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It's found that the aromatic dinitro compounds can be monoreduced to nitroanilines in high selectivity, aromatic nitro compounds and muti-cycle aromatic nitro compounds can be quantitively reduced to the corresponding amine by selenium catalyst with CO/H2O in polar aprotic solvents under atmospheric pressure using medical inorganic bases as co-catalysts.

在实验的基础上提出了对硒催化CO/H_2O还原芳香硝基化合物机理的一些粗浅认识。

As an artificial enzyme, it can be optimized by changing the diphenylmethane units or bridging chains or by chemical modification of hydrophobic cavities to form new host compounds. Different host compounds can recognize different guest compounds to become an supramolecular system.

不同的主体化合物能俘获不同种类的客体分子，与客体形成超分子体系，对不同反应底物进行络合和催化，达到有选择性地控制反应，提高反应速率，模拟酶促反应和分子识别的目的。

Preliminary antitumor activity in vitro of the new compounds indicated that the compounds have obvious inhibitory effect on human leukaemia cell (HL-60) and human galactophore cancer cell (MDA-MB-468) in the concentration of 10-4 mol/L. This result is a basis for further study on the synthesis and biological activity of this kind of compounds.

对所合成的10个新化合物进行了抗肿瘤体外生物活性试验，初步生物活性实验结果表明，该类化合物在浓度为10-4 mol/L时对人白血病细胞株(HL-60)和人乳腺癌细胞株(MDA-MB-468)有明显的抑制作用，在浓度为10-5 mol/L时没有明显的抑制作用，这一研究结果为进一步研究此类化合物的合成、生物活性的研究奠定了基础。

We select pharmacodynamics index, establish animal model, and carve availability group according to pharmacological experiments. And draw a conclusion that the 60%EtOH extr. is availability group. In this group, 15 compounds have been isolated, 13 are identified, 6 are the first isolation from Galium verum L., 2 are the compounds that no document reports. Most of the compounds are flavonoids, others are organic acid and anthraquinone.

本课题首先选取治疗下肢静脉炎相关的药效学指标，建立动物模型，在药理学实验的基础上，确立大孔树脂60％乙醇洗脱部位为有效部位，继而对该部位进行进一步的化学研究，分离出单体化合物15个，鉴定结构13个，其中有6个是从蓬子菜中首次分离得到，有2个化合物是国内外文献中未见报道的化合物，结构鉴定工作正在进行中。

The results of biological test showed that some of these compounds had good fungicidal activity. The inhibition rate of most compounds to Botrytis cinerea Pers and Gibberella zeae coud reach 50% at the concentration of 50 mg/L. The inhibition rate of two compounds to Botrytis cinereapers were 85%.

同时对6种病原菌进行了生物活性测试，结果表明：在50 mg/L质量浓度下，大部分化合物对黄瓜灰霉病菌和小麦赤霉病菌抑制效果较好，抑制率达50%以上，且优于对照商品醚菌酯；特别是Ⅱh、Ⅱi化合物对黄瓜灰霉病菌抑制率达85%。

The experiments show that one portion of amino organic compounds in the shell is changed to the volatilizable amine and the other portion is transformed to the involatile nitrate after pyrogenation.The organic compounds disappear completely at 600℃.They also show that the aragonite phase of calcium carbonate in pearl shell chang with temperature;the aragonite phase transforms to calcite at 500℃, but some of organic compounds is still residual;and calcium carbonate begins to decompose to calcium oxide at 600℃.

实验发现，贝壳中的氨基酸类有机物热降解后部分以胺的形式挥发出来，另一部分则转化为不可挥发的硝酸盐的形式，600℃有机物完全消失；同时，贝壳碳酸钙的文石晶相随温度而变化，500℃时转变为方解石结构，其中仍有部分有机物残留，600℃开始分解为氧化钙。

The dissertation mainly consists of two parts:1. The Reaction Chemistry of Alkynes under Palladium Catalysis Part 1 studies the reaction α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds with alkenylpalladium intermediate generated by nucleopalladation, and discovered 1 the Pd-catalyzed tandem addition reaction of halides, alkynes and α,β-unsaturated carbonyls,2 the four-component tandem addition reaction of halides, alkynes and α,β-unsaturated carbonyls, 3 the tandem intramolecular oxypalladation-conjugate additionreaction of alkynoic acids with α,β-enals. These new reactions provide notonly efficient highly stereoselective methods for the synthesis of γ,δ-unsaturated,polyunsaturated carbonyl compounds and γ-lactonic aldehydes, but also thebasic transformations for a number of C-C bond formation reactions which can be usedto design synthesis of many acyclic, cyclic or polycyclic compounds.

