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Part II, the artificial boundary condition and its numerical methods based on natural boundary reduction for a hyperbolic initial boundary value problem in an infinite domain with a concave angle is investigated.

第二部分，研究一类具有凹角的无界外区域的双曲型初边值问题基于自然边界归化的人工边界条件及其数值方法。

The experimental results show that for most continuous optimization problems, the strategy of concave function gains an advantage over the linear strategy, while the linear strategy outperforms strategy of convex function with the identical initial and final weights.

试验结果表明，对于多数连续优化问题，在初始权值和最终权值相同的情况下，凹函数递减策略优于线性策略，而线性策略优于凸函数策略，凹函数递减策略能够在不影响收敛精度的情况下较大幅度地提高粒子群算法的收敛速度。

The result shows that the improved Snake Model can quickly converge the concavity region and the more complex region,and has decreased the dependence of the result of segmentation to the initial value and the influence of noise point to the boundary.

结果表明，改进的Snake模型能迅速地收敛到深凹陷区域和更复杂区域，且减弱了分割结果对初值的依赖性和噪声点对边界的影响。

Shang Dynasty was the initial period of urban development of China and the cities and countryside have not been split up, thus the primitive settlement shape has still been preserved, then these characteristics were formed: taking the palace area as the centre, the independent unit areas of comprehensive function surrounding and protecting the palace area. The city is an irregular concentric circle with the palace area as the center and expresses the thought of "the community".

商殷之时是我国城市发展的初期阶段，城乡还未分化，仍保有原始聚落的形态，形成了以宫殿区为中心，各个具有综合功能的独立单元区域拱卫的特点，城市平面也呈现出以宫殿区为圆心的不规则同心圆，表达了一种"群体"的意念。

Initial decisions; conclusiveness; review by agency; submissions by parties; contents of decisions; record.

初步决定；结论；审查机构；各缔约方的意见；内容决定；记录在案。

First of all,we construct a semidiscrete finite difference scheme to Burgers equation with initial condition and Dirichret boundary conditions.

首先，对Burgers方程的初边值问题建立了一个半离散的有限差分格式。

For the computational stability of linear evolution equation, the condition of CLF for judging the computational stability of initial value problem is introduced.

针对线性发展方程的计算稳定性问题，介绍了判定线性发展方程初值问题的稳定性判别条件：CLF条件。

The traditional HMM for Web information extraction is sensitive to the initial model parameters and easy to lead to a sub-optimal model in practice. A hybrid conditional model to combine maximum entropy and maximum entropy Markov model is put formard for Web information extraction.

针对传统Web信息抽取的隐马尔可夫模型对初值十分敏感和在实际训练中极易得到局部最优模型参数，提出了一种最大熵和最大熵马尔可夫模型相结合的条件模型。

First, the backward Kolmogorov equation for the conditional reliability function and the Pontryagin equation for mean first-passage time and then- associated boundary and initial conditions are derived based on the stochastic averaging methods for quasi non-integrable, quasi integrable and quasi partially integ...

首先利用拟不可积、拟可积非共振及拟部分可积非共振Hamilton系统的随机平均法分别给出了研究该系统首次穿越问题的提法，包括计算条件可靠性函数的后向Kolmogorov方程及计算平均首次穿越时间的Pontryagin方程及其边值条件。

An ILO and UNIDO expert will conduct initial study tours in Tianjin and Cangzhou in August/September.

ILO和UNIDO的专家将在8月或9月参加在两地开展的调研。

For the head-teacher of the class said that I had seriously broken the school rules,which led me to a three-day suspend class.

为什么呢？因为我的班主任说我严重的违反了校规，于是让我停课三天。

Many of them believe that the conversion of thousands of working-class folk in England spared that nation from the mass carnage and the tyranny that came with the revolution in France.

他们之中有许多人相信，在英国数以千计的劳工阶级之悔改信主使英国免於遭受如法国大革命所造成的大屠杀和专制暴政。