西南

If the tectonic uplift is not considered, the relief of Dabie orogen will reach at least 3km in Late-Cretaceous. As to the value of the relief reduction factor in Dabie orogen at 90Ma, the largest value appeared in northeast region, followed consecutively by the core and southeast Tanlu fault zone, with the smalleast value appeared in northwest and southwest region. The results reflect the strong uplift difference between core and North Huaiyang flank in Dabie orogen during doming extension period. Relief in the core region and southeast Tanlu fault zone is higher than those in the peripheral regions, northwest and southwest flanks are more stable than other regions.

如果不考虑构造抬升，大别造山带在晚白垩世地形起伏至少可达3km.90Ma时大别造山带地形起伏变化率在空间上呈现如下特征：东北区块最大，热窿核部其次，东南郯庐断裂区块再次，西北、西南区块最小，反映大别造山带热窿伸展期，核部与北淮阳翼之间强烈差异隆升，核部地形和东南郯庐断裂区块起伏高于周边地区，西北、西南两个翼部比其他地区稳定。

ABSTRACT It is because that the excellent acceptors for maize transgenic engineering are insufficient in our country, especially in the southwest mountain areas of china and hereditary variation regularity for the two characters such as efficiency of embryonic callus induction and number of regenerating plant (these two characters were abbreviated to the nduction efficiency and number of regenerating in the following of the paper, respectively), which hint the maize culturing capacity, is not very clear. Therefore, aiming at picking out superior acceptors, we had made systematic researches on the two characters with combing traditional quantitative-character genetic analyzing methods such as single-factor genetic mating design, diallel crossing genetic design, genetic effect analyzing method and the modern molecular locating method such as QTLs'. The main results are followed.(1) 50 superior inbred lines and about 30 crosses in our country, especially in the southwest of China were used for identifying and selecting the superior genotypes in the above two investigated characters under the same culturing condition in 2000 and 2001. There was very significant difference among the genotypes in the both characters. But the two characters were not certainly related. Some genotypes such as 18-599 and 18-599 were very good in them. For some ones such as zong 31, induction was higher than 18-599 and 18-599 in the efficiency, but it was only 1/3 to the later in regenerating number. In some genotypes such as S37, R08, R15, P138, A318, induction efficiency was just about 3% and scarcely any regenerating plants were got. On the whole, hybrids acted better than inbreeds in the both characters.(2) Two kind of inbreeds were selected as parents of the Griffing's method 1. 18-599 and 18-599 and the inbred line zong 31 are one kind because they are not only superior in the characters of maize cross breeding, such as CA, resistance to disease and the important agricultural characters, but also excellent in transformation characters as the induction and regeneration.

针对我国、特别是西南山地所需玉米转基因工程育种优良受体极为匮乏和反应玉米幼胚培养能力的2个主要性状，即玉米幼胚胚性愈伤组织诱导率和胚性愈伤组织绿苗发生数的遗传变异规律十分不清楚的实际情况，本研究从筛选玉米转基因工程所需要的优良受体入手，采用单因素遗传交配设计、双列杂交遗传交配设计、世代基因效应等传统数量性状分析方法，以及现代分子标记定位主效QTL分析方法，对玉米幼胚胚性愈伤组织诱导率和胚性愈伤组织绿苗发生数等2个性状进行了较为系统的分析研究，取得以下主要研究结果：(1)于2000年和2001年通过对我国、特别是西南地区近50份优良自交系和近30个杂交组合，在相同培养条件下，对幼胚培养胚性愈伤组织诱导率和胚性愈伤组织绿苗发生数等2个幼胚培养能力性状进行了筛选与鉴定，发现玉米不同基因型具有完全不同的幼胚培养胚性愈伤组织诱导率和胚性愈伤组织绿苗发生数，但幼胚培养胚性愈伤组织诱导率与胚性愈伤组织绿苗发生数并不具有必然的相关关系，有的基因型，如自交系18-599和18-599在胚性愈伤组织诱导率和愈伤组织绿苗发生数等2个性状都表现相当优异；有的基因型，如自交系综31，仅幼胚培养胚性愈伤组织诱导率性状表现高于19-599和18-599，但在胚性愈伤组织绿苗发生数这一性状则与它们有相当大的差距，仅为19-599和18-599的1/3左右；有的基因型，如S37、R08、R15、P138、A318等玉米自交系不仅幼胚培养胚性愈伤组织诱导率很低，平均仅在3％左右，而且胚性愈伤组织绿苗发生数表现也很差，基本上没有分化成苗。

Deftly produced by Andrea Helman, Art Wolfe and Gavriel Jecan, C Is For Coyote: A Southwest Alphabet Book is a gorgeously illustrated alphabet book for young readers ages 5 to 8, and filled with stunning photographs by Art Wolfe and Cavriel Jecan of the wildlife, environment, and landmarks of the American Southwest.

灵巧地生产的安德烈Helman ，艺术和沃尔夫文迪Jecan ， C是对于凯奥特：美国西南英文书是绚丽多彩说明字母书年轻读者年龄5至8 ，并充满了惊人的艺术照片和Cavriel Jecan沃尔夫的野生动物，环境，标志美国西南。

However remarkable impacts were observed in the plantation in terms of community physiognomy,community structure,species composition,species richness,and biomass accumulation.1 Planting trees made community structure simple.Betula alnoidis plantation had three layers including a dominant arbor layer,a complex and well developed shrub layer and a poorly developed vine layer.The arbor layer contained few species and had a single layer.The mountain rain forest had 4 layers including the dominant arbor layer,shrub layer,grass layer and vine layer.The vine layer was well developed and very rich in species composition,and the arbor layer contained as many as 38 species that could be grouped into 3 layers.2 Sequenced by the important value,main species for the plantation and the nature forest were totally different,and the plantation had one dominant species while the nature forest contained many dominant species.3 Planting trees changed the community physiognomy.

