计算

After flow and transient stability calculating of the 330kV grid, we got the over-load and hazard lines set. Then we gained the redundant network needed to be built according to the increasing power supply and load in 2010. Adopting regradation step-by-step algorithm by which we can improve the calculation efficiency , we compared the validity of every line, deleted lines with low validity until no redundant line is in the network. At last we got the target network framework adopting the improved ant colony algorithm. Flow distribution, construction investment assessment and target framework of Gansu long-term planning all be considered, from the viewpoint of to be economic and reliability the feasibility of the improved ant colony algorithm is discussed.

在对2006年该网架结构进行了潮流计算与暂态稳定计算分析后，得出了系统的过负荷与危险线路集，并针对2010年新增的电源和负荷点确定了冗余的待建网架，然后利用逐步倒推法比较各待选线路在系统中的有效性，逐步去除有效性低的线路，直到网络中没有冗余线路为止，以此来以提高优化算法的计算效率，最后利用改进后的蚁群算法确定优化后的目标网架结构，并从潮流分布、建设投资估算等方面与甘肃电网远期规划中确定的目标网架进行了比较，从可靠性和经济性角度论证了改进蚁群算法在网架优化中的可行性。

On the base of practical transformer substation main connection, electric components and system circuit model are first formed in the paper; analyze vacuum arc characteristic and medium resume are analyzed, then, according to vacuum chamber physical process of switching AC arc, resume process are divided into three stages: sheath development, neutral particles diffusion and static characteristic, with that, calculating model of medium resume strength is erected and applied in the computing of vacuum circuit breaker interrupting transform overvoltage; In the paper, Saber software is used to simulate a whole switching process; As follows, overvoltage characteristic of vacuum circuit breaker switching no load and load transformers, kinds of influence factors are analyzed in detail; At last, vacuum circuit breaker switching capacitance group overvoltage formative causes and electrode refining for lessening reignition are discuss.

本文针对中低压变电站的实际主接线建立各电气元件及系统的电路模型；在真空电弧的特点及间隙的介质恢复特性上，依据真空断路器灭弧室分断电弧的物理过程，将真空电弧熄灭后的恢复过程分为鞘层发展、中性粒子扩散和静态特性三个阶段，建立了相应的介质恢复强度的计算模型，应用到切除变压器操作过电压的计算中；采用Saber仿真软件模拟计算真空断路器切除变压器操作过电压；并分别对真空断路器切除空载及负载变压器操作过电压的特点与影响操作过电压的各种因素做了详细的分析；最后简要分析了真空断路器开断电容器组过电压的形成原因及为减少重燃的电极老炼措施。

On the base of practical transformer substation main connection,electriccomponents and system circuit model are first formed in the paper;analyze vacuum arccharacteristic and medium resume are analyzed,then,according to vacuum chamberphysical process of switching AC arc,resume process are divided into three stages:sheathdevelopment,neutral particles diffusion and static characteristic,with that,calculatingmodel of medium resume strength is erected and applied in the computing of vacuumcircuit breaker interrupting transform overvoltage;In the paper,Saber software is used tosimulate a whole switching process;As follows,overvoltage characteristic of vacuumcircuit breaker switching no load and load transformers,kinds of influence factors areanalyzed in detail;At last,vacuum circuit breaker switching capacitance groupovervoltage formative causes and electrode refining for lessening reignition are discuss.

本文针对中低压变电站的实际主接线建立各电气元件及系统的电路模型；在真空电弧的特点及间隙的介质恢复特性上，依据真空断路器灭弧室分断电弧的物理过程，将真空电弧熄灭后的恢复过程分为鞘层发展、中性粒子扩散和静态特性三个阶段，建立了相应的介质恢复强度的计算模型，应用到切除变压器作过电压的计算中；采用Saber仿真软件模拟计算真空断路器切除变压器作过电压；并分别对真空断路器切除空载及负载变压器作过电压的特点与影响作过电压的各种因素做了详细的分析；最后简要分析了真空断路器开断电容器组过电压的形成原因及为减少重燃的电极老炼措施。

On the base of practical transformer substation main connection,electriccomponents and system circuit model are first formed in the paper;analyze vacuum arccharacteristic and medium resume are analyzed,then,according to vacuum chamberphysical process of switching AC arc,resume process are divided into three stages:sheathdevelopment,neutral particles diffusion and static characteristic,with that,calculatingmodel of medium resume strength is erected and applied in the computing of vacuumcircuit breaker interrupting transform overvoltage;In the paper,Saber software is used tosimulate a whole switching process;As follows,overvoltage characteristic of vacuumcircuit breaker switching no load and load transformers,kinds of influence factors areanalyzed in detail;At last,vacuum circuit breaker switching capacitance groupovervoltage formative causes and electrode refining for lessening reignition are discuss.

