查询词典 genetic effect

As there are only six parents in the diallel crossing. and one cross combination for genetic effect analyzing, and the datum from the number of regenerating didn't submit to the normal distribution formula even when they were transferred, there may be some aberrancy in the result of this character. Therefore, more experiments and larger samples are needful further to conform, improve or correct this research results later.

7本研究双列分析的亲本仅为6个，世代的基因效应分析也仅只有1个组合，可能导致统计分析结果偏颇，还由于性状胚性愈伤组织绿苗再生数资料经转换后仍不能遵从正态分布，也会使得该性状的分析结果可能有偏差，今后需要用更多的试验和抽取更大的样本进行分析研究，进一步证实、完善或纠正本试验结果。

The total genetic effect of progeny was obtained by economic weighting genetic effect of these two traits.

通过经济加权上述两个性状的遗传效应来预测后代的综合遗传效应。

The results indicated that:（1） The volume weight, isoleuclne, arginine and glycine are mainly influenced by the additive genetic effect; and protein, lysine, methionine and aspartate by both additive and non-additive effect; while starch, oil and other 10 amino acids by nonadditive effect.

结果表明：（1）玉米籽粒容重、异亮氨酸、精氨酸和甘氨酸主要受加性基因效应影响；粗蛋白、赖氨酸、蛋氨酸和天冬氨酸受加性效应和非加性效应同等影响；粗淀粉、粗脂肪和其余10种氨基酸成份主要受非加性效应影响。

稀有物种,生境损失和灭绝(V1) Founder effect This term describes the establishment of a new population by one or a few individual, resulting in low levels of genetic variation and often a disproportionate number of alleles that are rate in the parent population.

Genetic bottleneck 建立者效应建立者效应描述由一个或几个个体建立新种群，导致低水平的遗传变异和在亲本种群中稀少的等位基因的经常不成比例的数量。

But more and more experimental data and QTL mapping showed that there exist major genes of large genetic effect besides the polygene with samll effect in quantitative traits.

但越来越多的试验数据和QTL作图结果表明，控制数量性状的基因体系中既有遗传效应较小的微效多基因，又有遗传效应较大的主基因。

But the former study was only the identification analysis of the existing of the major gene and polygene, the identification of genetic model and the analysis of genetic effect in major gene and polygene mixed inheritance model of quantitative trait from different animal-plant.

但以往的研究只是对不同动植物主基因-多基因混合遗传的数量性状的主基因和多基因存在的鉴别分析，以及遗传模型识别和各种遗传效应的分析。

The near isogenic lines containing the S5n allele from different original WCVs . and genetic background from japonica variety Balilla were crossed with 20 indica-japonica varieties representing different ecotypes, the results indicated that genetic effect of S5n from different wide compatibility varieties was not completely same, and that the compatibility power and compatibility spectrum of near isogenic lines carrying S5n from different donors were different.

以不同来源的广亲和品种为供体、以粳稻品种Balilla为受体的近等基因系与不同籼粳测验种测交结果表明，不同起源的广亲和基因S_5~n对杂种育性的遗传效应是不完全相同的，亲和力和亲和谱都存在差异。

In this study, nine aspects had been carried out, which included the condition optimization of inducing silkworm asexual reproduction; the effective technique of obtaining unfertilized eggs from virginal moth; the investigation of asexual reproductive genetic resources on bivoltine silkworm races; the creating of bivoltine female asexual reproductive lines; the genetic effect analysis of silkworm asexual reproductive character; the eggs protein study on different female lines; growing and developing comparison between asexual reproductive line and its sexual parent; RAPD study on asexual reproductive character; the utilization of asexual reproductive lines.

本论文主要研究内容包括：家蚕无性繁殖诱导条件的优化；从家蚕处女蛾获取未受精卵的实用技术研究；二化性家蚕品种无性繁殖特性的遗传资源调查；二化性雌蚕无性繁殖系的构建；家蚕无性繁殖性状的遗传效应分析；家蚕无性繁殖品种的蛋白质研究；家蚕无性繁殖品种与其两性亲本生长发育对比研究；控制家蚕无性繁殖性状的基因的RAPD分子标记探索以及家蚕无性繁殖系的利用研究等九个方面，取得的主要结果如下

Results After six passages in BHK-21 cells, cytopathic effect was observed by microscopy. The rescued virus was rejuvenated once in unweaned mice, and then came back to cell passage. We found that the poly tract of rescued virus was shortened when the virus was passaged twice in BHK-21 cells. Although the data of LD50 in mice and TCID50 in BHK-21 cells showed that the virulence and infectivity of genetic engineering viruses were lower than its parental virus, no significant difference was observed between the genetic engineering viruses with the different length poly tract.

