确定

This paper introduces the principle and unit of measurement of turbidimeter,a kind of instrument used to measure the content of undissolved particulate matter suspending in water or other transparent liquid.In this article the measurement uncertainty of relative indication error in the method recommended in verification regulation of turbidimeter(JJG880-1994)for turbidimeteris estimated.The sources of standard uncertainty component are analyzed in detail.The combined standard uncertainty and effective degree of freedom are calculated.

本文介绍了用于测量悬浮于水中的不溶性颗粒物质含量的仪器浊度计的测量原理和计量单位，并依据计量检定规程（JJG 880-1994）中检定示值相对误差的方法，对示值相对误差的测量结果进行不确定度评定，具体分析了各个不确定度分量的产生，并合成标准不确定度及有效自由度。

Whereas fuzzy control has been playing a bigger and bigger role in traffic signal timing, many parameters, like the shape of membership functions and their distribution upon the whole universe of the discourse, plus the determination of universe width and fuzzy rules set, are always set up bluntly ahead of time. Worse yet, once done, all parameters will remain unchanged in the whole course.

但由于经典模糊控制器的参数，例如隶属度函数的形状及其在论域上的分布，论域范围的确定以及模糊规则集往往是预先根据人的经验确定，且一经确定在整个控制过程中就不再改变。

When one carefully considers this accumulation of data, it begins to seem probable that an archetype in its quiescent, unprojected state has no exactly determinable form but is in itself an indefinite structure which can assume definite forms only in projection.

当一个人仔细考虑起这些累积起来的数据时，就可能会看到存在一个处在静止、未投射状态的原型，没有严格确定的形式，但在它内部一个不确定的结构可以通过投射中的确定形式假设出来。

Comparing to the standard specification, numerical calculation has some merits, i.e., high precision, unstinted with lay down, which may be applied to determine actual current capacity for power scheduler department.

利用数值计算的方法确定地下敷设电力电缆及其环境的温度场，并由此确定电缆的载流量与标准给定方法相比具有精度高、基本不受敷设条件限制等优点，为电力调度部门提供了一个可以用于工程实际的载流量确定方法。

Rule and knowledge Since 1873 the English wingfield creation modern times tennis,in 1874 has determined the location size and the net height. In 1875,the English board ball club has formulated the tennis contest rule. InJuly, 1877, the entire English board ball club were more for theentire English board ball and the lawn tennis club, and first timeconducted Wimble to ascend the male tennis singles match, latter bythis organization determined the tennis location was a rectangularplane, the length 78 feet (23.77 meters), the width 27 feet (8.23meters), the scoring used the world ancient old style method, namelywon for 1 minute to call "16", won for two minute to call "30", wonfor 3 minute to call "40". In 1884, English London Mary central forcedthis board ball club determination tennis net highly is 91.4centimeters.

自1873年英国温菲尔德创造近代网球后，1874年确定了场地的大小和网子的高低。1875年，英国板球俱乐部制定了网球比赛规则。1877年7月，全英板球俱乐部更多为全英板球和草地网球俱乐部，并第一次举办温布尔登男子网球单打比赛，后由这个组织确定网球场地为一个长方形的平面，长78尺（23.77米），宽27尺（8.23米），计分采用世界古老式方法，即胜1分叫"16"，胜两分叫"30"，胜3分叫"40"。1884年，英国伦敦玛丽勒本板球俱乐部确定网球球网中央高度为91.4厘米。

Further, the paper develops conceptual design patterns for deploying internal facilities of a logistics yard based on forecasts of goods movements which determines the size of the.

在对物流和物流节点进行分类研究的基础上，根据规划年各货物品种流动路线及其他外部条件，确定备选物流节点位置，并对其进行比选，最终确定物流节点规划布局方案；同时，根据物流方向预测结果，科学合理地确定各个物流节点的规模，并专门针对物流园区内部设施的布局提出概念性设计模式。

At the same time, on the base of analysis of the present situation, the development trend and the leading edge technology, the necessity and feasibility about the exploitation of the full hydraulic bulldozer"s sate monitoring and fault diagnosis system is given; According to the structure, working feature and working environment, it works out system schema and system composition; The system is divided into display module, communication module and fault diagnosis module by means of block design, the implementation method and key parameter are also given; In light of the features of the full hydraulic bulldozer, the state monitoring and fault diagnosis platform composed of controller RC6-9 and display DI2/10 is designed based on CAN-Bus and the hardware design is completed; It lists the measured values and state of monitored parameters which should be real-time displayed in monitoring module as well as the data which will be transmitted; Furthermore, On the base of the study of, it gives 34 kinds of constant faults" diagnosis methods; Using BODAS software and DPS software, it compile the program code of the controller and the displayer; At last, this paper design and make the simulation test device of control system of construction machinery, through the experiment, the realizability, the categoricalness, the reliability, the stability and real-time are tested, in addition, the improved methods are given.

