查询词典 approximation methods in physics

The first section is to introduce some corresponding basic definiens and properties on the fractional calculous. The rest of the chapter is to present solving methods for the approximation solutions of the nonlinear fractional differential equations and their application.

首先介绍了本章涉及到的分数微积分的定义及其性质，然后介绍了非线性分数阶微分方程近似求解的方法及其应用。

In this paper,the authors give a strict proof of geometric Brown motion displayed by stock prices using the methods of approximation from discrete process to continuous stochastic process.

通过由一般的离散过程逼近连续随机过程的方法，给予证券价格按有漂移率的几何布朗运动变化的一个严格的证明，并指出了股票价格过程的一般模型

Among these methods, it is surprising that few if any fundamental treatments of decoherence exist that include the dynamics of disentanglement with better than the Markovian approximation or phenomenological tradition.

所以研究环境对量子系统的影响，以便减缓环境对其包围下的量子系统的耗散、退相干、退纠缠等负面作用，就成为当今非常重要的课题。

Two methods for DOA estimation, Signal Subspace Approximation and Signal Eigenvector Decomposition , are presented.

提出了DOA估计的信号子空间近似和信号特征向量分解两种方法。

Papers analyzed the management flexibility and value of mining engineering, and set up the model of value of a developed mine,value of an undeveloped mine and value of an exploration project under the conditions of uncertainty with the theory of real option,and worked out the solution of model above-mentioned through three numerical methods,i.e.the Fig Tree,finite difference approximation and Monte Carlo simulation.

论文最后研究了矿业工程中的管理灵活性及其价值，运用实物期权方法分别建立了不确定条件下矿业生产阶段、开发阶段和详查、普查、预查阶段的矿业投资评价模型，并运用二叉树图、有限差分逼近和Monte Carlo模拟三种数值方法对所建模型进行了求解，同时通过实例对论文的研究结果进行了佐证。

Jacobian, Hessian Matrix Properties, Sensitivity Analysis w.r.t Design Variables, Fixed Parameters and Constraints, Normalization, Finite Difference Approximation, Automatic Differentiation, ANOVA, Adjoint Methods, Examples

Jacobian， Hessian矩阵属性，灵敏度分析w.r.t设计变量，固定参数和约束，归一化，有限差分逼近算法，自动差分算法，ANOVA，伴随矩阵法，举例

Calculus can be used to find approximate solutions to equations, in methods such as Newton's method , fixed point iteration , and linear approximation .

积分可以用来寻找近似解方程，在方法，如牛顿法，不动点迭代和线性近似。

These methods utilize successive approximation of initial problem by linear or quadratic problem.

这些方法，利用逐次逼近的首要问题线性或者二次的问题。

Pair approximation and moment methods have the advantages of overcoming analytical intractability of computer simulation and building a spatially stochastic model.

其优点是可以系统地进行数学分析处理，克服了空间模拟耗时和随机性带来的缺陷。

Results show that radial basis function and point interpolation methods possess Kronecker Delta function property, but the robustness is poor in some cases; the MLS approximation function does not possess Kronecker Delta function property, but it has good robustness. Differences among the three discretization schemes of meshless method are as follows:the collocation method requires no numerical integration and very little computational time while its robustness is poor; Galerkin method is not a truly meshless method due to the background meshes required for integration; the Petrov-Galerkin method is a truly meshless method and need numerical integration in each sub-domain, so it needs more computational time.

分析结果显示：径向基函数和点插值法均具有d 函数属性，但计算稳定性差；移动最小二乘近似函数不具有d 函数属性，但计算比较稳定；无网格方法中的3种离散方法不同之处在于：配点法不需要积分，计算量小，计算稳定性差；Galerkin方法需要借助背景网格进行积分，它不是真正的无网格方法；Petrov-Galerkin方法，是一种真正的无网格方法，它需要对每个子域进行积分，计算工作量较大。

What was it that made you want to change sider ?

是什么使你临阵倒戈？

I don't know what he wants, but let's play along with him.

我不知道他要干什么，可我