查询词典 efficiency engineer

Methods of measuring the input components, their prices and output elements are given. We put forward some new methods in measuring components, including composite depreciation rate, equality working hours, and proxy of input resources. Using the mature methods of efficiency measurement and decomposition available, we make a detailed investigation into 4 listing companies of oil industry with a span of 12 periods. Basic conclusions we draw include: labor inputs affects oil field output mostly in China; China oil fields operates in a low technical efficiency level average of 0.61; Increasing difficulties with expanding output has the greatest influence on cost; Cost efficiency of China oil fields averages at 1.47; Total factor productivity of China oil fields averages at 10%, accounting for 79% of the total output growth rate of 12.6%; Frontier technology progress contributes the most to TFP of China oil fields with 17 percentage points.

本文沿用了已有文献中关于效率计量与分解的成熟方法，对我国三家油田上市公司与一家上市石油公司12个时期的技术效率与成本效率进行了详细的计量、分解与分析，得到的基本结论有：劳动力投入是影响我国油田上市公司产出的最重要的影响因素；油田的平均技术效率仅为0.61；产出项是影响成本的显著因素，这说明随着产出增加而出现的开采难度增加是导致开采成本增加的重要因素；油田的平均成本效率为1.47；全要素生产率的增长平均在10％左右，占到了产出平均增长率12.6％的79％，表明我国油田的生产率的提高主要是依靠全要素生产率的提高而实现的，只有21％左右的产出增长是依靠要素投入而实现的；前沿技术进步是油田全要素生产率增长的主要源泉，在2001～2004年期间，前沿技术进步对油田生产率的贡献高达17个百分点。

Efficiency ; Technical efficiency ; Cost result ; Allocation efficiency

效率；技术效率；成本结果；配置效率

There are two typical ideas for solving subject reconstruction inside and outside our country. One is the denationalization of property rights, that is, if the enterprise is denationalized, the efficiency will follow. The other is the idea of competition . It thinks that denationalization is not directly connected with the efficiency of enterprises while competition is the key point. The enterprises can gain efficiency only through forming competitve market mechanism.

国内外对解决市场主体重构有二种典型的观点，一种是产权私有化观点；就是说只要进行私有化，企业的效率就随之而来；另一种是竞争论，认为私有化与企业效率没有直接联系，而竞争化才是关键，只有形成具有竞争化市场机制，企业就会获得效率。

To accelerate the widespread of Synchronous Chip Seal and improve the operation quality of Synchronous Chipsealer, key techniques which influence the operation quality is studied detailedly, including the control of distributing quality, the dynamics characteristics of hydraulic system and the spray characteristics of asphalt nozzle of Synchronous Chipsealer.1 The factors which influence Synchronous Chip Seal quality are studied. Fiducial probability of simultaneous distribution density is advised to be used in evaluating the distribution bias and standard deviation of asphalt and aggregates simultaneously, which is more advanced than the single index evaluation method used before.2 The volume efficiency formula of asphalt pump is revised after analyzing the data of volume efficiency with mathematical statistics, which is helpful to match the asphalt spray system and control the flow out of asphalt pump accurately. With equation deduction and experiment, dynamic of hydraulic system used in Synchronous Chipsealer is studied, which lay the theory foundation on improving the stability and efficiency from design and controlling.4 Simulation on hydraulic system used in Synchronous Chipsealer is done with AMESim; the results indicate that multi-circle parallel connected hydraulic system with constant pressure power is better than that with load-sensing pressure power at present, because the latter will oscillate when the multi circles work at the same time. This conclusion has been proved during the debug of Synchronous Chipsealer.5 Asphalt nozzle characteristics, such as flat jet shape, flow distribution, are studied with experiment, the results indicate that cross quality of asphalt distributing is not increased linearly follow the increase of fan overlap level, the best point usually exists between two whole overlap level, asphalt distributing quality is better than±4% at the 2.5 overlap level, meets the superior specified in standard; The distribution quality of Synchronous Chipsealer can be increased by spray asphalt of different flow rang with nozzle of different diameter

为了加快同步碎石封层技术的推广，提高同步碎石封层设备的作业质量，本文对同步碎石封层设备作业质量的影响因素与控制方法、液压系统的动力学特性和沥青喷嘴的喷洒特性等关键技术进行了深入细致的研究：1研究了影响同步碎石封层作业质量的因素，提出了采用联合密度分布置信概率对同步碎石封层中沥青洒布量和碎石撒布量的系统偏差和标准差指标进行综合评价的方法，克服了传统评价方法只能对单一指标进行评价的缺陷；2采用数理统计的方法，研究了沥青泵的容积效率特性，修正了沥青泵容积效率公式，为沥青喷洒系统的匹配和沥青泵出口流量的精确控制提供了依据；采用数理方程推导与试验相结合的方法，研究了同步碎石封层设备液压系统的动力学特性，为从设计和控制的角度提高同步碎石封层设备液压系统的稳定性和效率奠定了理论基础；3运用AMESim软件对采用负载敏感控制和恒压控制的两种同步碎石封层设备液压系统进行仿真，结果表明：负载敏感控制的并联液压系统在多回路同时工作时，由于液压泵排量控制参考压力不稳定，容易引发液压系统振荡，恒压控制的并联液压系统是目前技术条件下比较理想的同步碎石封层设备工作装置驱动方案；该结论亦通过同步碎石封层设备装机试验得到了验证。4采用试验的方法对沥青喷嘴的喷洒特性进行了研究，结果表明：沥青洒布的横向精度并不是随着喷洒扇面重叠度的增加线性增加，其最高点通常出现在二个重叠度之间的"半重叠位置"，"2.5重叠"洒布时，沥青的横向洒布精度≤±4%，可以达到国家相关标准中的优级标准；同步碎石封层设备还可以根据不同洒布量情况下的流量需求，采用不同通径的喷嘴进行喷洒，提高沥青洒布精度。

