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According to recent researches, intracellular signalling pathway systems involved in appressorium differentiation is related with cAMP pathway and MAP pathway. In this research, 21 bacteria strains and Chaetomium cupreum strains were assayed for their antagonism to appressorium formation in M.grisea.

随着稻瘟病菌一系列致病基因的克隆及功能明确，附着胞形成的信号传导途径包括：cAMP途径和MAP途径，这些途径中基因的失活都影响附着胞的形成。

These DSs were first observed at 9 weeks in the distal part of ascending fibers that consist of gracile fasciculus and cerebellospinal-gracile nucleus and white matter of cerebellum. They extend along medulla oblongate to medulla cervix、medulla thorax、medulla lumbalis in accordance with dying-back type degeneration. The corticospinal tract were affected at 18 weeks,and thalamus、the olfactory pathway、the visal pathway、the auditory pathway were affected at 32 weeks.

这种DS从9周龄开始，首先在构成薄束路和脊髓小脑后路的上行纤维的远端区域-薄束核区和小脑白质出现，逐渐按照延髓、颈髓、胸髓、腰髓的顺序，向细胞体方向逆行性地进展。18周龄时波及到锥体路，32周龄时进一步波及到丘脑和嗅觉、视觉、听觉传导路。

objective:to evaluate junction rhythm and atria pacemaking to show pathway conduction block as successful ablation indicatives applied in avnrt of slow pathway ablation and compare the difference of discharge time and ablation targets to ablation endpoint. methods:153 patients with avnrt were performed slow pathway radiofrequency ablation.

目的：评价以出现交界性心律与心房起搏显示慢径前传导阻滞作为有效消融指标在房室结折返性心动速慢径消融中应用，比较这两种有效消融指标判断方法在慢径消融达到消融终点时的放电时间与消融靶点数的差异性。

To investigate the effect of p38MAPK signal conducting pathway on livercancinoma cell's malignant phenotype induced by VEGF,we take theexperiment with cell growth test,scanning microscope and laser scanningconfocal microscope so that observe effect of p38MAPK signal conductingpathway on liver cancinoma cell growth,pseudopodium formation andframework of cytoskeleton induced by VEGF.results indicate that the cellbecame ellipse and there were more and thick pseudopodium in the cell'ssurface after being treated by VEGF,and destroyed framework ofcytoskeleton,which can be blocked by pretreated with a special inhibitor ofp38MAPK SB203580 so that VEGF promote metastasis by enhancing livercell migration and movement via p38MAPK signal conducting pathway,butVEGF promote cell growth without p38MAPK signal conducting pathway.

为进一步探讨VEGF通过p38信号传导通路诱导肝癌细胞转移时，对肝癌细胞恶性表型的影响，采用细胞增殖实验、扫描电子显微镜、激光扫描共聚焦显微镜观察VEGF对肝癌细胞增殖作用、细胞伪足形成、细胞骨架微丝结构的影响以及p38MAPK信号通路调控作用。结果显示，VEGF能够不通过p38信号通路促进肝癌细胞增殖；VEGF诱导肝癌细胞丝状伪足增多、增长，使细胞骨架微丝结构破坏、甚至消失。阻断p38MAPK信号通路，可以抑制VEGF诱导的肝癌细胞伪足形成，细胞骨架丝状结构呈束状，排列较规整。上述结果表明，VEGF可以通过p38信号传导通路诱导肝癌细胞伪足增多、增长，促使细胞骨架微丝结构破坏，使肝癌细胞迁移、运动能力增加，促进肿瘤转移。VEGF并不通过p38信号通路诱导肝癌细胞增殖作用。

Therefore, the metabolic pathway from soybean oil to erythromycin was presumed as follows: soybean oil is metabolized into TCA pathway to generate much α ketoglutaric acid and then generate succinyl CoA by strengthening TCA pathway, and the methylmalonyl CoA is formed from succinyl CoA by isomerization. Finally, methylmalonyl CoA can be used as the precursor for the biosynthesis of erythromycin.

