膜切开术

Careful attention should be paid to every steps of enterostomy operation in order to prevent the complications of stoma. These include the incision of skin, hypodermis, fascia and peritoneum, fixation of bowel around the stoma aperture, the size and shape of stoma, and the supportive tube in loop ostomy.

要求术者用心做好造口手术的每个细节，包括造口皮肤切口、皮下、筋膜、腹膜等的切开和造口肠管之间的缝合固定，造口的大小和形状，以及襻式造口所用的支撑管，以达到预防造口并发症的目的。

Methods:from 1988 to 2004, 26 patients (25 males and 1femal, aged from 28～72 years old) with esophagus rupture were treated. among the 26 cases, 2 cases received conservative treatment; 6 cases' esophaguses were slit to extirpate heterogeneous things; 3 cases received thorax and mediastinal conduction added gastrostomy or jejunostomy; 14 cases received esophagus hernioplasty; 1case was put the metallic bracket into esophagus and then received esophagus resection and esophagus -gastric anastomosis in the second period.

1988～2004年收治食管破裂患者26例，其中男25例，女1例，年龄28～72岁。26例患者中，2例保守治疗，6例切开食管摘取异物，3例行胸腔、纵隔引流加空肠及胃造瘘术，14例行食管修补术，1例行食管内带膜金属支架植入，二期再行食管切除食管胃吻合术。

Various surgical methods were used for ocular cysticercosis:sclerotomy for subretinal cysticercosis,pars plana incision and aspiration for intravitreal cysticercosis,direct extraction for orbit and extraocular muscles cysticercosis.

合并眼部囊虫者手术摘除，玻璃体内囊虫采用玻璃体切割吸出，视网膜下囊虫术前定位后切开巩膜和葡萄膜取出，眼外肌和眶内囊虫直视下取出。

Infections of 3 cases were controled after treatment with the wound dressing and compression bandaging after local inflammation organic resection, oral Xinhuang Tablets of proprietary Chinese medicines and antibiotics; 9 cases were treated with arthroscopic joint clean-up washing , 2 case of them were treated with incision debridement combined by synovectomy arthroscopic due to inability to complete debridement ; 3 case of them were treated with temporary prosthesis replacement surgery on the infection after total knee debridement due to recurring knee swelling and rupture , filling bone cement containing sensitive antibiotics, convection to wash on the articular cavity, and second phase renovation in stable condition, finally they recoveried postoperatively and discharged.

结果：对22例出现炎症性反应的TKA术后患者，经抗感染、关节腔对流冲洗、清创和Ⅱ期再置换并配合口服中成药新癀片等处理。10例轻微肿痛病人经单纯药物治疗，症状改善。12例患者应用外科干预， 3例行局部炎症组织切除后伤口换药并加压包扎，口服中成药新癀片及抗生素治疗后控制感染；9例在关节镜下行关节清理冲洗，其中2例在行关节镜下手术时因无法彻底清创行切开清创合并滑膜切除； 3例因反复出现膝关节红肿、疼痛、甚至破溃予全膝置换术后感染清创临时假体置换术，用含敏感抗生素骨水泥填充，对关节腔进行对流冲洗，待关节情况稳定后行Ⅱ期翻修，术后痊愈出院。

Different operation were selected in 40 patients according the type of concealed penis. Simple concealed penis: weight reduction and observation or Y-V plasty of acrobystia. Phimosis type: slitting the outer plate of prepuce at 2, 6 and 10 clock point and at 4, 8 and 12 clock point on the inner plate then making a tongue-groove suture. Fascia bands type: removing the dysgenic dartos fascia band and moving up the penoscrotal spot and make a Y-V plasty. Webbing penis: taking a transsection and longitudinal suture at the penoscrotal spot.

对40例不同类型肥胖者伴发隐匿阴茎病人采用不同的处理方法，单纯型：减肥观察或包皮&Y-V&成型；包茎型：切开包皮外板2、6和10点，内板4、8和12点，嵌插缝合；纤维索带型：切除松解阴茎背侧挛缩的筋膜，上移阴茎阴囊交界部行&Y-V&成型术；蹼状阴茎：作阴茎阴囊交界部腹侧横切纵缝。

The most common revision procedures were extension of fascial incisions and opening new compartments.

最常见的翻修术是延长筋膜切口和切开新的室间隔。

Methods: A little improvement was made on the management of orbital septum and septal fat while doing the general lower eyelid blepharoplasty. Separate the plane between them. Orbicularis oculi and orbital septum to the infraorbital marginalis, incise the orbital septum transversely, then sewing up the orbital fat onto the periosteum of the infraorbital marginaslis in order to fill up and correct the sunken deformity of this area.

在进行常规的睑袋整复术同时，对眶隔和眶脂的处理作适当的改进，在眼轮匝肌下平面分离到眶下缘，横向切开下睑眶隔筋膜，将眶脂缝合在眶缘的骨膜上，填充和纠正该区域的凹陷畸形。

All right hind knees were made in this way: the auterior wall of suprapatellar bursae was scraped, the posterior wall of suprapatellar bursae and the infrapatellar fat pad were cut off.

手术切开右后膝关节，搜刮髌上囊前壁，切除大部分髌上囊后壁滑膜和髌下脂肪垫，术毕用长腿管形石膏固定右后肢膝关节于伸直位。

Methods Separating the posterior synechia with the help of viscoelastics.36 eyes of 32 patients were extract by means of non cuting pupil dilation,excision of the organized membranes of pupilary occlusion and seclusion.

借助粘弹剂分离虹膜后粘连，并采用非切开的瞳孔扩张成型术及膜闭切除术，对32例( 36眼)伴有虹膜后粘连且瞳孔不能放大的葡萄膜炎并发性白内障，行囊外摘出联合人工晶状体植入手术。

Methods 56 eyes （ 56 cases ） had accepted modem vitreoretinal surgery for complicated retinal detachment. Membrane separation, membrane resection, using of deuterium oxide, endolaser coagulation and filling of silicone oil or inert gas were used if needed.

方法对56例(56眼)复杂性视网膜脱离患者行玻璃体视网膜手术，根据术中情况进行膜分离、膜切除、视网膜切开、重水应用、眼内激光光凝、硅油或惰性气体眼内填充。

If you are unfortunate enough to the lovelorn, please tell me, I will help you out, really, please contact me!

如果你不幸失恋了，请告诉我，我会帮助你摆脱困境，真的，请联系我啦！

China's plan to cut energy intensity by 20 percent and pollutant discharges by 10 percent between 2006 and 2010 is a case in point.

中国计划在2006年到2010间降低20%的能源强度和减少10%的主要污染物排放，就是一个这样的例子。