但是人工种植西南桦林对群落的季相外貌、群落的结构、物种组成、物种丰富度以及生物量等方面有较大的影响。1人工造林使得群落结构简化，西南桦人工林的层次结构有3层，以乔木层占优势，并且有种类多而发达的灌木层，同时，藤本植物欠发达，但是乔木层树种单一，明显仅有一层；山地雨林的层次结构有4层，以乔木层占优势，还有灌木层、草本层和藤本植物，藤本植物种类多，十分发达；乔木层树种丰富，可达38种，乔木层还可分为3层。2人工造林较大程度地改变了群落的物种组成，根据重要值的大小排列，人工林和天然林的主要物种组成已经完全不同；并且人工林单优树种明显，而天然林就含有较多的优势树种。3人工造林改变了群落的外貌。

Enjoys the honor to be horse caravan carrying the Southwest China nationalities' batiks art to the whole world.

香巴拉西南民族染织网》荣幸地成为向世界驮运西南民族染织艺术的一队马帮。

For the climatic characteristics of the onset of the SCS summer monsoon, results reveal: 1 the SCS summer monsoon brusts at the 4th pentad in May; 2 the onset of the SCS summer monsoon is closely related to the southwesterly monsoon over the eastern Bay of Bengal, as induced by the intensification and eastward advancement of the latter; 3 the rainy season of the SCS summer monsoon bursts after the onset of the SCS summer monsoon basically; and 4 the atmospheric circulations exhibit rapid changes at different heights over the SCS and its adjacent districts, during the establishment peroid of the SCS summer monsoon, these include: i in lower troposphere, the southward expansion and deepening of the Indo-Burma trough; ii in middle troposphere, the rapid easterward retreat of the western Pacific subtropicl high form the SCS region, iii in upper troposphere, the fast radiation of the easterlies form the center of the SCS region to the whole of it apparently.

对于南海夏季风建立的气候特征，研究发现：(1)南海夏季风的建立具有爆发性，爆发的时间是5月第4候。(2)南海夏季风的建立与孟加拉湾东部西南季风有密切的关系，是孟加拉湾西南季风发展和东移的结果。(3)南海的夏季风雨季基本上是随着夏季风建立而建立的。(4)在南海夏季风建立期间，南海及其邻近地区高低空环流都有急速的变化，在对流层低层表现为印缅槽的南扩和加深，在对流层中层表现为西太平洋副热带高压迅速东移撤出南海地区，在对流层高层最明显的变化是东风带迅速地从南海中部向北扩展到整个南海地区。

Through the study on the regional geological setting of the concentrated distribution area of epithermal deposits in Southwest China, including the characteristics of the basement, the cover, structure and geophysics, and some geological features of some epithermal deposits, this paper concerns mainly with the condition which leads to the concentrated distribution of the epithermal deposits in Southwest China.

通过对我国西南地区低温热液矿床集中分布区的区域地质背景（包括基底、盖层、构造与地球物理特征）和一些低温热液矿床的地质特征的研究，重点对低温热液矿床集中分布在中国西南地区的条件进行了初步探讨。

Plateau basin surrounding karst groundwater resources to strengthen the investigation and identify the volume of 998 million cubic meters of mined / year; Southwest karst areas to 180 billion cubic meters of underground water resources / year, the volume of 77 billion cubic meters of mined / year; Southwest completed eight provinces 339 counties 740,000 square kilometres trees remote sensing surveys; Preliminary identification of the geological environment of the Yellow River source region ecological conditions change, first proposed the freezing cold caused a drop in water level at Sheung Shui and Yuen district water meadow degradation of the important reasons for the deterioration of the environment.

加强鄂尔多斯盆地周边岩溶地下水资源的调查，查明可开采量9.98亿立方米／年；西南岩溶地区的地下水资源为1800亿立方米／年，可开采量770亿立方米／年；完成西南八省339个县74万平方公里石漠化遥感调查；初步查明了黄河源区生态地质环境变化状况，首次提出冻结层上水水位下降是造成高寒草甸退化和源区水环境恶化的重要原因。

School of Economics and Management, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China;School of Traffic and Transp., Southwest JiaotongUniversity, Chengdu 610031, China

西南交通大学经济管理学院，四川成都610031；西南交通大学交通运输学院，四川成都610031

School ofTraffic and Transp., Southwest JiaotongUniversity, Chengdu 610031, China; School of Economics andManagement, Chengdu 610031, China

西南交通大学交通运输学院，四川成都610031；西南交通大学经济管理学院，四川成都610031

I am sure after a few weeks of adaptation and familiarization I will have no difficulty in functioning on a daily basis in an English speaking society or in participating fully in graduate studies.

在大学的三年的学习生活不仅给予我自身的充实，更重要的是磨练和培养了我较强的自觉能力和严谨，踏实的作风以及不怕困难的精神，对未来充满了信心！

As the first volcanoes erupted, one of the gases that bellowed out was steam.

在第一批火山喷发时，喷出的气体之一就是水蒸汽。