药物学的

OBJECTIVE To design and develop a clinical pharmacokinetics and individual drug dosage regimens system CPKDP program for estimating individual pharmacokinetic parameters and optimizing individualizing dosage regimens using routine clinical data of plasma levels. METHODS According to the principle of population pharmacokinetics and Bayes" formula, CPKDP program was written with FOXPRO 2.6 and BORLAND C++ 3.1, and was run on 486 microcomputer with UCDOS 5.0. RESULTS CPKDP program was adapted for drugs with different characteristics of pharmacokinetics, and for single dose or multiple dose administration. Using 1 or 2 measured drug concentrations, individual patient"s pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated based on population-average pharm-acokinetic parameters. CONCLUSION CPKDP program is applied for estimating pharmacokinetic parameters and optimizing drug therapy in individual patients.

目的为利用临床常规监测的血药浓度数据估算病人的个体药动学参数，优化给药方案，设计、研制了临床药动学给药个体化系统CPKDP程序方法依据群体药动学原理及Bayes公式，CPKDP程序用FOXPRO 2.6和BORLAND C++ 3.1开发，在希望汉字系统UCDOS 5.0平台上运行结果CPKDP程序适用于具有不同药动学特征的多种药物，适用于不同给药途径的单剂量或多剂量给药在群体药动学参数的基础上，结合病人个体特征，以1，2个血药浓度作为反馈，即可拟合估算个体药动学参数，优化给药方案结论经初步应用，CPKDP程序是应用Bayes反馈法开展临床个体化给药工作非常实用的工具

However, the clinical use of DOX is limited by its severe, cumulative, dose-dependent cardiotoxicity.

功能基因组学技术在新药研发和药物安全性评价中的应用，为药物毒理学家预测药物的毒性和研究毒作用机制提供了崭新的理论和手段。

Genetics can influence the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs at different levels.

遗传能影响药物在体内不同水平上的药物动力学和药效学。

Biopolymer active center elements are the composition of the alimental organism and the primary inherent cause of catalysis and activation, their ingestion, accumulation, transportation and distribution have relation to the biological function of the organism, so we can predict the characteristics of the elemental distribution by the fourth statistical mechanics founded by Professor Jin and further study the biological function of the organism with diet therapy effect.

由于生物高分子活性中心元素是生物营养体的组成成分与催化激活的主要内在原因，其摄入，积累，运送与分布都与生物体的生物功能密切相关，所以可以通过金日光教授提出的第四统计力学——群子统计理论来考察其分布规律，进而考察、评价食疗型生物体的生物功能，从而为研究生物体的营养、药物功能提供新的理论依据，为诠释中国传统食疗学的相关理论打开新的思路。

Results AHS was an acute severe drug reaction with characteristic symptoms, including generalized skin eruption, fever, lymphadenectasis, eosinophilia, and multiple visceral involvement.

结果 AHS是一种急性严重药物反应、临床表现为广泛皮损，伴发热、淋巴结肿大、多脏器受累、嗜酸粒细胞增多等血液学异常为特征的严重药物反应。

Methods: forty nine patients with prostatic cancer, 14 patients at pathologic stage c, 35 stage d, were analyzed retrospectively. twenty one of them were treated by bilateral orchidectomy and castration of drug; twenty three of them were treated by consist castration of drug;five patients were treated by intermittent androgen suppression.

对49例中晚期前列腺癌患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。49例分为a、b、c 3组，a组21例行双侧睾丸切除+药物去势，b组23例给予持续性药物雄激素阻断，c组5例行间歇性药物雄激素阻断，分析3组的症状缓解率、影像学评价有效率、前列腺特异抗原psa）反应率及1、2、3年的生存率。

Teaching and experiment of physical chemistry can train scientific thought means of undergraduate and improve their ability on putting forward, analyzing and settling questions. Students can settle the practical problems in the pharmic production and research after they have mastered theoretical knowledge of physical chemistry interrelation to pharmacy.

培养学生的科学思维方法及提出问题、研究问题、分析问题的能力，培养他们获取知识并用来解决实际问题的能力，并能应用所学的理论知识解决药物生产、研究中的实际问题，从而掌握从事药学工作必须的物理化学方面的知识。

He Toh study, conducted by researchers atthe Slone Epidemiology Center and the pharmacoepidemiology programat the Harvard School of Public Health and the Department ofPediatrics at the University of California, San Diego, was notdirectly funded by any organization or company.

oh的研究是由斯隆流行病学中心和哈佛公共健康学院和加利福尼亚大学儿科学部药物流行病学项目的研究人员进行的。San Diego并没有直接接受任何组织或公司的资金支持。

The results summarized as follows:(1)The main pharmacokinetic parameters Tmax was about 2h, Cmax was 8.365, 7.519, 1.871, 6.485, 4.060μg/mL in blood, gill, kidney, liver, and muscle respectively, after oral administration at a dose of 30 mg/kg; while t1/2 were 8.180~23.249h. These showed that the NFLX absorption was rapid after oral administration of NFLX in Scophthalmus maximus, but the residence time in the fish was long.(2) T1/2 were 74.88~200.45h after oral administration at dose of 30 mg/kg for five consecutive days, which showed that the attenuation of NFLX in the fish body was slow and the residue concentration in the kidney was the highest.

另外，本文测定了大菱鲆成鱼体内NFLX的药物浓度，用MCP-KP药动学程序对所得的药物浓度-时间数据进行分析，结果表明：1单次混饲口灌(30 mg/kg体重日)NFLX，药物在大菱鲆体内的达峰时间为2h，血液、腮、肾脏、肝脏、肌肉达峰浓度分别为：8.365、7.519、1.871、6.485、4.060μg/mL，消除半衰期为8.180～23.249h，说明NFLX在大菱鲆体内吸收较迅速，但滞留时间较长。2连续五天混饲口灌(30 mg/kg体重日)NFLX，消除半衰期为74.88～200.45h，说明混饲口灌NFLX在大菱鲆体内消除缓慢，其中以肾脏中残留最显著。

It publishes original research, reviews, opinions and correspondence in systematics and evolutionary and interactive biology. The topics include taxonomic works in zoology, application of systematics in biological control, agriculture, aquaculture, medical and veterinary zoology, cladistics, experimental taxonomy, parasitology, ecology, behavior and the interaction of organisms with their environment.

该杂志主要发表有关系统学、进化和交互生物学的原创性论文、综述、观点以及通讯等，其内容涵盖动物分类学，系统学在生物控制、农学、水产中的应用，药物和畜牧动物学，遗传分类学，实验分类学，寄生虫学，生态学，行为以及生物与环境的相互影响等。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。