本论文的主要工作分为两个部分：一、钯催化下炔烃的反应化学在本小组前人工作的基础上，我们详细研究了炔烃亲核钯化产生的烯基钯中间体与α，β-不饱和羰基化合物的反应，发现两价钯催化下卤离子-炔烃-α，β-不饱和醛酮的串联加成反应、卤离子-炔烃-α，β-不饱和醛酮的西组分串联加成及炔酸分子内氧钯化-串联Michael型加成反应；由此发展了γ，δ-不饱和醛酮、多不饱和羰基化合物和带有醛酮基侧链的γ-丁内酯衍生物的高立体选择性合成方法，这一过量卤离子存在下的烯基钯对α，β-不饱和羰基化合物共轭加成反应的发现，为大量碳-碳键形成反应的实现提供了基础，使我们能够从这一基本反应出发，设计和开发多种分子内、分子间的碳碳成键反应，以好的立体、区域选择性组建开链、环状及多环类型的化合物。

The antioxidant activity of some of compounds of extracted from Ligustrum sinens is analyzed. Results show that some compounds have antioxidant activity, and two compounds have strong antioxidant activity.

对女贞小腊的一些化学成分进行的抗氧化实验表明，部分化合物具有较好的抗氧化活性，个别化合物有很强的抗氧化活性。

Combined with GC-MS and GC-FTIR analysis, experimental result showed that bio-oil produced from cellulose mainly composed of LG and HAA, bio-oil from xylan mainly composed of acid compounds and aldehyde compounds, while bio-oil from lignin composed of phenol compounds with different functional groups such as methoxyl group, alkyl group and hydroxyl group. We research the thermal stability of the main product.

结合GC—MS、GC—FTIR分析技术对生物油的组分进行了分析，得出了纤维素热裂解生成的生物油以左旋葡聚糖和乙醇醛为主，木聚糖热裂解得到的生物油主要为酸和糠醛等，木质素热裂解生成的生物油的主要成分苯酚类化合物，并分析了各主要产物的热稳定性。

We have investigated on the chemical constituents of Nepeta partite collected from Gansu Zhuanglang, and twenty eight compounds were isolated from the methanol extraction of this species by chromatography techniques. Twenty five compounds were identified by means of chemical and spectra methods IR, FABMS, EI-MS,〓, DEPT, and 2D NMR）, among which four compounds were new as isopimar-15-en-3β, 8β, 20-triol; phenylethanal-3-O-（2'-glycerin）-5-O-β-D-glucopyranoside; 3-O-linolenoylglyceryl-6'-O-(α-D-galactopyranosyl）-β-D-galactopyranoside; ethyl rosemarinate.

我们对采自甘肃庄浪的康藏荆芥进行了化学成分的研究，利用层析手段从该植物的甲醇浸膏中分离出二十八个化合物，经化学方法和波谱技术（红外，质谱，一维和二维核磁共振谱）鉴定了二十五个化合物的结构，其中四个为新的化合物，它们分别是：异海松-15-烯-3β，8β，20-三醇；苯乙醇-3-O-（2'-甘油基）-5-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙；3-O-亚麻酰基甘油-6'-0--β-D-吡喃半乳糖甙；迷迭香酸乙酯。

I'm strongly against the death penalty — it's an eye for an eye.

我不赞成死刑——这是以牙还牙的报复行为。

And to get you the support you need, we're enlisting all elements of our national power: our diplomacy and development, our economic might and our moral suasion, so that you and the rest of our military do not bear the burden of our security alone.

并给你们所须的支援，我们正徵召国家所有各种的力量：我们的外交及发展，我们的经济力量与道德劝说，所以你们与其他军人不须要孤独地负起国家安全的责任。