查询词典 failure analysis

The failure behavior of SS316L has been investigated under environment and stress coaction by corrosion fatigue device. It is indicated that the interactive actions of many kinds of corrosion types, such as dynamic stress, pitting corrosion, intergranuler corrosion, corrosion fatigue, material failure, are exist in the process of stainless steel failure.

本工作运用自制的腐蚀疲劳试验机，研究了在环境与应力协同作用下，316L不锈钢的失效行为和过程，证实了不锈钢的失效过程中存在着多种腐蚀类型的交互作用，阐述了动应力—点腐蚀—晶间腐蚀—腐蚀疲劳—失稳断裂的内在联系和相关性。

Pragmatic failure has been holding an important position in the study of pragmatics.But the researches done on this topic have been confined to interlingual pragmatic failure,and almost no research has been done to intralingual pragmatic failure.

语用失误是语用学中的一个重要研究课题，但目前的成果仅限于对跨文化交际中的语用失误进行研究，对同一母语文化交际中出现的语用失误却鲜有论及。

Abstract］ objective to explore the failure causes of mastoidectomy and precautions.methods the operation findings of 37 cases who underwent revision mastoidectomy from 1995 to 2005 were analyzed for causes of the primary procedures and revision mastoidectomy failure.results original symptoms disappeared.all cases achieved a dry ear after mastoidectomy 1～3 months.conclusion causes of failure of mastoidectomy include unfamiliarity with regional anatomy,absence of skill of surgeons,unadequate opening of mastoidale,and clinical experiences.each of these can result in residual lesion and inadequate drainage.some exceptions can also result in reoperation.to resect the pathological changes tissue thoroughly,to remain good drainage after operation,to manage some execptions are keys to prevent reoperation.

目的 探讨乳突根治术不能干耳原因及预防措施。方法对我科1990~2005年收治的37例乳突根治术不能干耳患者的再次乳突手术所见进行分析，并行二次乳突根治术。结果术后1～3个月患者原有症状消失、干耳。结论乳突根治术失败原因主要是术者中耳乳突解剖不熟、基本功不过硬、临床经验不足导致病灶残留、引流不畅和乳突尖开放不够及某些特殊情况所致。术中彻底去除病灶，保证术后引流通畅及特殊情况的处理，是防止二次手术的关键。

The criterion is similar to hyperbolic strength criterion including uniaxial compression strength and uniaxial tensile strength, which is an extended form of Griffith-Murrell criterion essentially under the condition of polyaxial stress when hydrostatic pressure is lower, and it represents the first failure type. However, the criterion is similar to generalized Mises criterion when hydrostatic pressure is higher, and it represents the second failure type. The transition part between the two criteria represents the third failure type when hydrostatic pressure is high.

该准则包含单轴抗压和抗拉强度，在静水压力较低时，实质上它是Griffith-Murrell准则在多轴应力状态下的一种扩展形式，反映脆性岩石破坏类型1；在很高静水压力下该准则可转化为广义Mises准则，反映脆性岩石破坏类型2；而当静水压力较高时，该准则处于上述两种准则的过渡阶段，反映脆性岩石破坏类型3。

Nowadays most of researches on the multicast routing are how to generate multicast tree. In case of multicast tree failure, there need to re-route all of nodes behind the failure point so much as re-build the whole tree, this will deteriorate Quality-of-Service, on the other hand, it is insufferable in some multicast applications. We proposed a Fault-Tolerant multicast scheme to resolve this problem. Our scheme creates backup paths crosswise in the ramose node. It can reduce additional cost greatly and recover the failure of multicast tree rapidly.

现在关于多播路由的研究大多着眼于多播树的生成，一旦多播树出现故障，就需要对故障点以下的所有多播接收节点进行重新路由甚至对整个多播树进行重新构造，这一方面降低了服务质量，另一方面有些多播应用不允许长时间的中断，对此本文提出了一种多播容错方案，采用在分枝节点之间建立备份路径的措施，可以在很大程度上减少额外的代价，能够在最快的时间内恢复多播树的故障，并使得恢复后的多播树形状基本上没有改变。

Nowadays most of researches on the multicast routing are how to generate multicast tree. In case of multicast tree failure, there need to re-route all of nodes behind the failure point so much as re-build the whole tree, this will deteriorate Quality-of-Service, on the other hand, it is insufferable in some multicast applications. We proposed a Fault-Tolerant multicast scheme to resolve this problem. Our scheme creates backup paths crosswise in the ramose node. It can reduce additional cost greatly and recover the failure of multicast tree rapidly.

