竞争

With the development of high-tech competition of economics will be the competition of technology and intellective.

随着高新技术的发展，经济竞争将主要是科技的竞争，智力的竞争，而这些归根结底都将是人力资源开发及其潜能充分利用的竞争。

Figure 3 Monopolistic versus Perfect Competition Monopolistically Competitive Firm Price MC Markup Perfectly Competitive Firm Price MC ATC ATC P P = MC Marginal cost MR Demand P = MR 0 Quantity produced Efficient scale Quantity 0 Quantity produced = Efficient scale Quantity Excess capacity

图3。 垄断竞争和完全竞争垄断竞争企业价格价格加成价格完全竞争企业 MC ATC P = MC MC ATC 边际成本 P = MR 需求曲线 MR 生产量有效规模需求产量生产量=有效规模产量过剩市场能力

Figure 3 Monopolistic versus Perfect Competition Monopolistically Competitive Firm Price MC Price Perfectly Competitive Firm ATC MC ATC P P = MC P = MR MR Demand 0 Quantity produced Efficient scale Quantity 0 Quantity produced = Efficient scale Quantity

图3。 垄断竞争与完全竞争垄断竞争企业价格 MC ATC 价格 MC ATC 完全竞争企业 P 过剩生产能力需求产量生产量有效规模 P = MC P = MR 需求曲线产量产量=有效规模产量

With the continuous deepening of economic globalization, the world economic structure has changed observably. The competition between enterprises becomes more and more intensely.

随着经济全球化的不断加深，世界经济格局发生巨大的变化，企业之间的竞争越来越激烈，越来越多的企业开始意识到单凭自身的实力难以适应市场竞争中的复杂环境，单独的竞争行为只能让企业在市场竞争中处于劣势。

In this paper evaluating industrial overcompetition by principal component analysis, it can classificate and rank degrees of industrial overcompetition and analyse major factors ,finding out the reason of industrial overcompetition. It affords theoretical support for improving present situation of industrial overcompetition in China, drawing up industrial organization policies which is in favor of industrial development.

本文运用主成分分析法对产业过度竞争状况总体进行分类和排序，从数字量度上反映出竞争程度的差距，并找出了过度竞争形成的原因所在，这为改善我国产业过度竞争现状、制定有利于产业发展的产业组织政策提供了理论依据。

The Hegyi single-tree competition index also showed there was in-tense competition between Bruguiera gymnorrhiza and Rhizophora slylosa to survive. And it could be prognosticated that Bruguiera gymnorrhiza and Rhizophora slylosa will live together for a long time, while Bruguiera gymnorrhiza will have a little superiority during this competition.

结果表明，木榄和红海榄有极其相似的生态位宽度和极高的生态位重叠关系，Hegyi竞争指数模型计算的竞争强度也证明，木榄和红海榄之间存在有激烈的生存竞争，并预测到木榄和红海榄将长期共存，但木榄在竞争中有微弱的优势。

We look at the strategy in China there are many ways because HSBC grows in Hong Kong and Shanghai banking cooperation, so we get a very long history yet, goes back 135 years we have been in the land of your country, several times, over that period of time, but it is terribly important for us it is a very important of the future, I am not say anything because our chairman doesnt say anything possible opportunity to try to impress people that how much you want to be here significant, what I find really fascinating because we have just been spending a lot of time just making research in the brands of China, degree our competitors brand in general, there is a tendency I think among the people of Chinese all think it is a developing country, from the marketing standpoint, brand standpoint, in actually fact, if you look at how Chinese brands behave, it is a very developed country, it behaves much more like France, or the UK, does like Brazil, or Malazia, you have heard how competitive this market places, there are lots of very very good products, very high quality products, lots of very well-excepted local brands have a long history, in fact, it not given one foreign brand comes in, we have history and understanding here, we are the new brand on the block if you like, we have to understand where our initial be in the very complicated very very competitive market place, there are a lot of banks, there are a lot of banks specialized particular sector of the market, they also move to grow become a lot of unbanked people in this country, so all of our present opportunities and my strategy were wave with those