我们发现，基因工程毒在BHK-21上连续传代至第6代时，可见明显的致细胞病变效应(cytopathic effect，CPE)；在经过一代乳鼠接种之后再重新适应到BHK-21细胞的过程中，poly区段出现了缩短现象；乳鼠致病性试验和BHK-21细胞TCID50测定结果表明，尽管基因工程毒与母本毒相比毒力偏低，但含有不同长度poly的基因工程毒之间并无显著差异。

ABSTRACT It is because that the excellent acceptors for maize transgenic engineering are insufficient in our country, especially in the southwest mountain areas of china and hereditary variation regularity for the two characters such as efficiency of embryonic callus induction and number of regenerating plant (these two characters were abbreviated to the nduction efficiency and number of regenerating in the following of the paper, respectively), which hint the maize culturing capacity, is not very clear. Therefore, aiming at picking out superior acceptors, we had made systematic researches on the two characters with combing traditional quantitative-character genetic analyzing methods such as single-factor genetic mating design, diallel crossing genetic design, genetic effect analyzing method and the modern molecular locating method such as QTLs'. The main results are followed.(1) 50 superior inbred lines and about 30 crosses in our country, especially in the southwest of China were used for identifying and selecting the superior genotypes in the above two investigated characters under the same culturing condition in 2000 and 2001. There was very significant difference among the genotypes in the both characters. But the two characters were not certainly related. Some genotypes such as 18-599 and 18-599 were very good in them. For some ones such as zong 31, induction was higher than 18-599 and 18-599 in the efficiency, but it was only 1/3 to the later in regenerating number. In some genotypes such as S37, R08, R15, P138, A318, induction efficiency was just about 3% and scarcely any regenerating plants were got. On the whole, hybrids acted better than inbreeds in the both characters.(2) Two kind of inbreeds were selected as parents of the Griffing's method 1. 18-599 and 18-599 and the inbred line zong 31 are one kind because they are not only superior in the characters of maize cross breeding, such as CA, resistance to disease and the important agricultural characters, but also excellent in transformation characters as the induction and regeneration.

针对我国、特别是西南山地所需玉米转基因工程育种优良受体极为匮乏和反应玉米幼胚培养能力的2个主要性状，即玉米幼胚胚性愈伤组织诱导率和胚性愈伤组织绿苗发生数的遗传变异规律十分不清楚的实际情况，本研究从筛选玉米转基因工程所需要的优良受体入手，采用单因素遗传交配设计、双列杂交遗传交配设计、世代基因效应等传统数量性状分析方法，以及现代分子标记定位主效QTL分析方法，对玉米幼胚胚性愈伤组织诱导率和胚性愈伤组织绿苗发生数等2个性状进行了较为系统的分析研究，取得以下主要研究结果：(1)于2000年和2001年通过对我国、特别是西南地区近50份优良自交系和近30个杂交组合，在相同培养条件下，对幼胚培养胚性愈伤组织诱导率和胚性愈伤组织绿苗发生数等2个幼胚培养能力性状进行了筛选与鉴定，发现玉米不同基因型具有完全不同的幼胚培养胚性愈伤组织诱导率和胚性愈伤组织绿苗发生数，但幼胚培养胚性愈伤组织诱导率与胚性愈伤组织绿苗发生数并不具有必然的相关关系，有的基因型，如自交系18-599和18-599在胚性愈伤组织诱导率和愈伤组织绿苗发生数等2个性状都表现相当优异；有的基因型，如自交系综31，仅幼胚培养胚性愈伤组织诱导率性状表现高于19-599和18-599，但在胚性愈伤组织绿苗发生数这一性状则与它们有相当大的差距，仅为19-599和18-599的1/3左右；有的基因型，如S37、R08、R15、P138、A318等玉米自交系不仅幼胚培养胚性愈伤组织诱导率很低，平均仅在3％左右，而且胚性愈伤组织绿苗发生数表现也很差，基本上没有分化成苗。

He is the most remarkable man that I have ever known.

他是我知道的人中最值得注意的人。

Increased appearance of lymphocele was noticed in patients with diabetic nephropathy, congenital malformations of the urinary tract, and inflammatory diseases, including glomerulopathy and extraglomerular ones, after high-voltage radiotherapy and after removal of the renal graft.

经过高压放射疗法和切除移植肾后，在糖尿病肾病患者、泌尿系统先天性畸形患者和炎症患者身上发现淋巴囊肿有所增加，包括肾小球病和球外疾病等。