肾上腺切除术

Objective To investigate the application of retroperitoneal laparoscopy in adrenal gland neoplasms.

目的：探讨腹膜后腹腔镜手术在肾上腺肿瘤切除术中的应用。

It is still recommended that adrenalectomy is not necessary in case of normal preoperative CT scan and normal intraoperative palpation.

肾上腺切除不是必须的，如果有正常的术前CT扫描和术中触诊正常。

Methods The clinical data of 46 cases receiving posterior laparoscopic adrenalectomy were compared with 58 cases receiving open adrenalectomy.

将46例后腹腔镜肾上腺肿瘤切除术患者与同期58例开放手术行肾上腺肿瘤切除术患者的临床效果进行比较。

MATERIALS AND METHODS The clinical data of 47 cases of patients Underwent laparoscopic adrenectomy and 10 cases of patients underwent open adrenalectomy were analyzed retrospectively.

回顾分析47例腹腔镜肾上腺髓质脂肪瘤切除术和开放肾上腺髓质脂肪瘤切除术的临床资料，统计分析这两种术式在手术时间、术中出血量、术后肠功能恢复时间、术后住院时间及并发症发生率等的差异。

From April 2000 to June 2002, 512 cases of laparoscopical urologic operation have been performed through transperitoneal and retroperitoneal or extraperitoneal approach: 41 cases of nephrectomy, 36 cases of radical nephrectomy, 10 cases of nephroureterectomy with cystoscopic en bloc excision of the distal ureter and bladder cuff, 3 cases of partial nephrectomy, 78 cases of partial adrenalectomy or resection of adenomas, 71 cases of total adrenalectomy, 17 cases of ureterolithotomy, 122 cases of decortication of renal cyst, 1 case of Anderson-Hynes dismembered pyeloplasty, 7 cases of renal pedical lymphatics disconnection, 2 cases of relative living donor nephrectomy.

本课题通过对223例肾疾病、149例肾上腺疾病、17例输尿管结石病人进行腹腔镜及后腹腔镜手术，其中肾囊肿去顶术140例、单纯肾切除术41例、根治性肾切除术36例、肾输尿管全切及输尿管口膀胱袖套状切除术10例、后腹腔镜肾部分切除术3例、Anderson-Hynes肾盂成形术1例、肾蒂淋巴管离断术7例、腹腔镜和后腹腔镜活体亲属供肾切取术各1例、肾上腺部分或单纯肿瘤切除术78例、肾上腺全部切除术71例、输尿管切开取石术17例。记录手术时间、手术中失血量、肠道功能恢复时间及并发症，将结果与传统开放手术和国外学者的腹腔镜手术结果进行比较，对数据进行统计分析。

Methods Three hundred and fifty patients for laparoscopic surgery were admitted to our department from August 2001 to February 2002. They included 45 cases of adrenal glands surgery, 55 simple nephrectomy, 25 radical nephrectomy, 11 nephroureterectomy, 3 partial nephrectomy, 110 renal cyst decortication, 4 polycystic kidney decortication, 12 ureterolithotomy, 16 pyeloplasty, 3 retrocaval ureteroplasty, 58 varicocele-varix ligation and 8 pelvic lymph node dissection.

从2001年8月～2004年2月，350例患者施行了腹腔镜下泌尿外科手术，其中肾上腺手术45例，单纯肾切除55例，根治性肾切除25例，肾输尿管全切11例，肾部分切除3例，肾囊肿去顶术110例，多囊肾去顶减压术4例，输尿管切开取石术12例，UPJ成型术16例，腔静脉后输尿管成型术3例，精索静脉高位结扎术58例，盆腔淋巴结切除术8例。

There were no blood transfusion or serious complication in the study.Conclusions:Retroperitoneal laparoscopic operation,such as adrenalectomy,nephropexy,pelvioplasty,unroofing of renal cyst,pelvilithotomy,ureterdithotomy and spermatic vein ligation,have the advantages of minimai invasion,less blood loss and fewer complications,which is an effective and practical procedure.

后腹腔镜肾上腺瘤切除术、肾固定术、肾盂成形术、肾囊肿去顶术、肾盂或输尿管切开取石术及腹腔镜精索静脉高位结扎术具有创伤小、出血少、并发症少等优点，临床疗效可靠，实用性较强。

From May 1992 to Nov.1996,141 patients (110 males and 31 females) were subjected to laparoscopy in the treatment of urological diseases. The age of the patients ranged from 9 to 76 years (mean 39 years). Five patients had nephrectomy, 12 adrenalectomy,48 renal cyst resection,61 high ligation of internal spermatic vein,5 pelvic staging lymphadenectomy,9 orchiectomy, and 1 removal of bladder diverticulum.

1992年3月～1996年11月应用腹腔镜技术治疗泌尿外科疾病141例(男110例，女31例，年龄9～76岁)，其中肾切除术5例，肾上腺肿瘤切除术12例，肾囊肿去顶术48例，盆腔淋巴结切除术5例，精索内静脉高位结扎术61例，以及隐睾探查或切除9例，膀胱憩室切除1例。

Other patients has been observed for two years and none recure. Conclusions: Retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy is a standard treatment of curing adrenal tumer. We must select the manner of adrenalectomy, according to the structure of adrenal and the character of tumor.

后腹腔镜下肾上腺肿瘤切除术是治疗肾上腺肿瘤的标准手术，术中应根据肾上腺本身结构及肿瘤的性质决定行肾上腺全切除或仅行肾上腺肿瘤切除术。

My practice would primarily involve office visits, some general surgery (appendectomies, gallbladder removals, bowel and breast surgery), and—given my interest in endocrine tumors—a lot of thyroid and adrenal surgery.

我的工作主要包含事务所调查、普通手术（阑尾切除术，胆囊切除和胸肠的手术），以及包括我感兴趣的内分泌肿瘤和许多甲状腺和肾上腺的手术。

He and Nina moved to California and lived at 2005 Ivar Street, Apt.

他和Nina搬到加州，并在2005年伊瓦尔街，公寓生活。

Droperidol （ potently inhibits transfected HERGchannels and this is the probable mechanism for QT prolongation.

氟哌利多有效地抑制了转染的 HERG 钾通道，可能是 QT 间期延长的机制。