说到我们中国的战略，我想应该有许多种不同的战略吧，因为汇丰在香港和上海都有分支。我们在中国有很悠久的历史，可以追溯到135年前，之后几番登陆中国，但我认为最重要的，还是汇丰未来在中国的发展，虽然我很想让大家知道我们在中国发展的迫切愿望，但我现在不能宣布任何的战略，是因为我们的主席还没有表态。在中国，我们对中国的品牌做过许多的调研工作，把我们的竞争对手分级，最让我感到震惊的，在中国有一种趋势就是，从市场的角度来看，品牌的角度来看，中国的民众都认为中国是一个发展中国家，而实际上，如果你观察一下中国的知名品牌是怎么样运行的，你就会发现更像一个发达国家。这样的品牌行为更像是在法国，在英国，在巴西，或是马来西亚，在中国，你会发现市场竞争也是那样的激烈，中国市场上有许多出色的商品，高质量的商品，有许多拥有悠久历史、具有独特影响力的知名品牌，实际上，任何一个外国的品牌、任何一个后进入者想挤进来，都不是容易的事情。虽然我们很早就和中国有渊源，但我们也可以说是一个新的市场进入者，我们必须在这个复杂而又竞争激烈的市场中找到我们的方向，中国市场上现在有许多的银行，还有许多专门服务于某一特定顾客群的银行，但我们的空间还很大，因为中国还有许多没有开发的处女地，所以，我认为我们现在的机会和战略是和那些竞争对手们在市场上共舞。

We look at the strategy in China there are many ways because HSBC grows in Hong Kong and Shanghai banking cooperation, so we get a very long history yet, goes back 135 years we have been in the land of your country, several times, over that period of time, but it is terribly important for us it is a very important of the future, I am not say anything because our chairman doesn't say anything possible opportunity to try to impress people that how much you want to be here significant, what I find really fascinating because we have just been spending a lot of time just making research in the brands of China, degree our competitors brand in general, there is a tendency I think among the people of Chinese all think it is a developing country, from the marketing standpoint, brand standpoint, in actually fact, if you look at how Chinese brands behave, it is a very developed country, it behaves much more like France, or the UK, does like Brazil, or Malazia, you have heard how competitive this market places, there are lots of very very good products, very high quality products, lots of very well-excepted local brands have a long history, in fact, it not given one foreign brand comes in, we have history and understanding here, we are the new brand on the block if you like, we have to understand where our initial be in the very complicated very very competitive market place, there are a lot of banks, there are a lot of banks specialized particular sector of the market, they also move to grow become a lot of unbanked people in this country, so all of our present opportunities and my strategy were wave with those

说到我们中国的战略，我想应该有许多种不同的战略吧，因为汇丰在香港和上海都有分支。我们在中国有很悠久的历史，可以追溯到135年前，之后几番登陆中国，但我认为最重要的，还是汇丰未来在中国的发展，虽然我很想让大家知道我们在中国发展的迫切愿望，但我现在不能宣布任何的战略，是因为我们的主席还没有表态。在中国，我们对中国的品牌做过许多的调研工作，把我们的竞争对手分级，最让我感到震惊的，在中国有一种趋势就是，从市场的角度来看，品牌的角度来看，中国的民众都认为中国是一个发展中国家，而实际上，如果你观察一下中国的知名品牌是怎么样运行的，你就会发现更像一个发达国家。这样的品牌行为更像是在法国，在英国，在巴西，或是马来西亚，在中国，你会发现市场竞争也是那样的激烈，中国市场上有许多出色的商品，高质量的商品，有许多拥有悠久历史、具有独特影响力的知名品牌，实际上，任何一个外国的品牌、任何一个后进入者想挤进来，都不是容易的事情。虽然我们很早就和中国有渊源，但我们也可以说是一个新的市场进入者，我们必须在这个复杂而又竞争激烈的市场中找到我们的方向，中国市场上现在有许多的银行，还有许多专门服务于某一特定顾客群的银行，但我们的空间还很大，因为中国还有许多没有开发的处女地，所以，我认为我们现在的机会和战略是和那些竞争对手们在市场上共舞。

However, it was unrealistic for distilleries to keep the leading roles in the cutthroat competition in liquor market only depending on single competitive advantage. In order to realize long-term and sustainable development, distilleries must integrate various competitive advantages to improve their competitiveness.

当今的白酒市场竞争，仅靠单一的优势竞争是不现实的，必须整合各种竞争优势因素来提高竞争能力，才能取得全面的、长久的、可持续的发展。

That is business strategy deals with enduring competitive advantages in a competitive setting, and necessarily attempts to explain the sources of competitive advantage (success, etc.) as well as how they are sustained over time despite of competitive pressure, imitation or equilibrating market forces.

正是商业战略在一个竞争背景中解决持久的竞争优势，同时也不可避免地尝试解释竞争优势的来源，以及这些优势如何在竞争压力、模仿或均衡的市场力量之中仍能随着时间持续下去。

On closer examination, though, this is not a vote for multilateralism but just the opposite.

仔细审视后我们发现，这并非是对多边主义投出的赞成票，而是恰好相反。

Uncovering their weak spots, so I can defeat them.

揭露出他们的弱点，这样我就可以打败他们了。