查询词典 pathway

GSK-3βis now recognized as not only a key rate-limiting enzyme of glycogen metabolic process, which phosphorylats hepatic glycogen synthase and makes it devitalize by insuline regulation, but also plays an important role in at least three signal transductory systems, namely, the Wnt/wingless, PI3'-kinase and Hedgehog pathways,which influence cellular processes, such as protein synthesis, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, cell motility and apoptosis.

GSK-3β是糖原代谢过程中的重要限速酶，除了可以在胰岛素调控下磷酸化肝糖原合成酶并使之失活外，GSK-3β还在多个重要信号通路中扮演了关键角色，例如Wnt/β-catenin pathway，PI3K/AKT pathway，Hedgehog pathway，在蛋白合成、细胞增殖、细胞分化、细胞运动、细胞凋亡以及肿瘤发生等方面都扮演了重要角色。

The modified pathway is called the Hatch-Slack pathway or the C4 dicarboxylic acid pathway.

这种碳同化的途径也叫做 Hatch-Slack 途径或 C4二羧酸途径。

Among this network, some interactions were obviously related to the regulatory mechanism of canonical Wnt pathway and noncanonical Wnt pathway, and others may play the roles in the biological function of Wnt pathway. The functions of the several interactions in this network have been revealed, and more research work is still in the process.

以11个已知的和在筛选过程中新发现的信号转导中心蛋白质分子为&诱饵蛋白&进行了大规模筛选，从超过1000个阳性克隆中总共获得约294种相互作用和259种cDNA，其中有超过10种相互作用已为前人所报道具有生物学意义。

MTT assay FAK signaling pathway inhibitor genistein on human corneal epithelial cell cytotoxicity;RT-PCR detection of human corneal epithelial cells adhesion to fungus at different times,extracellular matrix protein including laminin,fibronectin,FN glass,Ⅳcollagen,transmembrane protein integrinαⅤ,integrinβ1(ITGβ1),as well as the FAK signaling pathway FAK1,FAK2 and Paxillin gene expression;Western blot detection of the signal transduction pathway adhesion-associated protein ITGβ1,FAK and PAX expression and the inhibition of genistein. Immunocytochemical method was used to observe the LN,FN and FAK expression in human corneal epithelial cells during interaction with the fungues;Laser scanning confocal microscope had a cell positioning on FN,FAK and PAX,observed the changing of the human corneal epithelial cytoskeleton after stimulated by fungues;Quantitatived by flow cytometry to detect of human corneal epithelial cells with PAX at ITGβ1 fungal expression after adhesion;Optical microscopy quantitied the fungues and human corneal epithelial cell adhesion and recorded to determination the integral optical density afrer adhesion;Scanning and transmitted electron microscope observed the changing of cell ultrastructure after fungues and human corneal epithelial cell adhesion.

第一部分真菌激活人角膜上皮细胞FAK信号转导通路的体外实验研究将三种常见致病真菌(白色念珠菌、烟曲霉菌和茄病镰刀菌)分别与人角膜上皮细胞共孵育，MTT法检测FAK信号通路抑制剂染料木黄酮的对人角膜上皮细胞的细胞毒性作用；RT-PCR检测真菌黏附人角膜上皮细胞后不同时间细胞外基质层连蛋白、纤连蛋白、玻连蛋白、Ⅳ型胶原、跨膜蛋白整合素αV、整合素β1(ITGβ1)，以及FAK信号通路中FAK1、FAK2和桩蛋白基因的表达情况；Western blot的方法检测黏附信号转导途径相关蛋白ITGβ1、FAK和PAX的表达，以及染料木黄酮对真菌刺激人角膜上皮细胞FAK信息通路活化的抑制作用；免疫细胞化学方法观察人角膜上皮细胞与真菌相互作用过程中LN、FN和FAK的表达；激光共聚焦显微镜对FN、FAK和PAX进行了细胞定位，并观察真菌刺激后人角膜上皮细胞骨架的变化；流式细胞仪定量检测人角膜上皮细胞ITGβ1与PAX在真菌黏附后表达的改变；光学显微镜观察真菌与人角膜上皮细胞黏附数量，记录并测定了黏附后积分光密度值OD扫描及投射电镜观察了真菌与人角膜上皮细胞黏附后，细胞超微结构的改变。

To understand the basic properties, underlying mechanisms and functions of the short-term synaptic plasticity of thalamocortical visual pathway, we combined in vivo field potential recording, focal drug application technique and neuron models, to explore the short-tem synaptic plasticity of rat major thalamocortical visual pathway (from lateral geniculate nucleus to primary visual cortex) and extrageniculate pathway (from lateral posterior nucleus to primary visual cortex), as well as the role of short-term depression in the neuronal correlated firing detection.

