等离子体

In summary, the drive current by Alfvén waves can be enhanced by plasma rotation The negative magnetic shear is favorable for the efficiency of the current drive by Alfvén waves Moreover, in the reversed shear configuration the current drive due to Alfvén waves in an rotation plasma can obviously change the plasma current profile The Alfvén wave current drive may be useful in controlling the current profile in order to suppress magnetohydrodynamic instabilities.

另外，我们还发现负剪切区域愈大，同时安全因子极小值q〓愈小，对阿尔芬波电流驱动愈好。总之，等离子体极向旋转能够增强阿尔芬波电流驱动，负磁剪切对阿尔芬波电流驱动是有利的。另外，反磁剪切位形下旋转等离子体的阿尔芬波电流驱动可以明显改善等离子体电流剖面。

Finally, the grafting polymerization of textile materials initiated by microwave low temperature plasma was conducted. Knitted cotton fabric was grafted by AMPS first, then knitted cotton and terylene/cotton fabrics were grafted with AMPS/NIPA dualistic monomers respectively. By means of grafting polymerization, the P dualisticintelligent hydrogel was added to textile.The influences of the factors on add-on, such as treatment time and power of plasma, concentrations of crosslinking agent and total monomers, proportion of AMPS, polymerizing temperature and time etc, was studied fully. The optimal conditions of grafting polymerization initiated by microwave low temperature plasma were determined by orthogonal design, variance analysis and mathematical statistics method so as to analyze the main influencing factors. Then swelling/deswelling kinetics, temperature-sensitivity and pH-sensitivity of grafted textile were studied. The performance indexes of hydrostatic pressure, moisture permeability and bursting strength of the knitted cotton and terylene/cotton fabrics before and after grafting were compared and evaluated synthetically.

此后用微波低温等离子体引发纺织材料的接枝聚合反应，分别研究了棉针织物接枝AMPS和棉、涤棉混纺针织物接枝AMPS/NIPA二元单体，使智能凝胶以接枝的方式添加到纺织材料上；详细探讨了微波低温等离子体处理功率和时间、总单体浓度、AMPS单体浓度、交联剂浓度及聚合反应温度和时间等因素对增重率的影响，通过正交设计、方差分析及数理统计对各影响因子进行分析，确定了微波低温等离子体引发接枝聚合的最佳工艺条件；对接枝纺织材料的失水-吸水动力学、温度敏感性、pH敏感性等进行了研究；对接枝前后棉、涤棉混纺针织物的静水压、透湿性和顶破强力等服用性能指标进行了对比和综合评价。

It is evident that after gas is ionized to generate plasma, physical and chemical reactions result from the interaction of plasma with surface of rubber, and by adding polar functional groups to surface structure of rubber, plasma treatment can produce hydrophilic surface on rubber and greatly improve adhesion of rubber to steel.

等离子体处理橡胶的机理是利用气体电离产生等离子体，等离子体与橡胶表面发生物理和化学反应，可在橡胶表面产生大量的极性基团，提高橡胶表面的亲水性，从而改善橡胶与金属的粘合性能。

The project involved:(1) Development of time and space resolved soft x-ray diagnostic instruments: a pinhole transmission grating streak spectrograph and a stigmatic grazing incidence grating flat-field streak spectrogrph, which are the most powerful in x-ray laser and laser plasma researches of our laboratory.

它们已成为我们实验室X射线激光和激光等离子体软X射线发射实验研究中最有力的诊断手段。（2）系统地研究了X射线激光增益介质—线状激光等离子体的均匀性。结果表明线聚焦激光照明的均匀性是实现均匀线性状激光等离子体的必要条件。

The conclustion we obtained are: through adjusting the profile parameters of plasma density, temperature and current, and the elongation k and triangularity d which describe the plasma shape,...

自举电流分布与等离子体平衡电流分布之间的剖面准直性可以通过调整等离子体的密度、温度和电流分布参数，以及描述等离子体形状的拉长度k和三角变形因子d来获得。

To acquire the temperature of laser plasma with high spatial and temporal resolution, a new method based on the two-line method for measurement of plasma temperature is proposed.

为了获得高时间和空间分辨率的激光等离子体温度测量结果，基于等离子体温度测量的二谱线法，设计了一种激光等离子体温度测量方法。

In the second chapter, by using the multi-fluid hydrodynamic equations, the electrostatic waves of the dusty plasma in a uniform magnetic field are investigated.

尘埃等离子体中静电波的研究可以得到等离子体的一些关键参数，已成为等离子体诊断的一个重要手段。

A simplified model which considers the partially ionized plasma as hydrogen-like ions is presented. Classical electrodynamics theory is employed to study the action of ponderomotive force on bound electron and the effect of ponderomotive force on the generation of laser plasmas. A relation between generation of laser plasma and laser wave train length is obtained.

通过建立简化的物理模型，即将部分电离的等离子体简化为类氢离子，使用经典电动力学理论，研究激光有质动力对束缚电子的作用；讨论了激光有质动力对激光等离子体产生的影响；得出了激光等离子体的产生与激光波列长度的定量关系。

The results of measurement electron density show that the interaction between plasma and first wall is lower in diverter discharge than that in limit discharge.

电子密度测量结果表明偏滤器位形的等离子体放电减小了等离子体与第一壁的相互作用，等离子体密度比孔栏放电位形的略为偏低。

Firstly, this paper introduces constitutes of plasma ignition system, the basic characteristics of plasma, pulverized coal combustion improved by plasma and quantity of heat analysis of plasma electropult.

首先，本文介绍了等离子体点火系统的基本构成、等离子体的基本特性、等离子体对煤粉的促燃效果以及等离子发生器的传热量分析等。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。