查询词典 dynamic equilibrium

In this method, an interim variable is defined by combining one variable of each subsystem. The interim variable is used to construct the sliding-mode function and the total control law can be derived to guarantee the equilibrium point is reachable in finite time. Using LaSalle invariance theorem, it can be proved further that the equilibrium field only includes one equilibrium point and the equilibrium point is asymptotically stable.

该方法将各个子系统的一个变量进行组合定义成一个中间变量，然后从这个中间变量出发构造滑模函数，通过求取总的控制量保证中间变量在有限时间内收敛到平衡点；进一步利用LaSalle不变性原理证明该收敛域内只有一个平衡点且是渐近稳定的。

Based on the theory of supermodular games, existence of pure strategy Nash equilibrium was proved, characteristics of the equilibrium were analyzed, and the existing conditions of unique equilibrium were also presented. In addition, by static comparison, the change rule of equilibrium price along with the change of the parameters were summarized.

引入了超模博弈理论，证明了零售商间的价格竞争一定存在纯策略纳什均衡，分析了均衡结果的一些特点，给出了存在唯一均衡价格的条件，并通过比较静态分析，得出了零售商定价随契约参数变化的规律。

According to the existing hours of this lesson, we mainly explain rudimentary knowledge relevant to inorganic chemistry, including colligative property of diluted solution and four balances (Acid-base equilibrium, precipitate-dissolve equilibrium, oxidize-reduce equilibrium and coordinate equilibrium) and two structures (atomic structure, molecular structure ).

从而为后续分析化学，有机化学，物理化学及相关专业课程的学习打下必要的基础。因此，根据现有的实际课时数，主要讲解有关的基础知识。包括稀溶液依数性和四大平衡(酸碱平衡，沉淀-溶解平衡，氧化-还原平衡，配位平衡)，二大结构。

The main creating aspects are finding and clarify such a fundamental physical process that the grain boundaries emit vacancies under compressive stress to induce solute non-equilibrium grain boundary dilution and absorb vacancies under tensile stress to induce non-equilibrium grain boundary segregation, formulizing the structural equations and the composition equations in force equilibrium in grain bounary region to describe this physical processes and the kinetic equations for non-equilibrium grain boundary segregation under tensile stress, calculating the modulus in grain boundary region from the expermental data of grain bounday segregation using the structure and coposition equations and calculating the diffusion coefficients of vacancy-solute atom complexes using the kinetic equation simulating the experimental results of grain boundary segregation.

本项目的主要创新点是，发现并阐明了弹性应力场作用下空位与晶界交互作用的基本物理过程：在张应力作用下，晶界会吸收空位，引起溶质非平衡晶界偏聚；压应力作用下，晶界会发射空位，引起非平衡晶界贫化。建立了描述此物理过程的晶界区力学平衡的结构方程和成分方程；？建立了张应力引起的非平衡晶界偏聚动力学方程？；用晶界区力学平衡的结构方程和成分方程？，首次通过实验测量计算出多晶材料晶界区的弹性模量；通过建立的动力学方程模拟实验结果，首次获得溶质原子－空位形成的复合体的扩散系数。

Based on the traditional mechanical model the buble point method of three diagonal matrix, an neural network model of gas-liquid equilibrium computation for liquid air, which makes system presure P and equilibrium component of liquid phrase x1,x2,x3 as input nodes makes system temperature T, equilibrium component of gas nitrogen y1, equilibrium constant of argon and oxygen k2, k3 as output nodes, insteads of the buble point computation of the three diagonal matrix , thus a improved distillation model is built.

