转调

ABSTRACT Aiming at problems of trans-vector controller in a vehicle-carried induction motor such as variable rotor and stator resistance following motor temperature, and their inductance varying with flux saturation degrees. Firstly, CSI and VSI are introduced, for CSI, it can hold the advantages both FOC and DTC using stator flux directional, PI parameter and simulation are also introduced. Secondly, equations of IM in the synchronous rotary frame and its static counterpart, as figuring in the saturation condition of magnetic field, are dealt in this paper and the simulation results are presented. Thereafter, the parameter designing of PI trans-vector controller is processed, which features the non-linear model. In practical realization, as neglecting the dynamical change of motor inductance, this paper employs online modification of inductance parameters, according to the flux saturation, then transforms the non-linear equations into linear ones, and so compacts the structure of controller. Thirdly, in view of the maximum torque output is extraordinary requisite when Electrical Vehicle start up, accelerate, and overtake, this paper issues the maximum torque when both inverter and battery capacity is corporeally definite. Fourthly, on-line differentiating and analyzing both rotor's time constants and its flux by using the expanding order reduction and discrete Kalman filter equation are fathomed, in order to realize high-performance trans-vector algorithm, and also the simulation results are presented. Fifthly, the close-loop regenerative brake system, when the EV's torque is set constant, is deduced; at the same time, unification of electric drive model and brake model is executed. Combined with maximum charge current demands, the mathematical model for online yielding torque as a demand.

本论文针对车载异步电机在矢量控制器所遇到的问题：定转子电阻随温度变化及随电机饱和程度变化的转子电感及定子电感而影响电机调速性能提出一套完整的解决方案：分析了电流型逆变器和电压型逆变器在实现矢量控制时控制器参数的计算，分析出对于电流型逆变器在采用定子磁场定向时，其性能同时具有矢量控制和直接转矩控制两者的优势，并对电压型逆变器在转子磁场定向下的模型进行了仿真研究；建立异步电机非线性模型，推导出考虑磁饱和时异步电机在同步旋转坐标系及静止坐标系下的方程，并做出了仿真结果，建立异步电机在非线性模型下的矢量控制调节器的PI参数设计，在实际应用中，若忽略电机电感的动态变化，可以根据当前的磁路饱和状态而在线修正电感参数，从而将非线性方程线性化，降低控制器的复杂度；考虑到电动汽车在起动和加速超车时需要电机有最大转矩输出，本文讨论在逆变器容量一定和电池供电能力有限的情况下电机最大转矩输出问题；推导了异步电机扩展降阶、离散卡尔曼滤波方程在线辨识转子时间常数和转子磁通，用于实现高性能的矢量控制算法，并给出了仿真结果；推导出了电动汽车恒转矩给定的闭环回馈制动系统，实现了电动控制模型和制动模型的统一，而且结合铅酸电池最大充电电流的要求，为制动转矩在线给定建立了数学模型；设计了基于双DSP系统的高性能矢量控制器软硬件框图，并以大量实验数据说明矢量控制在电动汽车应用的实际应用状况。

From the concept of winding inductance、 magnetic linkage and the store coenergy, this paper deduces the quantitative relationship between motor speed, n, reluctance torque and winding's voltage, Us, and investigates whether it is correct or not through tests.

分析了开关磁阻电动机的一种调速方法——调压调速；从绕组电感、磁链及磁共能的概念出发，导出调压调速方式下电机转速n，磁阻转矩M及绕组端电压US之间的定量关系，并通过实验验证了三者之间关系的正确性；给出适合于开关磁阻电动机调压调速系统的8098单片机使用PID数字控制器的控制算法，最后介绍2。

The paper turns to block, you cannot go to the normal position, lockpin the paper could not be located on the rotation of the cylinder block slowly moving too small to cover the operations side to be removed, increase corresponds to the cylinder slowly moving screw

2接纸座往上转时，无法转到正常位置，锁销无法定位接纸座转动汽缸的缓动调的太小，将操作侧盖子拆下，调大相对应汽缸上的缓动螺丝

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Do you hear modulations in this music?

你听到这个乐曲的转调了吗？

This takes only a moment to fall back into a series of uncertain modulations of key as well as volume.

一会儿，音乐又回复到一系列不确定的转调中，音量也不确定起来。

The development from simplex existence of three tuning systems to organic combination of three tuning systems is known as the twelve-tone-equal temperament with multi-frequency flexibility. The harmonious combinations between circle-of-fifths system and rhyme, just intonation and harmonic, and twelve-tone-equal temperament and inflexion, make up a new tuning system which takes full use of advantages of three tuning systems.

从三律的单一存在发展到现代三律的有机结合(即&复频弹性十二平均律&)，五度相生律与旋律美相映，纯律与和声美相映，平均律与转调美相映，复频弹性十二平均律综合三律之长，避其之短，构成一个新的律制，使三律融为一个自由变通的统一体，进入相对的自由王国。

I was transferred to the Taichung office.

我被转调到台中了。

Within a decade, Rudolf secured the agreement of the Imperial Diet and the Prince Electors for the formal acceptance of his sons Albert and Rudolf to preside over Austria and Styria.

所谓&变手法&，是转调与变奏的结合；&改尾巴&、&换骨头&是改变调式和骨干音；&翻上去&、&落下来&是音程上下移位；&把板眼扯烂或挤拢&就是节奏扩展或压缩。

I'm strongly against the death penalty — it's an eye for an eye.

我不赞成死刑——这是以牙还牙的报复行为。

And to get you the support you need, we're enlisting all elements of our national power: our diplomacy and development, our economic might and our moral suasion, so that you and the rest of our military do not bear the burden of our security alone.

并给你们所须的支援，我们正徵召国家所有各种的力量：我们的外交及发展，我们的经济力量与道德劝说，所以你们与其他军人不须要孤独地负起国家安全的责任。