查询词典 response surface

China's "Highway Engineering Technical Standards" will be divided into high-level road according to technical quality, sub-senior, middle and low-level four kinds, all kinds of road surface types are as follows: Senior Pavement - asphalt concrete pavement, cement concrete pavement, plant mix asphalt crushed stone pavement, stone pavement of rocks or neat; second high-level road surface - asphalt penetration-style pieces, gravel road, asphalt road debris, gravel road, asphalt road surface, Treatment, semi-neat stone pavement; middle road - broken, gravel (size distribution, or clay-bound) road surface, irregular stone pavement, other granular surface; low road - aggregates stabilized soil surface, and other local materials, reinforcement or improvement of soil surface.

中国《公路工程技术标准》将路面按技术品质分为高级、次高级、中级和低级四种，各种路面的面层类型如下：高级路面——沥青混凝土路面，水泥混凝土路面，厂拌沥青碎石路面，整齐石块或条石路面；次高级路面——沥青贯入式碎、砾石路面，路拌沥青碎、砾石路面，沥青表面处治路面，半整齐石块路面；中级路面——碎、砾石路面，不整齐石块路面，其他粒料路面；低级路面——粒料加固土路面，其他当地材料加固或改善土路面。

Investigate the assisting of the relation and soil and groundwater monitoring data among the surface feature and image established the relation of the spectrum characteristic with surface feature ,using two kinds of classification and improved post-classification, methods lies two respects: 1Salt steep spectrum luminance value curve of ground higher than surface feature average luminance value curve obviously, and other surface feature luminance value lower than or have around average luminance value curve little wave water body mean the land water areas among them obviously, including the river and surface of water , surface of water of the reservoir and hole pool surface of water By view trend of the

从计算结果得出，盐渍地上的NDVI 值分布在一定范围内，这样就可以取一定的阀值，将反射率较低的盐渍地提取出来。根据盐渍地分布与地下水的相互关系，对分类后的图像进行处理，提高了精度。2 充分利用遥感与GIS 技术在地学分析中的优势，计算各类盐渍地面积、荒漠、水体面积变化，分析近三十年来研究区土地盐渍化动态变化的规律，包括面积变化、盐渍化程度的变化，分析大范围时间尺度上土地盐渍化动态发展的整体趋势。

On the geometric modeling, flat surface and curved surface are used to mesh and describe the model;on the electromagnetic modeling. Different basis functions( flat surface roof-top basis function, flat surface RWG basis function, curved surface roof-top basis function, curved surface RWG basis function) and different test functions (line-matching, Galerkin method) are applied to different cells(plat rectangle facet, triangular patch, Bezier patch, parametric surface, curved triangular patch etc.).

在几何建模方面，分别采用平面元和曲面元对模型进行了剖分和拟合；在电磁建模方面，针对不同的单元(平面元、平面三角元，、Bezier元、参数曲面、曲面三角元等)采用不同的基函数(平面roof-top基，平面RWG基，曲面roof-top基，曲面RWG基)和不同的检验函数进行处理。

The characteristic function of the probability density function of response variable is obtained by the high efficient multidimensional numerical integration method or convolution integral based on response surface method. Then the discrete probability density function of response variable is calculated using the fast Fourier inverse transform technique, at last the cumulative distribution function of the response variable can be quantitatively determined.

首先利用高效多维数值积分方法或基于响应面法的卷积积分求解功能函数的分布函数的特征函数，也就是进行Fourier正变换；然后利用快速Fourier逆变换数值求解功能函数的概率密度函数，进而求得失效概率。

The main factors affecting the soil-structure interface behaviors were found experimentally and theoretically, including: 1 the thickness of the interface that is five to six times the average grain size of the soil; 2 the aeolotropy of interface, which is responsible for anisotropic response of the stress-strain response of the interface; 3 two physical states, including crashing and compression of the soil near the structure surface, which govern the stress-strain response of the interface strongly; 4 two shear deformation components due to sliding and constraint of the structure surface relative to the soil respectively, which forms the deformation of the interface; 5 the volumetric strain due to dilatancy, which is found to be composed of a reversible dilatancy component and an irreversible dilatancy component. 4. A unified constitutive model of the interface, based on new elasto-plasticity damage theory, was developed. It was confirmed to be effective for the conditions considering monotonic and cyclic shearing, coupling effect of shear and volumetric strains, evolution of physical state, micro-structure aeolotropy of the soil and the resulting aeolotropy of the interface as well as the three normal boundary conditions stated above. 5. 2D and 3D finite element formulations of the present model were derived and incorporated into the FEM codes. They were applied to the evaluation of practical engineering problems with different typical interfaces between soil and structure. The new model was shown to be reasonable and effective.

