鼓膜

Type II tympanoplasty: When incus and malleus were eroded off with normal stapes, bone cortex was fixed to the head of stapes in order to make the stapes connect to the artificial tympanic membrane.

型镫骨加高术：镫骨正常，镫骨以外的听骨腐损，在镫骨头上固定骨皮质，使镫骨加高与人工鼓膜相接。

Review articles only; ear; acoustic; hearing loss; deafness; ototoxicity; otorhinolaryngeal; vestibulocochlear; cochlea; sound; bioacoustics; organ of Corti; semicircular canals; cochlear implants; binaural; monaural; tympanic; malleus; incus; stapes; ear drum; geniculate; inner ear hair cells; outer hair cells; round window; oval window

唯一综述；听觉；声学的；听力损失聋的；耳毒性；otorhinolaryngeal；前庭蜗；耳蜗；声音；生物声学的；柯替氏器；半规管；耳蜗植入管；两耳的；单耳的；鼓膜的；锤骨；砧骨；镫骨；耳鼓；膝状的；内耳毛细胞；外毛细胞；圆窗；卵圆窗

Ear; acoustic; hearing loss; deafness; ototoxicity; otorhinolaryngeal; vestibulocochlear; cochlea; sound; bioacoustics; organ of Corti; semicircular canals; cochlear implants; binaural; monaural; tympanic; malleus; incus; stapes; ear drum; geniculate; inner ear hair cells; outer hair cells; round window; oval window

听觉；声学的；听力损失；聋的；耳毒性；otorhinolaryngeal；前庭蜗；耳蜗；声音；生物声学的；柯替氏器；半规管；耳蜗植入管；两耳的；单耳的；鼓膜的；锤骨；砧骨；stapes；耳鼓；膝状的；内耳毛细胞；外毛细胞；圆窗；卵圆窗

The prevalence of tympanic membrane invagination was 15% and 47.5% respectively for 2 kPa /50 s and 4 kPa/50 s.

2kPa/50s"和"4kPa/50s两种情况下，鼓膜产生内陷或略内陷的发生率分别为15%和47.5%。

Results:① The distance between handle of malleus and stapes head was(2.38±0.19)cm(2.00～2.70cm), the point selecting for measuring was outer margin of handle of malleus and stpes head.②The cross section form of one_third of the handle of malleus at the end, was triangle, the anteroposterior diameter of handle of malleus was(0.79±0.12)mm, the exterior and interior diameter was(0.58±0.10)mm at the crook point,the angle of line of manubrium mallei laid(83.24±8.33)°(66～98°)posteroinferior to arch of zygoma.③The long axis of prosthesis formed(27.60±1.75)°(24.6～30.2°)angle with the perpendicular of stapes.④The dependablity between the malleus_stapes distance and transverse diameter of tympanum, the location of umbo in tympanic membrane, the diameter of manubrium mallei, angle of line of manubrium mallei and arch of zygoma were not statistically significant.

结果：①锤_镫距离最短为(2.38±0.19)cm(2.00～2.70cm)，测量点为锤骨柄末端1/3处外缘和镫骨头；②锤骨柄末段1/3横断面形状接近三角形，弯曲处前、后方向直径为(0.79±0.12)mm，内、外方向直径为(0.58±0.10)mm；锤骨柄与颞线的成角为(83.24±8.33)°(66～98°)；③赝复物长轴与镫骨垂直方向成角平均为(27.60±1.75)°(24.6～30.2°)；④锤_镫距离与鼓室横径、鼓脐在鼓膜上的位置、锤骨柄直径、锤骨柄的方位的可能相关因素之间相关性检验无统计学意义。

Methods A total of 18 radical mastoidectomy cases between June, 1996 and June, 2006 were analyzed, and the relationship between pathological characteristics, operation-performing features as well as dressing change after the operation and the phenomenon of tympanic membrane regeneration and healing were studied.

回顾性分析笔者1987年5月至2006年4月所做46例乳突根治手术及术后21例发生鼓室自然成形病例的资料，研究其病理特点、手术操作特点及术后换药特点等与术后鼓膜再生愈合现象的关系。

Objective To observe the morphosis of traumatic tympanic membrane perforation at acute stage and analyze the influencing factors of surgical intervention.

目的 观察外伤性鼓膜穿孔急性期穿孔形态并分析急性期外科干预的影响因素。

Objective To research the neoplasty opportunity for perforation of ear drum by knocking.

目的 研究爆震致鼓膜穿孔的修补时机。

The acoustic sensibility was elevated and the descended abruptly in 3 ears after operation, the drum membrane separated with ossicles in 1 ear, the ossicle detached from oval window in 1 ear, the dislocation of malleus and stirrup in 1 ear.

术后听力提高后又突然下降3耳，其中1耳为重建听小骨与鼓膜分开，1耳为重建听小骨与卵圆窗分开，1耳为锤镫关节脱位，再次手术后听力均明显提高。2耳因胆脂瘤术后面瘫，CT示面神经管鼓室段缺损，再次手术后面瘫症状逐渐消失，但听力与术前相似。

Objective To analyze the membrane tube secretory otitis media in adult patients.

目的 分析鼓膜置管对成人分泌性中耳炎的疗效。

Methods: Five patients with parkinsonism or dystonia were assigned to general anesthesia using an modified endotracheal tube.

本实验依照人体实验之相关规定进行，五位患有帕金森氏症或肌张力异常的病人接受神经立体定位手术。

If you can benefit from this book, it is our honour.

如果您能从本书获益，这将是我们的荣幸。