稍大的

According to this understanding, this thesis tries to modify PSO algorithm in order to improve its quality of solutions. The main approches include: using uniform design to ensure the uniform distribution of initial particles in the design space; adding mutation operation to increase the diversity of particles; decreasing the maximum velocity limitation and the velocity inertia automatically to balance the local and the global search efforts; developing a new approach to treat the design variables exceeding the bounds; using extensive local searches to escape local minimum. The overall effect of these approaches can yield better results for most test problems.

有鉴於此，本文针对粒子群演化法之流程参考相关文献并稍作改变，使得粒子群演算法在结果的收敛上更具优势，本文的主要改进的方法包括：应用均匀设计的概念使得初始的粒子可以更均匀地分布在空间上；利用突变增加粒子之间的差异性与多样性；利用适当控制的最大速度限制及惯性权重控制，达到区域搜寻与全域搜寻的效果；应用新的边界处理机制处理设计变数超过上、下限的问题；利用区域强化搜寻针对粒子附近地区，再作进一步的搜索以得到更佳之结果；将各种方法综合后配合粒子群演算法使用，可以得到不错的结果。

The analysis of the components and contents of volatile material indicated that fruit of apples treated with 2 and 4ml/kg of ethanol increased the content and kinds of the characteristic volatile and improved flavor and quality in apple, while the fruit treated with 6ml/kg of ethanol produced higher contents of volatile material and developed off-flavor. Fruit of'Yar'pear treated with 2 and 4ml/kg of ethanol increased the sweet taste and aroma, but higher ethanol concentration showed off-flavor.

对苹果挥发性物质成分的分析表明，2及4ml/kg的乙醇处理增加了苹果特征风味挥发性物质的组分及含量，使水果呈现果香和花香，改善了苹果的品质，而6ml/kg的乙醇处理也能增加苹果果香，但由于强烈果香味的乙酸乙酯等组分在所增加的挥发性物质中所占比例较大，果实呈现浓烈的果香，并使果实的在口中的余味较差，在感官评价中稍差。2和4ml/kg的乙醇处理增加鸭梨甜味，并具有清爽的果香味，而高剂量的乙醇处理余味较差。4ml/kg乙醇处理，在挥发性物质组分数量上与对照差异不大，但却使乙醇形成酯类增加，使鸭梨果实呈现浓郁的果香。

5Under powerful offensive denfense,failing in resolving the offending problems is one of the leading reasons that it lost in the world men ' s basketball championship;the quantity of the fast attacks from chinese team lags behind a lot,compared with the opponents.Moreover,the difference of the quantity of success,the gap of score and fast attacks after stealing is very obvious; scoring could only be attributed to receive and shoot,play by oneself and free throw.Scoring method is simple and unscattered;strategic offenses lag behind the opponent obviously.Both free throw after active offense and rebound control could not defeat the rivals.The stealing and offense succeeding percentage also fall behind. The offense efficiency lags more behind;the number of two – piont shot lags behind the opponent while the field goal percentage ranks a little higher than opponent.The number of three-point shot is similar, but the field goal percentage is obviously different;chinese team ' s front court rebound falls behind the opponent apparently.However,the second offense scoring is a little higher;chinese team ' s assists lags behind a lot;chinese team ' s stealing lags behind a lot;chinese team ' s turnovers distingguish a lot with opponents.

在强对抗的攻击性防守下中国队不能解决好进攻的问题是世锦赛失利的最主要的原因之一；中国队的快攻次数与对手的差异具高度显着性，成功次数的差异具显着性，得分的差异具高度显着性，断球后发动快攻的差异具显着性；得分主要集中在接球得分、单打得分、和罚球得分这三个方面，得分手段单一而且集中；战术进攻与对手呈差异有高度显著性，作为主动进攻的罚球和争夺篮板球都比对手低；抢断与对手的的差异具显着性，进攻成功率与对手的有一定的差距，进攻效率的差距更大；2分球的投篮次数与对手的具有高度显著性差异，命中率比对手稍高一点，3分球投篮次数相当，命中率具有显著性差异；中国队的前场篮板球与对手相比具有显著性差异，但是二次进攻得分却比对手略高一点；中国队与对手的助攻相比有显著性差异；中国队的抢断与对手相比具有高度显著性差异；中国队的失误与对手相比具有高度显著性差异。

