雄蕊的

Besides, the physiological significance of androecium or gynoecium abortion was discussed. In the evolution of long period of time, the aborted androecium or gynoecium "scrap" could be used by the same flower to offer energy and substance for flower development.

另外，探讨了雌蕊或雄蕊败育的生理意义，在长期的进化中，败育的雌蕊或雄蕊"废物"重新被利用，为同一花中迅速发育的雌蕊或雄蕊提供能量和物质的需求。

We explore these questions in Legume model system, Lotus japonicus. Compared with model plants Antirrhinum and Arabidopsis, floral pattern formation of Lotus japonicus is different in several aspects. Floral organs initiate in an order of sepals, carpel, petals, stamens. Within each whorl, organs initiate unidirectionally from ventral side to dorsal side. Initiation of organs in different whorl overlaps. Stamens exist in both 2nd whorl and 3rd whorl, and 2nd whorl is heterogeneous for the existence of different identity organs .

与模式植物金鱼草和拟南芥相比，豆科模式植物百脉根的花模式建成有其特殊性：一、花器官从腹部向背部单向起始；二、器官起始顺序是萼片—心皮—花瓣—雄蕊；三、不同轮的器官起始时间相互重叠；四、相同属性的器官出现在不同轮中；五、第二轮不均一，出现不同属性的花器官；六、花瓣和雄蕊不单独起始，而是经过了短暂的花瓣—雄蕊共同原基的阶段。

The floral primordium is initially circular, along with the edge of which slight concaves occur. The outmost whorl of tepal primordia arises as a result of apical meristem division and the floral primordium then is in the shape of triangle. Two further whorls of tepal primordia arise in spiral acropetal sequence and are alternately arranged. When the innermost whorl of tepal primordia is at the late developmental stage, the foremost stamen primordia arise almost simultaneously in spiral acropetal succession and all of the stamen primordia are ultimately arranged in a triangle-cone form. Late in stamen primordium development, carpel primordia arise as same as the young stamen primordia and grow laterally. Grooves are present on the adaxial side of each carpel and develop into ventral sutures gradually closing up.

观光木的花原基最初为近圆形，随着顶端分生组织的活动，花原基边缘处出现浅凹，形成第一轮花被片原基，此时，花原基呈三角形排列，后两轮花被片原基依次发生，与前一轮互生；在内轮花被片发生的后期，最初几枚雄蕊原基几乎同时出现，呈螺旋状向顶发生，最后排列成三角圆锥状；雄蕊原基发育后期，心皮原基开始发育，形状与发育初期的雄蕊原基相似，随后心皮原基进行侧向生长，在近轴面出现浅凹，进而发育为凹槽，形成腹缝线，最后腹缝线完全愈合。

This result suggested that Al protein was the endemic in normal development stamens and maybe a produce of specific gene in anther tapetum, and B1 protein affected the development of stamens in female flower and maybe a important protein leading contabescence.

通过分析初步推测A1点是雄蕊正常发育特有的，可能是花药绒毡层特异基因表达的产物，B1 点可能是影响雌花中雄蕊正常发育，导致雄蕊败育的一种重要蛋白。

Petals 5, red. Stamens 15, in 5 groups of 3 alternating with staminodes, connate at base into tube; staminodes 5, nearly as long as petals; anther 2-celled, extrorse.

花瓣5，红色。雄蕊15，成5组每组3，与退化雄蕊互生，在基部合生为筒部的；退化雄蕊5，近等长花瓣；花药2室，外向。

Stamens numerous, rarely few, free; filaments linear or filiform; anthers latrorse, introrse, or extrorse; sometimes some sterile stamens becoming staminodes.

雄蕊多，有的很少，离生；花丝线形或者丝状；花药侧向纵裂的，向内，或者外向；有时一些不育的雄蕊成为退化雄蕊。

Male flowers: sepals 5 or 6, free, imbricate, sometimes glandular abaxially; petals absent; disk extrastaminal or intrastaminal, annular or dissected; stamens 6-60, free; anthers longitudinally dehiscing; pistillode absent.

雄花L 萼片5或6，离生，覆瓦状，有时具腺背面；花瓣无；花盘雄蕊外的或雄蕊内，环状的或多裂；雄蕊6-60，离生；花药纵向开裂；无退化雌蕊。

Stamens 15 in 5 groups of 3; filaments fused to ovary stipe to form androgynophore, upper part widening to enclose ovary; anthers sessile, usually in very congested head, 2-celled; staminodes 5, toothlike, minute.

雄蕊15枚成5 组每组3枚；花丝愈合到子房果柄形成雌雄蕊柄，上半部分加宽成包围子房；无柄的花药，通常成密集头状花序，2室；退化雄蕊5，齿状，小。

Female flowers: androgynophore very short, staminodes at top of androgynophore in whorl around base of carpels.

雌花：雌雄蕊柄非常短，退化雄蕊在雌雄蕊柄的顶端沿心皮基部轮生。

Petals white, ovate-elliptic, shallowly boat-shaped, ca. 4 mm. Stamens 6; fertile stamens 3, anterior; staminodes 3, with shorter filaments.

花瓣白色，卵状椭圆形，浅舟状，约4毫米雄蕊6；能育的雄蕊3，前面；退化雄蕊3，带有更短的花丝。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。