选择函数

Provable Security is a formal method for proving the security of cryptographic schemes, in which the difficulty of breaking a particular scheme is formally related to that of solving a widely believed computational hard problem. Provable security has already become an important theme of theoretical researches in modern cryptography. This dissertation investigates the provable security of public-key encryptions and hybrid encryptions of asymmetric and symmetric encryptions. This includes the various formal security notions and the constructions can be proved to achieve them. Among the constructions, hybrid encryptions are themselves an important way to obtain public-key encryption schemes with chosen ciphertext security. The main results are as follows:(1) The one-wayness of the trapdoor one-way function in NTRU depends on the randomness of the session key, which is different from previous ones. Based on this observation, a new kind of trapdoor one-way function, trapdoor one-way functions with an auxiliary random variable is proposed.

可证明安全性是一种证明密码学方案安全性的形式化方法，它将密码学方案的安全性归约为公认的计算难题，已成为现代密码学领域中理论工作的主线，本文主要研究公钥加密与单双钥混合加密的可证明安全性，这包括它们的各种形式化安全性定义以及达到这些安全性定义的方案构造，而单双钥混合加密本身也是一种构造选择密文安全公钥加密的重要方法，本文得到的主要结果如下：(1)在研究NTRU公钥加密的特殊性基础上，对于公钥加密的陷门单向函数加密模型进行了扩展，提出了具有辅助陷门单向函数的概念，并将其扩展到多元的情况，讨论了可能的密码学用途。

But,it is still a problem to find the two parameters of the Beta function for an input image to be adaptively enhanced.

Tubbs通过使用规则化Beta函数拟合对比度变换曲线，能实现图像对比度的自适应变换；但使用该方法需确定Beta函数的两个参数，其参数的自适应选择仍是一个较为复杂的问题。

Compared with the FFT-based computation to CAF, the presented method can scan the target only in certain circular sector instead of the whole ambiguity plane, which may decrease the computational load.

与基于FFT计算互模糊函数的方法相比，采用这种方法的优点是在检测目标时可以只扫描某个环形扇区而不用计算整个模糊平面，减小了计算量；另外，由于在计算互模糊函数时极角和极径的取样间隔可以任意选择，突破了时域采样间隔的限制，可在时延和频移上均得到高精度估计。

The algorithm shapes the closed-loop gain without selecting weighting functions in H∞ control algorithm. Its core is to determine the final shape of the transfer function of the closed-loop system, the robust PID controller is directly constructed using parameters having engineering sense. The algorithm guarantees fundamentally that the designed controller has fine control performance and robustness.

该算法避免了常规H∞控制算法中权函数的选择而对系统进行闭环增益成形，其核心是确定闭环系统传递函数的最后希望的形状，用闭环系统具有工程意义的参数直接构造出鲁棒PID控制器，从根本上保证了设计出的控制器具有良好的鲁棒性和鲁棒稳定性。

Considering no construction analysis oriented software for long-span space structures exists in the domestic engineering software market in China, a constructionmodule is developed upon the platform of MSTCAD, a famous domestic software for space grid structures design. This will not only enhance the software functions, but also meets the growing domestic demand for construction analysis software.

最后，针对目前国内大跨度空间结构施工分析软件缺乏的现状，在MSTCAD软件平台上增加施工功能的吊装模块，在模块中实现吊装的目标函数满意度选择起吊高度功能和最小应变能法选择吊点布局的功能，并且通过各类吊装参数的预输入给予用户方便快捷的选择，使得MSTCAD软件逐步完善成为国内领先的设计及施工分析软件。

This paper introduces the game theory and sets up, based on it, the choice model for the public transportation priority by identifying the function of the payoff and the muster of attendee and stratagem. In addition, it analyses the existence of NASH equilibrium, and puts forward the arithmetic of Iterated Elimination of Strictly Dominated Strategies in the general condition, the Integrated Strategies in the special condition and the flow chart of the model. At last, it verifies the feasibility of the model with the given example.

本文采用了博弈论的理论，通过对公交优先系统中参与者集合N、战略集合S和收益函数u的确定，建立了一种基于博弈论的公交优先技术方案选择博弈模型来量化方案选择问题；在此基础上分析了NASH均衡的存在性，并且给出了一般情况下的重复剔除劣战略和特殊情况下的混合策略两种模型求解方法以及公交优先技术方案选择博弈模型的流程图；最后通过算例分析，验证了博弈模型应用于公交优先技术方案选择的可行性。

This threshold function has not only overcome incontinuous disadvantage of the hard threshold function, but also solved constant deviation which exists in the soft threshold function, meanwhile the new function needn't selecting parameters.

该阈值函数克服了硬阈值函数值不连续的问题和软阈值函数存在恒定偏差的问题，同时新函数不需要进行参数选择。

By usingthe dynamica l programming method, the optima l investment portfolio andconsumption policies for one kind of typica l utility function case areobtained,then we make numerica l simulation for it and get the numerica lsolution.

然后运用动态规划方法，对于一类特殊的效用函数情形，求出了最优投资组合及消费选择的显性解，并进行数值试验，得出了值函数的近似解，最后将值函数的解析解和数值解进行比较，得到了相对误差示意图。

Relative to the traditional way of predetermining basis functions, basis functions generated by learning algorithms are adapted to image characteristics and hence more efficient in image representation. Basis function-based image representation is currently a frontier research in the field of image processing, involving multiple disciplines such as statistics, geometry, visual physiology etc.

图像信息的描述能力很大程度上取决于基函数的选择，相比传统的预先设定的基函数，通过学习算法获得与图像特性相匹配的基函数能够实现对图像信息更有效的描述。

In game, each player"s utility function not only depends on his own chosen strategy but also depends on other players" chosen strategies. Therefore, game theory is about research on problem of individual choice in the condition of their exterior economy all existing.

在博弈中，每个参与人的效用函数不仅依赖于他自己选择的策略，而且依赖于其他参与人选择的策略，因此，博弈论研究的是在存在相互外部经济条件下的个人选择问题。

I'm strongly against the death penalty — it's an eye for an eye.

我不赞成死刑——这是以牙还牙的报复行为。

And to get you the support you need, we're enlisting all elements of our national power: our diplomacy and development, our economic might and our moral suasion, so that you and the rest of our military do not bear the burden of our security alone.

并给你们所须的支援，我们正徵召国家所有各种的力量：我们的外交及发展，我们的经济力量与道德劝说，所以你们与其他军人不须要孤独地负起国家安全的责任。