我们结合在位场电位记录、局部加药和神经模型等方法，对不同刺激模式下大鼠丘脑皮层主要视觉通路（外侧膝状体到初级视皮层）和非主要视觉通路（膝体外通路：丘脑侧后核到初级视皮层）的短时程突触可塑性，以及短时程抑制作用对神经元同步活动检测的作用做了研究，试图了解视觉丘脑皮层突触传递短时程可塑性的基本特性、神经机制和功能。

Firstly, based on phenomenal characteristic parameter collection and its further correlation analysis, the metabolic flux shift during late phase of guanosine fermentation was preliminarily deduced and confirmed by combining intermediates detection and the product biosynthesis pathway analysis. That is, the metabolic flux shifted from Hexose Monophosphate Pathway , from which guanosine was generated mainly, to Embden-Meyerhof Pathway and Tricarboxylic acid cycle to form amino acids and organic acids.

首先通过对发酵过程现象特征的收集和进一步的相关分析，初步推断在发酵过程后期存在有代谢流的迁移，结合中间代谢产物的分析和产物合成的代谢途径初步确认了代谢流迁移的存在，即代谢流从形成产物的HMP途径向形成有机酸、氨基酸的EMP途径、TCA循环迁移。

Result At 5 and 25 mgkg^(-1), the total respiratory rate had a similar trend with tricarboxylic acid cycle and pentose phosphate pathway, T1, and T2 were higher than the control on the 1st day and then declined three days late but they had a recover on the last day. Embden-Meyer-hot-Parnas pathway had a declined trend forever. The respiratory rate of the total and three pathways were decreased under 125 mgkg^(-1). The enzyme activity of pyrophosphate-dependent phosphofructokinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) and malate dehydrogenase were similar to relative respiratory pathway.

测定期内，5mgkg^(-1)土、25mgkg^(-1)土浓度处理使基础呼吸速率和三羧酸循环、磷酸戊糖途径的呼吸速率均表现初期上升随后（第3天）下降但末期有所恢复的趋势，而糖酵解途径的呼吸速率则持续下降在末期小幅回升；125mgkg^(-1)土浓度处理后基础呼吸速率及3条途径呼吸速率均呈下降趋势；磷酸果糖激酶、苹果酸脱氢酶和葡萄糖－6-磷酸脱氢酶(G-6-PDH)活性变化趋势分别与其对应途径呼吸速率变化相似。

ER stress induces cardiomyocytesapoptosis by activation of ER chaperons such as GRP78 and CHOP,PERK-eIF2αpathway,IRE1-XBP1 pathway,caspase-12 and JNKs pathway.

给予β受体阻滞剂和膜稳定剂在体内体外都能有效抑制内质网应激，减少细胞凋亡。

The inhibition of it achieved about 30% at presenting of CLAM.The proper- ty of climacteric in apple is that the pathway of respiration turns from cytochrome pathway to CN-resistent pathway when apple fruits come in riping;moreover,th...

当在CLAM存在下进行陈化时，苹果诱导呼吸的发生被抑制约30％，跃变期果实的特点是当果实进入成熟期时呼吸途径发生了由细胞色素途径向抗氰的交替途经转移的现象；同时其果实切片在陈化后可以发生诱导呼吸。

To investigate the function of Nogo-A in neurons, human embryonic kidney cell line 293FT was used as a model, along with the pathway profiling reporter system to check the involvement of Nogo-A in regulating the intracellular signaling pathway. It was found that over-expression of Nogo-A could activate NF-κB signaling specifically, then followed by using different Nogo-A alternative splicing isoforms and a serial of truncations, it was confirmed that the activation of NF-κB by Nogo-A relied on its N-terminal proline rich domain. Furthermore, by co-expressing the dominant negative mutants of some NF-κB pathway associated proteins, it revealed that the IκBα,TRAF6, Rac/Cdc42 were involved in Nogo-A inducing activation of NF-κB.

为探讨神经元内Nogo-A的功能，以HEK293FT细胞为模型，利用信号途径报告基因系统筛选过表达Nogo-A对多种信号途径的调控作用，发现过表达Nogo-A能特异激活NF-κB信号，利用不同的Nogo-A剪接体和截断体形式研究，证明Nogo-A激活NF-κB信号依赖于其氨基端的proline rich结构域，进一步使用NF-κB信号途径相关分子显性突变体揭示IκBα、TRAF6、 Rac/Cdc42 参与Nogo-A激活NF-κB信号。

If you are unfortunate enough to the lovelorn, please tell me, I will help you out, really, please contact me!

如果你不幸失恋了，请告诉我，我会帮助你摆脱困境，真的，请联系我啦！

China's plan to cut energy intensity by 20 percent and pollutant discharges by 10 percent between 2006 and 2010 is a case in point.

中国计划在2006年到2010间降低20%的能源强度和减少10%的主要污染物排放，就是一个这样的例子。