With the utilization of global efficiency model, a new efficiency evaluation model with electric distance matrix is proposed, and the efficiency of east and central China power grid is evaluated.

引入了复杂网络效能模型，提出了基于电气距离矩阵的效能评估方法，对我国华东电网和华中电网在连锁故障中的效能变化进行了仿真分析。

Dredging grab is a very important component of dredger, the enhancement of its working efficiency, will be helpful to the dredging efficiency directly, and also will enhance the capability and working efficiency of the dredger, this is meaningful to the dredging industry.

作为挖泥船的重要组成部分之一疏浚抓斗的挖掘效率的提高，将从源头上影响挖掘的效率，提高挖泥船的工作能力和效率，这对于疏浚有着现实的意义。

Some conclusions are followed:(1)the reaction ratio of boron is 12% in primary combustion;(2)the degree of agglomeration can be decreased adopting boron coated with AP;(3)the content of oxygen is very important for afterburning efficiency;(4)the afterburning efficiency will be changed with different air-gas ratio;(5)the head distance of after-burning chamber is increasing, the circumfluence in the head of after-burning chamber is stronger and the distribution of fuel backward the after-burning chamber is more well-proportioned.(6)the combustion efficiency of DR will be improved by increasing the area of fuel nozzle.(7)the angle between dual air-inlets have complex influence with the combustion of DR.

通过本项研究，取得如下结论：（1）一次燃烧硼反应比例在12～15％之间；（2）AP包覆硼，可以降低硼结团度，有利于一次燃烧喷射效率的提高，也有利于硼在补燃室进行二次燃烧；（3）进气空气中的氧含量对二次燃烧非常重要；（4）对于一定配方的含硼富燃推进剂，不同的空燃比，二次燃烧效率不同；（5）补燃室头部距离的增加能增强补燃室头部回流以及提高燃料在补燃室后段分布的均匀性；（6）在一定范围内，增加一次燃气喷嘴面积能提高冲压发动机燃料的燃烧效率；（7）进气道夹角对补燃室内燃料的燃烧影响复杂。

The test results show that, the drag bar pull and efficiency coefficient is increasing with the wheel width and diameter. The draw bar pull increased with the rug height, but the efficiency coefficient reduces when the slip radio is bigger than 20%. The draw bar pull and efficiency coefficient will reduce with the rug distribution incereases when the rug distribution is more than 20%.

结果表明，当增大驱动轮宽度和直径时，其挂钩牵引力和效率系数都呈增大趋势；增大驱动轮的轮刺高度，挂钩牵引力增大；当滑转率小于20%时，效率系数随着轮刺高度的增大而增大，而当滑转率大于20%时，效率系数随着轮刺高度的增大而减小；增大驱动轮轮刺密度时，其挂钩牵引力和效率系数随之先增大后减小。

The left ventricular meets the optimal efficiency principle at systolic state,we utilize the differ-ential geometry and differentiable dynamics to analyse the model and inverts it to the linear space for optimal control theory solution of optimal efficiency of ejective blood-flow which meets the physiology of optimal efficiency.

结果 在左心室的收缩最优效率原则时候，可应用微分几何与微分动力学数学分析法，将模型转换为线性空间下最优控制理论求得射血流量。

A 3 factorial pot experiment, with 2 phosphorus levels, 3 soil water contents and 4 winter wheat cultivars was designed to compare the P efficiency, P uptake efficiency and P use efficiency of different cultivars at Olsen P 3 2 mg·kg 1 of soil, and as influenced by soil water content.

选用在土壤磷水平为 5～ 7mg P.kg- 1土的条件下筛选出来的不同磷效率的 4个冬小麦品种，采用盆栽试验研究了有效磷为 3.2 m g P.kg- 1土时的磷效率、磷吸收效率、磷利用效率及土壤水分对这些指标的影响。

Don not attempt to do something which you can not to do.

不要企图做那些办不到的事情。

The expression of CTGF and TNF-αweredetected by immunochemistry and the number of Clara Cells was calculated.

光镜下观察肺组织的病理变化，采用免疫组化染色观察肺组织中结缔组织生长因子和肿瘤坏死因子-α的表达和Clara细胞的数量。