确定了粗粒土与结构接触面厚度约为5～6倍的平均粒径，首次揭示了接触面的细观结构异向性以及由此所引起的宏观剪切异向性，发现了在单调和往返剪切荷载作用下土颗粒破碎和剪切压密两种物态变化机制共同支配着接触面力学性质的变化，通过细观分析证实了接触面的变形可分解为一般同时发生的土与结构交界面上的滑移变形以及结构面位移约束范围之内土体本身的剪切变形两部分，观测到接触面受剪时表现出明显的相对法向位移，并可分解为可逆性和不可逆性两个分量；(4)建立了第一个能够统一地描述单调与往返剪切特性、剪应变与体应变耦合特性、细观结构和宏观剪切异向性以及土颗粒破碎等物态变化特性的土与结构接触面弹塑性损伤本构数学模型，并采用多种法向边界条件复杂加载路径的试验成果验证了新模型的合理性和有效性；(5)提出了新模型的二、三维有限元格式并结合实际边值问题进行了应用计算分析，比较了不同接触面本构模型对计算结果的影响，证实了新模型及其有限元格式不仅能够合理地描述土与结构接触面的主要力学特性，还能够较好地反映土体与结构物在接触面处的滑移、脱开等不连续现象。

On the basis of the previous results and according to the central composite experimental design principles,the method of response surface method with 3 factors and 3 levels was adopted.then the factors influencing the technological parameters were determined by means of regression analysis.response surface and contour were finally graphed with the extraction rate as the response value.resultsthe optimum conditions of lycium barbarum polysaccharides extraction were as follows:the ratio of material to solvent of 1∶32,extraction temperature of 84℃ and extraction time of 2.3 h,one time extraction.conclusionthe yield of lycium barbarum polysaccharides is 11.10% under the optimum conditions.

方法在单因素实验基础上选取实验因素与水平，根据中心组合（box-benhnken）实验设计原理采用3因素水平的响应面分析法，依据回归分析确定各工艺条件的影响因子，以多糖提取率为响应值作响应面和等高线。结果在分析各个因素的显著性和交互作用后，得出枸杞多糖水浸提的最佳工艺条件为：料液比1∶32；浸提温度84℃；浸提时间2.3h；浸提1次。结论在最佳工艺条件下，枸杞多糖的实际提取率可达11.10%。

Notch and groove were produced on fiber's surface by plasma's pHysical bump and corrasion, meanwhile oxygenic or nitrogenic radicals were also grafted on the surface. Through hydrolyzation, acetate fiber's surface will be denuded by cellulase enzyme. Surface of the fiber will be granulated and specific surface area will be enlarged by plasma and enzyme treatment, therefore obviously improve fiber's surface performance.

等离子体对纤维的物理撞击和表面刻蚀使纤维表面产生凹坑和沟槽，同时可在纤维材料表面引入含氧或含氮基团；而纤维素酶对纤维素的水解作用，促使纤维表面被剥蚀；等离子体与生物酶处理都能使纤维表面粗糙化，比表面积增加，使纤维的表面性能得到明显改善。

Remove row and column' and 'put a big number' have been used for the first boundary;a continuous Regional Identification Function is used on the basis of non-variant nodal virtual flux method for the free surface boundary;Gauss formula is used to make the curved surface integral of the free surface boundary transformed as the difference between volumn integral and other curved surface integral to calculate the integral item on boundaries, which avoiding finding the position of free surface, while the continuous Regional Identification Function is applied to calculate volumn integral and surface integral;Crout and PCG method is used for solusion.

对于已知水头边界，采用"去行去列法"和"置大数法"进行处理；对于自由面穿过的单元，在固定网格节点虚流量法的基础上，引入连续的区域识别函数；对于非稳定渗流中自由面边界积分项，采用高斯公式将求自由面的面积分转化为求体积分与其他面积分之差，避免了求自由面的具体位置，同时在计算体积分和面积分时采用连续的区域识别函数；在解法上，采用直接解法和PCG法。

In this paper, an iterative approach to potential field continuation from curved surface to plane is proposed. The continuation of potential field data from a curved surface to a plane can be viewed as an inverse problem of upward continuation of plane potential field data, getting a linear integral equation. Through viewing the potential field data on the curved surface as the data on the average elevation plane of the curved surface, then using the wavenumber domain generalized inverse algorithm to downward continue the data from the average elevation plane to a given plane, and a topography correction based on the change of curved surface relative to its average elevation is implemented to the downward continued data on the given plane, finally the downward continued data plane is upward continued to the curved surface.