本文针对中低压变电站的实际主接线建立各电气元件及系统的电路模型；在真空电弧的特点及间隙的介质恢复特性上，依据真空断路器灭弧室分断电弧的物理过程，将真空电弧熄灭后的恢复过程分为鞘层发展、中性粒子扩散和静态特性三个阶段，建立了相应的介质恢复强度的计算模型，应用到切除变压器操作过电压的计算中；采用Saber仿真软件模拟计算真空断路器切除变压器操作过电压；并分别对真空断路器切除空载及负载变压器操作过电压的特点与影响操作过电压的各种因素做了详细的分析；最后简要分析了真空断路器开断电容器组过电压的形成原因及为减少重燃的电极老炼措施。

In order to do research on pipe flow and pump characteristics of polymer flooding and water flooding rod-pumped well in especially high water-cut stage, rheometric test aimed at production stream from polymer flooding and water flooding rod-pumped well in especially high water-cut stage has been made, and the characteristic of production stream in especially high water-cut stage is confirmed as Newtonian fluid. Experiments using different mediums about pipe flow and pump characteristics is made. Frictional resistance and coefficient of friction resistance of annulus fluid between sucker rod and the pipe flow is calculated under different working conditions. Frictional resistance between plunger and pump barrel under different parameters is calculated based on related theory of pump characteristic and the strained analytical model of oil-well pump. Besides, using the theory of slit flow and hydraulic -clamping pressure, the frictional resistance is calculated, and the error between the result and measured value is no more than 13%.

为研究特高含水期水驱及聚驱抽油机井管流特性与泵特性，本文针对特高含水期水驱及聚驱井采出液进行了流变性试验，确定了特高含水期油井采出液的性质属牛顿流体；利用不同介质，进行管流特性与泵特性试验，得到了不同工况下杆、管环空流的摩擦阻力和摩阻系数；根据泵特性相关理论和抽油泵受力分析模型，计算了不同参数下柱塞与泵筒间的摩擦阻力，并利用缝隙流与液压卡紧力理论对柱塞与泵筒间的摩擦阻力进行了计算，计算结果与实测值误差在13%以内。

Create Jinfeng 62 (1.2MW) temperature model of mathematics and physics about permanent magnent synchronous generator in wind power, present basic hypothesis and boundary condition. select area that one slot opposite to calculate, utilize FEM calculate roter and stator temperature field. bring forward actual method, carefully analyse the result to generator temperature field, for example reduce coil insulation thickness, decrease conduction coefficient because insulation aging between circle, increase iron-core anisotropism conduction coefficient.

建立了金风62型(1.2MW)永磁同步风力发电机的二维温度场的数学和物理模型，给出了计算边界条件和分析假设条件，以一个槽所对应的电机计算区域，利用有限元方法计算发电机的定、转子温度场，详细分析了绕组线棒绝缘厚度减小、匝间绝缘老化致使导热系数减小、铁心各向异性导热系数提高等参数改进对于发电机温度场的影响。

In this paper, some basic CFD problems are studied, including ENO/WENO schemes, CFD systematic analysis, object-oriented programming method and zone divided parallel algorithm. These methods enriched and advanced the CFD algorithms, and then these algorithms were applied in numerical applications of the scarfed reversal nozzle and the open cavity. This promotes the speed of the CFD algorithm combine with the project applications.

本文通过对ENO／WENO格式、CFD计算系统分析、面向对象的程序设计方法以及分区并行计算等一些基本问题的研究，进一步丰富和发展了CFD的分析方法，并将所研究的CFD技术应用于斜切反喷管和空腔流动的计算分析中，推动了CFD技术进步同工程应用的紧密结合。

In the part of introduction, the necessity and importance are briefly discussed for the studies of SC. Sequently, the author describes the definition, compositions, studying content of SC and surveys the synergy of its principal members.

首先在引论部分扼要地论述了软计算方法引入的必要性和重要性，同时论述了软计算的概念、组成、研究内容和应用情况，重点综述了软计算的综合集成研究。

This paper introduces calculation of bolt connectin supported by eccentric sheal force on the basis of ultimate strength and compares ultimate strength method with elastic method.

介绍了按极限强度法计算承受偏心剪力的普通螺栓连接计算方法，通过算例比较了按极限强度法和按目前工程设计中常用的弹性法计算的差别。

The theory model of physical separation between storing and computing resources and framework of SOND based on VSCSI are researched and implementation mechanism of data path between storing and computing resources are provided based on research of the related research and practice here and overseas.

在深入分析国内外动态构造计算环境的相关研究基础上，研究了计算与存储相分离的理论模型与服务部署系统的整体框架，提出了前端计算节点与后端存储节点间数据通路的实现机制——VSCSI，以及数据通路上的数据流的流动形式。

If you are unfortunate enough to the lovelorn, please tell me, I will help you out, really, please contact me!

如果你不幸失恋了，请告诉我，我会帮助你摆脱困境，真的，请联系我啦！

China's plan to cut energy intensity by 20 percent and pollutant discharges by 10 percent between 2006 and 2010 is a case in point.

中国计划在2006年到2010间降低20%的能源强度和减少10%的主要污染物排放，就是一个这样的例子。