.gratiosissimum、肿节石斛D.pendulum和大苞鞘石斛D.wardianum共11种药用石斛根进行显微结构研究；对根横切面结构相似的流苏石斛和叠鞘石斛，配合进行了根被表面制片观察。

Distributed of Dactylopius eonfususquantity on different spot of cactus and to cactus stem piece selective researchThrough the stochastic selection parasitism has on Dactylopius confusus\'s cactus adult plant investigation in the greenhouse,finally indicated:The grain most likes parasiting on two level of stem pieces,next is the level stem piece,on three level of stem pieces parasites quantity are least.

胭脂虫在仙人掌植株上的分布及对仙人掌茎片的选择性研究通过在温室中随机选取寄生有胭脂虫的仙人掌植株上的胭脂虫调查，结果表明：胭脂虫最喜欢寄生在二级茎片上，其次是一级茎片，三级茎片上寄生的胭脂虫数量最少。

The bodies have much greater potential to regulate spermatogonial stem cell proliferation and differentiation. The dosage of GFRα1 mRNA produced by undifferential spermatogonial cells regulates the signal transduction of glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor so as to regulates the direction of spermato gonial stem cells: at a low level, spermatogonoial stem cell favors differentiation; at a high level, spermatogonial stem cell favors self-proliferation.

GFRαl在小鼠生精恢复过程中以剂量相关性调控著胶质细胞源性神经营养因数资讯传人，从而调控著精原干细胞的去向：高剂量时诱导其增殖，低剂量时诱导其分化。

In this study, the ovarial cancer stem cells were successfully obtained through the suspension culture of the ovarian cancer 0VCAR3 cell line in serum-free media. The stem cells formed spherical colonies, called "ovarispheres", and showed anchorage-independent ability. Furthermore, the bionomics and morphology of the stem cells were observed, and the expression difference of the tumor stem cells marker-ABCG2 between ovarispheres and anchorage-dependent cells was identified by using RT-PCR and Immunocytochemistry methods.

本研究通过无血清悬浮培养人卵巢癌细胞系OVCAR3，获得具有非锚着依赖能力的肿瘤干细胞球，观察其生物学特性及形态学的变化，并采用半定量逆转录—聚合酶链反应及细胞免疫化学的方法鉴定肿瘤干细胞标志ABCG2在贴壁细胞及肿瘤干细胞球中的表达差异。

BACKGROUND: At present, studies show that a kind of stem cell community which in many kinds of organizations can differentiate into tissue cells of different embryonic layers; but those are different from embryonic stem cells, embryonic stem cell will lose the part differentiation potential gradually during the development of pregnancy, and will present some special phenotypes or the molecular markers, as CD105 and so on, will call it postembryonic pluripotent stem cells.

背景：目前研究认为在胚胎发育后的多种组织中存在一类干细胞群体，可分化为不同胚层的组织细胞；但又不同于胚胎干细胞，随着妊娠期间胚胎的发育胚胎干细胞会逐渐失去部分分化潜能，会出现一些特殊表型或分子标记，如CD105，称其为胚胎后亚全能干细胞。

We suppose that there is a presently undefined subfraction of stem cell population that exists in a number of tissues beyond embryonic development. We term them postembryonic pluripotent stem cells. They differ from embryonic stem cells in that they gradually lose some differentiation potentials during development and adopt some special phenotypes once within a certain tissue. They can give rise to different kinds of stem cells; therefore, help to maintain balance during development and metabolism. They provide cells not only for the damaged tissues they reside, but also for damaged tissues different from them by migration triggered by proinflammatory cytokines or growth factors.

我们认为在胚胎发育后的多种组织中都存在一类原始干细胞群体，它们和造血干细胞、神经干细胞等多能干细胞不同，后者只能分化为特定胚层的细胞，而这类原始干细胞可分化为不同胚层的组织细胞；另一方面，它们区别于胚胎干细胞，在妊娠期间会逐渐失去部分分化潜能，并且会出现一些特殊表型或者分子标志，我们称其为胚胎后亚全能干细胞，这类干细胞具有下列特性：可分化为不同胚层的细胞，分布于身体的所有组织和器官，具有相同的表型或标志；他们在胚胎期存在于一些或全部的组织和器官中，可分化为不同类型的多能干细胞并在生长发育和新陈代谢中维持这些多能干细胞保持平衡；可以参与机体自我修复和更新，不仅能分化为所在器官的组织特异性细胞，参与器官重塑，也可以在炎症因子或者生长因子的趋化作用下，远处转移修复受损组织。

In vitro culture of spermatogonial stem cells is a basic technology of biology ,which can promote the biology investigation of spermatogonial stem cells . So spermatogonial stem cells in vitro culture has become one of the hot fields in the Biology of the Stem Cell in recent years .

精原干细胞（Spermatogonial Stem Cells ， SSCs）的体外培养是开展研究精原干细胞生物学的一项最基本的生物技术，近年来成为干细胞生物学研究的热点领域之一。

Chinese traditional virtue is humility and wariness,the compliment and praise to the others should be declination

中国人的传统美德是谦虚谨慎，对别人的恭维和夸奖应是推辞。如

We bought this house on the never-never.

我们以分期付款的方式买下这座房子。