Randomly adopted 1000 students from 6 country middle schools and 4 country elementary schools, and get 813 available subjects. We can find that: the percentage of Left-behind children is the largest in the whole children, especially Left-behind children who have only one parent; and mentally healthy situations of Left-behind children are poorer than those who are not, the poorest are children who are looked after by compeers or even no rearings; the situations of children who have been Left-behind children also are not so good, there are significant differences mentally healthy between them and those who have not been, while anxiety scores are only a little lower. And there are differences in sex, grade, quarter, single or not and years parents being out among those who are Left-behind children. There are differences of parenting styles among different styles of children caring. Totally speaking, the scores on positive parenting styles of no left-behind children(such as warmth of father and mother) are higher than those who are and who have been left-behind children, but the scores are obviously lower on negative parenting styles such as punishment from father or intervening punishment from mother. The regression equation of anxiety scores on left-behind children set by parenting styles also depends on children caring styles. Positive parenting behaviors of parents and caring people have positive influences on mentally healthy of children, for instance, some supporting and mood warmth., while some negative behaviors such as rejection have negative influences.

随机抽取了江西省的6所农村中学和4所农村小学，调查学生被试共计1000人，有效被试为813人，对调查数据进行分析后发现：留守儿童所占的比重在全体儿童中最大，尤其是单亲看护人的留守儿童；而且，留守儿童的心理健康状况也显著低于非留守儿童，情况最差的是同辈看护或无看护的留守儿童；曾留守儿童的心理状况也不尽如人意，它与非留守儿童的心理健康差异达到了显著水平，心理焦虑总分只是稍低于留守儿童总体；并且，留守儿童的心理健康同样存在着性别、年级、独生与否、住宿与否以及父母打工年数的差异；不同看护类型的留守儿童父母教养方式存在着差异，总的来说，非留守儿童积极性的教养方式(如父亲温暖、母亲温暖等)得分要高于留守儿童和曾留守的儿童，而在很多消极性的教养方式如父亲惩罚、干涉，母亲干涉惩罚等等上，留守儿童与曾留守儿童的得分又要显著高于非留守儿童；家庭教养方式对留守儿童焦虑总分的回归方程视儿童的看护类型而定，父母和看护人的一些积极性的抚养行为对儿童的心理健康有着积极的影响，比如情感温暖或者支持温暖等，但是一些消极的比如拒绝等对留守儿童的心理健康就有负面的影响。

Leaves with petiole 15-50 cm; leaflets 2-8 pairs; petiolules short, less than 5 mm, stout; blades abaxially becoming brown when dry, adaxially deep green, slightly shiny, first pair ovate, evidently smaller, gradually larger toward leaf apex, elliptic-ovate to narrowly elliptic, 3-20 cm, leathery, abaxially densely tomentose, adaxially hairy only on midvein and lateral veins, lateral veins ca. 10 pairs, tips not reaching margin, base broadly cuneate to rounded, margin entire, apex obtuse or rounded, rarely acute. Inflorescences compound racemose, only branched once, densely flowered on upper part of branches; bracts subulate.

叶柄15-50厘米；小叶2-8 对；小叶柄短，不到5毫米，坚固；干燥时的叶片背面的变得的棕色，正面深的绿色，稍发亮，第一对卵形，明显小，逐渐大在叶先端，椭圆状卵形的到狭椭圆形，3-20厘米，革质，背面的密被绒毛，正面有毛的只在中脉和侧脉上，花序复总状，只是分枝一次，在分枝的上半部分上的花密集；苞片钻形。

To work these large, heavy sheep on gentler land, the dogs did not need as much speed and agility. Instead, they needed a lower center of gravity and enough size to be able to withstand a charge from big, angry ewes defending their lambs.

为了放牧这些体型较大、重量稍重一点的羊，狗不太需要太快的速度和敏捷，而是需要重力中心底一点、足够的身材来抵御来自保护自己羊羔的愤怒的大型绵羊的冲击。

Green leaves, like a pin stripes main vein from the leaves has been grown out of the final Linked leaves vein became a long Juanxu, Juanxu the bottom of one of the 10-centimetre-long "bottle", whatever the field through the lips, then there is a bottle phenomenon, This is the lid -- like bottles favorite insect leaf cages, fishing worms Capsule cones shaped, slightly lower expansion, and some like pig cage, so that pitcher plants.

嫩绿的叶子上，一根大头针般粗细的主叶脉从叶片上一直生长出来，最后连着叶片的叶脉成了一根长长的卷须，卷须的底部系着一只十余厘米长的&瓶子&，瓶口的唇向外翻，瓶子上方还有一片小叶，就像瓶子的盖子―――这就是爱吃虫子的叶笼了，捕虫囊圆筒形，下半部稍膨大，有些像猪笼，故称猪笼草。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。