在传统的机理模型三对角矩阵法中的泡点法基础上，将体系压力P，平衡液相组成x1， x2， x3 为输入节点体系温度T ，平衡汽相氮组成y1 及氩、氧的相平衡常数k2， k3 为输出节点的神经网络液体空气汽液平衡计算模型，取代三对角矩阵法中泡点计算，从而建立改进的精馏塔模型改进模型用于空分塔的模拟计算，不仅计算速度快，计算结果与机理模型结果非常接近，且符合设计要求，对实现产品质量的在线监控具有一定的指导意义

Through analysis of Walras' general equilibrium system in simple economy and extended economy contained capitals,this article points out that the system of Warlras' general equilibrium which claimed itself to be one of the pillars of Neoclassical theories contains a series of logical contradictions.The discussion indicates that such equilibrium,only connecting to the barter economy within different rates of profits,is not a sort of general equilibrium in monetary economy aiming to get the general rate of profit under the real capitalist competitive economic relationships.

通过对瓦尔拉斯一般均衡体系由简单的生产交换经济到扩大的包含资本形成方程在内的经济体系的分析，指出一直标榜为现代主流新古典理论支柱之一的瓦尔拉斯一般均衡体系内部存在着一系列逻辑矛盾，从而表明它描述的只是一种差别利息率下的实物经济一般均衡，而并不是现实资本主义经济关系下为获取统一利润率竞争的货币经济均衡。

The static model of torsion joint is based on that of bending joint. The effects of structure parameters inside air pressure, initial angle, rube average radius, rube shell thickness on the turning angle are analyzed and the following conclusions are drawn: the relationship between the angle of torsion joint and the inside air pressure is basically linear, the angle of torsion joint increases with the initial angle and rube average radius, the angle of torsion joint decreases while the rube shell thickness increases. The kinetic equation is built for torsion joint. Simulating experiment implies that the time of inflating and deflating process is extremely shorter than that of kinetic process. So the pneumatic process can be ignored in actual system design and control. The factors that affect the dynamic features of torsion joint, such as shell thickness of rubber tube, average radius, initial angle, connector's outlet area, moment of inertia and viscous damping coefficient, are analyzed and the following conclusions are drawn: the change of rube shell thickness has no effects on the dynamic process of FPA inside air pressure while greatly affects the turning angle of torsion joint; when the rube shell thickness is small, the torsion joint has a bigger turning angle, no overshoot and long risetime, when the shell thickness is big, the turning angle of torsion joint is small, but has high response speed, overshoot and low shock; when the rube average radius increases, the turning angle of torsion joint increases and the overshoot increases too; when the initial angle of torsion joint is big, the turning joint is big, the overshoot is small and shock is low, but the risetime is big; the connector's outlet area affects the dynamic process of FPA inside air pressure greatly, but has no effects on the dynamic process of turning angle; moment of inertia and viscous damping coefficient have no effects on the dynamic process of FPA inside air pressure, but affect the dynamic process of turning angle greatly.

在弯曲关节模型推导的基础上，建立扭转关节的静态模型，并分析了扭转关节内腔压力，初始转角，橡胶管平均半径，橡胶管壁厚等参数对关节转角的影响，得出扭转关节的转动角度与充入FPA内腔的压缩气体压力之间基本呈线性关系，扭转关节的转角随初始角度和橡胶管平均半径的增大而增大，扭转关节的转角随橡胶管壁厚的增大而减小的结论；建立了扭转关节的动力学方程，仿真实验表明FPA的充放气过程与扭转关节的动力学过程相比时间极短，在实际系统设计和控制过程中可以忽略不计；分析讨论橡胶管壁厚，平均半径，初始角度，气体节流口面积，转动惯量，粘性阻尼系数等因素对扭转关节动态特性的影响，得出橡胶管初始壁厚的变化对扭转关节FPA内腔压力的动态响应几乎没有影响而对关节转角的响应曲线影响比较明显，壁厚较小时，关节可以得到较大的转角，并且转角的响应曲线没有超调，但上升时间长，壁厚较大时，关节转角变小，响应加快，但是有超调和轻微振荡现象，橡胶管平均半径越大，得到的关节转角越大，但是转角响应的超调量也随之增大，FPA的初始角度越大，关节的转角越大，并且超调量减小，振荡减弱，但是上升时间增大，管接头出口面积的大小对关节FPA内腔压力的建立过程影响较大，但对关节转角的动态响应几乎没有影响，转动惯量和粘性阻尼系数对FPA内腔压力的动态过程几乎没有影响而对扭转关节转角有较大影响等结论。