推测豆油经过红色糖多孢菌代谢后进入红霉素合成的一条可能途径：豆油经过代谢后进入TCA循环，并强化了TCA循环的通量，产生了大量α酮戊二酸，再生成琥珀酰CoA，琥珀酰CoA在甲基丙二酰CoA异构酶的作用下生成甲基丙二酰CoA作为红霉素合成的前体。

First we first establish the apoptosis of related protein glossary database, then downloads the neurodegenerative disorders of apoptosis related abstract from the on-line biomedicine literature , and searchesfor the protein information database of the neurodegenerative disorders of apoptosis related pathway, then uses the data mining technology,with apoptosis of protein related glossary database use already establishment. Automatically searches for the neurodegenerative disorders of apoptosis related protein by the program in the biomedicine literature abstract separately in,(1) a sentence,(2) two sentences,(3) aliterature, finding simultaneously appears protein-protein interation. And comparing to the neurodegenerative disorders of apoptosis related protein database, looking for their repetition. This result comparing to the known neurodegenerative disorders of apoptosis related pathway, thus looking for unestablished neurodegenerative disorders of apoptosis pathway.

首先我们先建立细胞凋亡讯息蛋白质相关词汇字库，再从线上生物医学文献下载神经退化性疾病细胞凋亡相关文献摘要，并且搜寻线上蛋白质资料库中神经退化性疾病之细胞凋亡讯息蛋白质传递路径，接著利用文献探勘技术，使用已建立之细胞凋亡讯息蛋白质相关词汇字库，以程式自动在生物医学文献摘要中搜寻神经退化性疾病细胞凋亡相关蛋白质分别在，（1）一个句子、（2）二个句子、（3）一篇文献，中同时出现的两两蛋白质关系，再与已知线上神经退化性疾病细胞凋亡讯息传递路径资料库的蛋白质两两关系做比较，找出两者重复建立的部分，把这个结果与线上已知之细胞凋亡讯息传递路径资料库蛋白质关系作比较，由此找出尚未建立之细胞凋亡讯息传递路径图。

The first one is that the diene structure in Adda side chain was attacked and cleaved, which was named as Adda degradation pathway. The second one is that the pathway of Mdha and Ala degradation, which was that the peptide bond between Mdha and Ala was attacked and cleaved. Adda degradation pathway was dominant and mainly responsible for the degradation of MC-LR by ozone.

臭氧氧化的Adda途径是通过对MC-LR上Adda侧链的进攻，断开具有活性的Adda支链，而达到脱毒的目的；臭氧氧化的Mdha途径是通过对MCs肽环上面Mdha和Ala的断键，打开环状肽链，使藻毒素失去活性，在整个过程中Adda途径占主导地位。

The results showed that the inhibition of the ERK pathway in dHP resulted in anhedonia and anxiety-like behavior, and the ERK pathway inhibition in the mPFC induced anhedonia and locomotor impairment in rats. The phosphorylation of the cyclic AMP-responsive-element-binding protein was decreased following the ERK pathway inhibition either in dHP or mPFC.

但值得提出的是两个脑区ERK通路在对具体的抑郁行为表现的调节上存在一定的差异，如海马ERK信号阻断引起显著的焦虑行为反应而无活力水平的降低，而前额叶皮质ERK通路阻断则表现了活力降低而无焦虑行为，从而表现了一定的脑区特异性。

However 20(39%) patients appeared obvious T wave change among th e 52 patients with non-conceal assessory pathway after RFCA,including the 19 pa tients they passed through cmplete accessory pathway (QRS duration≥140 ms) and only one patient is incomplete accessory pathway (QRS duration ＜140 ms).

结果：80例隐匿性旁路在射频消融术后无1例出现心脏复极改变，52例显性旁路中有20例(占39 %)术后出现女性明显 T波变化，其中完全性旁路(QRS≥0.14 s)占19例，而不完全性旁路(QRS＜0.14 s)仅占1例。

Comparative studies of immune functions in echinoderms have demonstrated that there is a complement system in echinoderms that appears to have alternative pathway and lectin pathway but lack classical pathway and terminal pathway.

比较免疫学分析表明，棘皮动物存在脊椎动物补体系统的替代途径和凝集素途径，但未发现经典途径和明确的终端途径。

Since historical times,England ,where the early inhabitants were Celts, has been conquered three times .

从有历史以来，英国，在此地早期居住的是凯尔特人，已经被征服了三次。

Bluetooth OBEX File Transfer Enables the sending and receiving of files on your phone via Bluetooth.

蓝牙OBEX文件移动允许经过蓝牙传送和接受文件。。。。