本文提出一种位场数据曲化平的迭代方法，即通过把位场数据曲化平视为平面位场数据向上延拓的反问题，得到曲化平的线性积分方程，再把曲面上位场数据视为曲面平均高程面上的位场数据，利用向下延拓的波数域广义逆算法把平均高程面上的位场数据向下延拓到设定平面上，再根据曲面和其平均高程面的相对起伏对设定平面上的向下延拓数据进行起伏校正，最后再把所得平面上的位场数据向上延拓得到曲面上的位场数据，并进行迭代。

As a whole,the notable characteristic of primary productivity in size-fractioned structure was that nanoplankton occupied comparatively significant advantage in Beibu Gulf.Nanoplankton has the largest contribution to gross primary productivity,and picoplankton was the secondary contributor,while microplankton the least.The contribution of microplankton for primary productivity in the north Gulf was more than that in the other waters.Nanoplankton and picoplankton contribute more to the gross primary productivity in offshore deep waters than in inshore shallow waters3.The Beibu Gulf can be divided into three ecoregions:Region-Ⅰis the ecoregion in inshore shallow waters of the north Gulf.In average,the water depth is 18m,DIN is 1.88μmol/L,DIP is 0.20μmol/L,N:P is 9.4:1,dissolved silicate is 5.17μmol/L,the Chl a conentration in surface layer is 2.27mg·m~(-3),the assimilation index in surface layer is 3.80mg/,the primary productivity is 198.78mgC/(m~2·d), and potential fishery production is estimated to be 0.24gC/(m~2·a) according to the primary productivity.The ecoregion is mainly affected by the northern coastal water systems,and may be fit for aquaculture;Region-Ⅱis the ecoregion in offshore deep waters of the north Gulf and the coastal shallow waters to the west Hainan Island.In average,the water depth is 35m,DIN is 2.01μmol/L,DIP is 0.18μmol/L,N:P is 11.2:1,disovled silicate is 4.23μmol/L,the chlorophyll a of surface layer concentration is 1.45mg·m~(-3),the assimilation index of surface layer is 4.12 mg/,the primary productivity is 276.60mgC/(m~2·d),and the estimated potential fishery production is 0.34gC/(m~2·a) according to the primary productivity. The ecoregion was mainly influenced by ocean current from the South China Sea, rivers in the west coast of Hainan Island and the water from Qiongzhou Strait.It may be fit for aquaculture and fishery;Region-Ⅲis the ecoregion in offshore deep waters of the mid and south Gulf.In average,the water depth is 75m,DIN is 0.77μmol/L, DIP is 0.15μmol/L,N:P is 5.1:1,disovled silicate is 3.05μmol/L,the chlorophyll a of surface layer concentration is 0.70mg·m~(-3),the assimilation index of surface layer averaged is 3.69mg/,the primary productivity is 350.89mgC/(m~2·d),and the estimated potential fishery production is 0.43gC/(m~2·a) according to the primary productivity.The ecoregion was mainly affected by the circulation inside Beibu Gulf, and may be fit for fishery.

初级生产力的粒级结构的一个显著特点是总体上微型浮游生物在全调查海区均占较明显优势，对总初级生产力的平均贡献最大；微微型浮游生物对初级生产力的平均贡献次之；小型浮游生物对总初级生产力的平均贡献最小；湾北部小型浮游生物对初级生产力的平均贡献高于湾中部和湾南部，而湾中部和湾南部微型和微微型浮游生物对初级生产力的平均贡献高于湾北部，远岸深水区高于近岸浅水区。3、北部湾可以分为三个生态区：湾北部近岸浅水区，该区的环境主要特点是平均水深19m，DIN浓度平均值为1.88μmol/L，DIP浓度平均值为0.20μmol/L，N：P为9.4：1，硅酸盐浓度平均值为5.17μmol/L，表层叶绿素a平均值高达2.27 mg·m~(-3)，表层同化指数平均为3.80 mg/，初级生产力平均值198.78mgC/(m~2·d)，根据初级生产力计算潜在渔业资源碳生产量平均为0.24 gC/(m~2·a)，该区主要受湾北部沿岸水系影响，适合作为水产养殖区；湾北部深水区和海南岛西部沿岸浅水区，该区的环境主要特点是平均水深35m，DIN浓度平均值为2.01μmol/L，DIP浓度平均值为0.18μmol/L，N：P为11.2：1，硅酸盐浓度平均值为4.23μmol/L，表层叶绿素a平均值1.45 mg·m~(-3)，表层同化指数平均为4.12mg/，初级生产力平均值276.60 mgC/(m~2·d)，根据初级生产力计算潜在渔业资源碳生产量平均为0.34 gC/(m~2·a)，该区主要受南部湾口区海流向湾内延伸，沿岸海南岛河流注入湾内和琼州海峡过道水的影响，适合作为渔业作业区和水产养殖区；湾中部和南部远岸深水区，该区的环境主要特点是平均水深75m，DIN浓度平均值为0.77μmol/L，DIP浓度平均值为0.15μmol/L，N：P为5.1：1，硅酸盐浓度平均值为3.05μmol/L，表层叶绿素a平均值0.70 mg·m~(-3)，表层同化指数平均为3.69 mg/，初级生产力平均值350.89 mgC/(m~2·d)，根据初级生产力计算潜在渔业资源碳生产量平均为0.43 gC/(m~2·a)，该区主要受北部湾环流影响，适合作为渔业作业区。

Now he worked in ajoint venture.

现在他在一家合资企业工作。

More troops in Afghanistan won't change any of the foregoing.

更多的在阿富汗的军队也不会改变之前的状况。