The results indicate that its dynamic stress-strain curve is hyperbolic type. The dynamic strain of LCES decreases with increasing confining pressure, cement content, curing ages and cyclic loading frequency when it is subjected to the same dynamic stress. At the same dynamic strain, the dynamic secant elastic modulus E_(sec of LCES increases and the damping ratio decreases with increasing confining pressure, cement content, curing ages and cyclic loading frequency. The curves ofσ_d～ε_d,E_～ε_d and D～ε_d with different EPS content intersect respectively, the trend of LCES deformation characteristic is inversely proportional to EPS content near the intersection. The value of dynamic strain at the intersection is about 0.5%~3.0%, the magnitude of which is related to the mixing proportions and confining pressure.

试验结果表明，LCES的动应力应变骨干曲线形态符合双曲线；在相同的动应力作用下，LCES产生的动应变随着固结压力、水泥掺量、试样养护龄期和振动频率的增大而减小；在动应变相同的情况下，随着固结压力、水泥掺量、试样养护龄期和振动频率的增大，LCES的动模量增大而阻尼比减小；随着加载次数的增大，LCES的动模量在开始阶段显著降低，然后趋于稳定，但当加载次数达到几百次时，动模量又有增大的趋势；不同EPS掺入比的LCES的动应力应变骨干曲线、动模量随应变变化曲线和阻尼比随应变变化曲线都发生了相交，交点前后EPS掺入比的大小对LCES动力变形特性的影响趋势是截然相反的，交点处的动应变值一般在0.5％～3.0％范围内变化，其大小与LCES的配比以及固结压力有关。

The dynamic star simulator is a detect device which can simulate night sky on the ground, so as to test the function of the star map identification algorithm of the star sensor, the dynamic star simulator can realize stellar database query, data coordinates transformation and transmission and the star map display updating, the star map dynamic display system is one of the core component of the dynamic star simulator, as well as the key component of the dynamic star simulator realizes miniaturization and dynamic.

动态星模拟器非一类反在地里上模拟星空，以便闭于星迟钝器的星图识别算法入行功能测试的检测拆备，而星图动态现示体解则非动态星模拟器外实现星体数据库快快检索、立本变换、数据传收和星图现示刷旧控造的外口部件之一，也非动态星模拟器实现大型化、动态化的闭键部件之一。

The thesis mainly includes: According to crane dynamic theory, established relevant dynamic model, and analyzed the dynamic properties of the bridge structure of the bridge crane, including the natural frequency, the model shape and the dynamic stress. A way to analyse the dynamic response of the bridge structure of the bridge crane which takes into account the dynamic properties of the steel rope pulley block has been explored successfully.

本文基于有限元理论和起重机动力学理论，以有限元分析软件ANSYS为平台，实现了计算机对钢丝绳系统和桥架的模态分析和瞬态动力学分析，得到的分析数据和结论对桥式起重机动态设计提供了有效的手段，论文主要内容包括：根据起重机动力学理论，建立了相关动力学模型，并对桥架结构进行动态性能分析（包括固有频率、振型以及动应力）的分析，探索出一种考虑钢丝绳滑轮组的动态特性在内的桥式起重机桥架结构动态应力分析的方法。

Foods high in this vitamin include oily fish such as salmon, tuna and, and fish liver oils.

维生素D含量高的食物包括诸如大麻哈鱼、金枪鱼和鲭鱼之类的油鱼以及鱼肝油。

We need you to cosign our public letter demanding that press intimidation cease immediately, and that all charges be dropped.

我们需要您cosign我们的公共信，要求记者立即停止恐吓，并要求所有收费下降。