现在关于多播路由的研究大多著眼于多播树的生成，一旦多播树出现故障，就需要对故障点以下的所有多播接收节点进行重新路由甚至对整个多播树进行重新构造，这一方面降低了服务质量，另一方面有些多播应用不允许长时间的中断，对此本文提出了一种多播容错方案，采用在分枝节点之间建立备份路径的措施，可以在很大程度上减少额外的代价，能够在最快的时间内恢复多播树的故障，并使得恢复后的多播树形状基本上没有改变。

objective to evaluate the effect of urapidil on the treatment of congestive heart failure.methods thirty patients with congestive heart failure were included in the study.urapidil was given by intravenously guttae at 50mg 5~7days.results systolic blood pressure and l dbp were decreased and sao2 and cardiac output were increased after treatment.conclusion intravenous urapidil produces acute hemodynamic benefit in patients with congestive heart failure.

目的 观察利喜定治疗充血性心力衰竭的临床疗效。方法 30例充血性心力衰竭患者，先以利喜定12.5 mg稀释于20 ml生理盐水中于3~5 min内静脉注射，继以利喜定50 mg、多巴胺20mg加于250 ml液体中静滴，每日1次，滴速为利喜定100~400 μg/min，连用5~7 d。结果利喜定可显著降低收缩压、舒张压，升高血氧饱和度、左室射血分数，不引起反射性心率增快。结论利喜定治疗各种原因引起的充血性心力衰竭，可有效改善患者的临床症状和血流动力学指标。

Really think, live well failure, well failure, there is no ability to love my parents do not know what to do for them, I just want to, really want to give them a comfortable life to his old age, really want can do more for them, do not want them hard we worked hard for, but I find I'm so small, can do nothing good, really good failure, can not do more for the parents more, I did only obedient, obedient , sensible, then sensible, although I have been very sensible, very obedient, but, I still feel not enough.

真的觉得，活的好失败，好失败，没有能力为爱我的父母做什么，不知道能为他们做些什么，我只是想，真的想自己能给他们一个安乐的晚年，真的想能为他们做的多些，不想让他们在为我们辛苦操劳可是我发现我好渺小，好无能为力，真的好失败，不能为父母做的更多些，我所做的只能是听话，听话，懂事，再懂事，虽然我一直很懂事，也很听话，可是，我还是觉得不够。

1 .he serum cTnT and the serum cTnI levels are overproduced in congestive heart failure patients, that of the third degree heart failure is the highest,the following is the second degree heart failure groud.

1。充血性心力衰竭病人血清cTnT和cTnI浓度均明显升高，升高程度依次为Ⅲ度心力衰竭病人最大，Ⅱ度心力衰竭病人次之，Ⅰ度心力衰竭病人最小。

Results: The causes of 56 patients who died were as follows: 29 patients died from the complication of respiratory system,11 patients died from anastomotic leaking,6 patients died from hemorrhagic shock,3 patients died from multiple organ failure, 3 patients died from whole body failure caused by chylopleura, 1 patient died from empyema and gastric necrosis, 1 patient died from sudden cardiac death, 1 patient died from heart failure, 1 patient died from strangulating intestinal obstruction and toxic shock caused by diaphragmatic hernia.

结果：56例死亡患者的死亡原因：肺部并发症29例（51.8％），吻合口瘘11例（19.6％），失血性休克6例（10.6％），多器官功能衰竭3例（5.4％），乳糜胸致全身衰竭3例（5.4％），胃后坏死、脓胸1例（1.8％），心脏性猝死1例（1.8％），心力衰竭1例（1.8％），膈疝引起绞窄性肠梗阻中毒性休克1例（1.8％）。

The French are not suggesting a new EU treaty, but they have plenty of other wheezes.

法国人并不是在建议签署一个新的欧盟条约，但他们有许多其他的阴谋。

This letter was written by my brother.

这封信是我弟弟写的。