查询词典 initial approximation

The calculation of initial alignment direction cosine matrix between SINS body frame and navigation reference frame is expanded into three parts:(1) the DCM between i0 frame and n frame is easily obtained via local geographical coordinates and initial alignment time;(2) by expressing SINS specific force equation in b frame and by the aid of external velocity log, the constant DCM from i(subscript 0) frame to i0 frame is achieved;(3) attitude updating using gyro samples gets the DCM between b frame and i(subscript b0) frame.

将捷联惯组坐标系与导航坐标系之间的初始对准姿态矩阵的实现分解为三步骤：(1)通过地理位置和初始对准时间求解i0系至n系的变换矩阵；(2)通过惯导比力方程变形，引入刚速仪速度辅助，求解从i(下标 b0)系至i0系的常值变换矩阵；(3)使用姿态更新算法实时计算b相对于i(下标 b0)系的变换矩阵。

Compared with the initial value problems of scalar conservation laws with smooth flux function, the global weak entropy solutions for the initial-boundary value problems of scalar conservation laws with weak discontinuous flux function include the following new interaction types: a rarefaction wave collides with the boundary and is absorbed compltetely or partially by the boundary; a rarefaction wave collides with the boundary and the boundary will reflect a contact or non-contact shock wave; a contact or non-contact shock wave collides with the boundary and is absorbed by the boundary; a contact or non-contact shock wave collides with the boundary and a new non-contact shock will rebound from the boundary simultaneously or later.

与具有光滑流函数的单个守恒律的初始值问题相比，具有弱间断流函数的单个守恒律初边值问题的整体弱熵解中包括下列新的相互作用类型：稀疏波碰到边界并被边界部分或全部吸收；稀疏波与边界相撞，边界反射出一个接触或非接触激波；接触或非接触激波碰到边界并被边界吸收；接触或非接触激波与边界相撞，边界同时或稍后反射出一个新的非接触激波。

In the case of the iterative learning control for linear continuous system with the initial error, a kind of ILC approach with compensation to the initial error is presented using the theory of the two dimensional (2 D) linear continuous discrete system.

针对线性连续系统迭代学习控制中含有固定初始误差的情形，利用二维系统理论给出了一种带有初始误差修正的迭代学习控制方案和这种迭代学习控制规律收敛的条件，并说明由此设计的迭代学习控制器简单有效，可实现在初始时间段以外部分对期望轨迹的完全跟踪。

Among the 65 types of disyllable groups ("IVB + IVA" are divided into two kinds, and are counted as two here), there are 41 types that only change the initial syllable and not the final one, 8 types that only change the final syllable and not the initial one, and 16 types that change both syllables.

在65种两字组（"阳入＋阴平"变调时分两类，这里按两种计）中，有41种只变前字不变后字，有8种只变后字不变前字，有16种前后字都变。

The initial water concentration of the mixed solvent is an extremely important factor.Due to the complex double effects of water on the reaction, with the change of the initial water concentration,the catalytic activity shows complex changing trend.

混合溶剂的初始含水量是一个极为重要的因素，由于水对反应复杂的双重影响，催化剂的活性随初始含水量的变化呈现出复杂的变化趋势。

"Although treatment success with either step-up or step-down treatment is similar, the step-up strategy is more cost effective at 6 months for initial treatment of patients with new onset dyspeptic symptoms in primary care," the study authors write."Nonetheless, patients on initial empirical treatment with proton pump inhibitor show an earlier response, especially in the small subgroup with predominant reflux symptoms."

作者们写到，虽然进阶或降阶组的治疗成效相当，但是进阶策略在治疗开始6个月后对接受初级照护的新发作消化不良症状病患而言是更符合经济效益的；然而，一开始经验疗法使用质子帮浦抑制剂的病患，反应较快，特别是在少数以逆流症状为主的病患中。

The simulation results verify the validity of the present approach. The conclusion has no restriction on the eccentricity of the initial elliptic orbit, and fits for the situation of initial elliptic orbit with large eccentricity.

数值仿真表明：所提出的方法能够确切描述卫星可达范围的边界，所得结论对初始椭圆轨道的偏心率没有限制，可以用于单颗卫星机动范围的评估和不同卫星间安全距离的设计。

In this report, based on initial data array of annual increase of growing stock, GM(1, 1) enveloping grey surface is set up, and predictive curve is obtained by fitting initial data with differential equation according to mecha- nism of GM model. Scientific basis has been provided for determining the optimum annual cutting norm.

为合理采伐利用林木资源，本文根据全区林木年蓄积增长量原始数据列，建立GM（1，1）包络灰平面，并按GM模型建模机理，用微分程拟合原始数据，求得预测曲线，使预测值落在栽一范围内，为确定最佳年采伐限额提供了科学依据。

The algorithm consists of a least-squares part providing an analytica l initial solution,and a projection part that projects the initial least-square s solution successively onto each equality constraint.

该算法有两个显著特点：一是目标函数的Hessian矩阵不要求正定；二是由于采用平方根因子分解来计算增广Hessian矩阵及投影算子矩阵，算法具有很好的数字稳定性。

On the base of INS, the method of initial alignment is introduced. And the state equation and observation equation are proposed. Using velocity error as exterior value of observation, We achieve the initial alignment.

在实现INS的基础上，研究INS和GPS组合的初始对准方法，建立组合导航系统的状态方程及速度观测方程，应用卡尔曼滤波器实现了INS／GPS的组合对准。

Pachomius manual labour was organized as an essential part of the monastic life; and since it is a principle of the monks as distinguished from the mendicants, that the body shall be self-supporting, external work of one sort or another has been an inevitable part of the life ever since.

根据圣pachomius体力劳动组织作为一个重要组成部分寺院生活；以来，这是一个原则的和尚，作为有别于乞丐，该机构应自支撑，对外工作的这种或那种已一个必然的一部分，生活至今。

In order to study the effects of parametrical rolling on the ship movement and tilts, in allusion to ship's navigating in regular following waves, the equation of ship rolling motion is transformed into normal Mathieu equation by proper variable replacement when strong parametrical excitation in restoring moment varied according to sine or cosine wave.

为研究参数横摇对船舶运动和倾覆的影响，通过对船在规则波上随浪航行时，恢复力矩中出现的1个以正余弦规律变化的强参数激励项进行适当的变量置换，将船舶的横摇运动方程转换成标准形式的Mathieu方程。