本文收集整理了国内外智能推土机研究的相关文献资料，综合分析了国内外智能推土机的研究现状、发展趋势和前沿技术，论证了开发全液压推土机智能系统的重要组成部分&全液压推土机状态监测与故障诊断系统&的必要性和可行性；根据全液压推土机的结构、作业特点和作业环境，制定了全液压推土机状态监测与故障诊断系统方案，确定了系统的结构组成；采用模块化设计方法，将整个系统分成了显示、通信和故障诊断三个模块，给出了各模块功能的实现方法，确定了各模块的关键技术参数：选用RC6-9和DI2／10作为系统的控制器和显示器，用CAN总线搭建了系统的通信平台，完成了系统的硬件设计；确定了系统监测参数和通信数据，对全液压推土机常见故障特征进行了分析，给出了34种常见故障的诊断方法；在BODAS软件和DPS软件的集成编程环境下，编写了控制器和显示器程序；设计并制作了工程机械控制系统模拟试验板，并在此基础上通过多次的程序调试与试验，对所设计的全液压推土机状态监测与故障诊断系统功能的可实现性、完备性、可靠性、稳定性和实时性进行了检验，证实了此系统的可行性，并提出了进一步的改进方案和措施。

A valve of cleanable design capable of maintaining unfavourable conditions for microbial activity on the downstream side and/or outlet of the valve, said valve comprising: A smooth and contoured body ( 5 ) with an integral upstream connector ( 1 ), downstream connector and defined fluid flow path; a flexible sealing membrane ( 9 ) being: selectively moveable into contact with the valve body to close the valve; selectively moveable out of contact with the valve body to open the valve; selectively operable to a range of positions to vary the flow rate of fluid through said valve; a defined internal shape that allows the fluid to drain out of the valve body; an elongated heater ( 7 ) secured into the valve body in a location so as not to be contact with the fluid or disrupt the internal smooth and contoured body, the heater being operative to heat the valve body to a predetermined temperature.

一种清洁设计阀，它能够在阀的下游侧和/或出口维持微生物活动的不利条件，所述的阀包括：一个平滑仿形主体(5)，它具有整体式的上游连接器(1)、下游连接器和确定的流体流动路径；一个柔性密封膜(9)，所述的密封膜：可以选择性地移动以便与所述阀体接触，从而闭合所述的阀；可以选择性地移动以便不与所述阀体接触，从而打开所述的阀；可以选择性地操作到一定范围的位置以改变通过所述阀的流体的流速；一个确定的内部形状，所述的内部形状允许流体从所述的阀体上排出来；一个细长的加热器(7)，它固定在所述阀体内的一个位置，以使加热器不与流体接触，或者说加热器不扰动内部平滑的仿形体，所述的加热器可以操作以加热阀体到预先确定的温度。

During using anaerobic fermentation slurry as insecticide, there had many problems that are random using, non-strictly prevention and curing time, non-suitable temperature and consistency mixture ratio ctc. In this research, fristly the different mixtures are made according to the different ratio of slurry to additive. Then the insecticidal effects of the mixture are tested in different conditions so as to find the good matches of slurry and additive in laboratory. According to the up result of the good matches extents of mixture, the field experiment is made to test the mixture's insecticidal chraricter and is further found new dosage form which has many good indexes such as good insecticidal effectiveness, little additive dosis ctc. So as to looking for the dosage form's synergism, the significant analysis is done and the characters of the dosages are tested which are ecological and environmental and the new types of dosage are determined. At last, for proving the dosage's field insecticidal potency, the wide field area experiments are done and four new style dosages are triturated which adapt ecological agriculture development. Aadditionally the effective period of the mixtures are tested when other experiments are done.

本文针对厌氧发酵液作为杀虫剂施用时，随用即配和无严格的增效剂种类、喷施时间及温度、浓度配比等现象，首先对各添加剂与厌氧发酵液配成的不同浓度的混和剂在不同条件下进行实验室测试，确定杀虫率高的浓度范围，进一步细化各混和剂浓度范围作田间试验，选出杀虫效果好，添加剂量少等各项指标都好的剂型并进行显著测定，确定出各剂型的增效情况；然后对选出的剂型进行生态和环保特性测定，以便确定新剂型，最后对选定剂型作大区试验来验证田间杀虫药效，最终研制出了4种适合生态农业发展的新型无污染药肥，并对选出的混合剂进行了有效期实验测定。

Centering on these two purposes, this paper sets up the architecture and functional model of Virtual Coordinate Inspecting System , determines its characteristics, determines its working process that from inspection planning、path planning、movement simulation、measurement uncertainty analysis of inspected parameters and assessment of inspectability according to user's demands.

围绕这两个目的，本文首先建立了虚拟坐标测量系统的体系结构和功能模型，确定了虚拟坐标测量系统的特征，确定了根据用户需求进行测量方法设计和路径规划，进而进行测量过程运动仿真、被测参数的测量不确定度分析和可测量性评估这一工作过程。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。