硬膜

Objective: To compare the clinical effect of combined spinal-epidural anesthesia and continuous epidural anesthesia on cesarean section.

目的：比较腰-硬联合麻醉和硬膜外麻醉在剖宫产术的临床效果。

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of different intravertebral anesthetic techniques in elderly patients undergoing lower extremity surgery.

目的：比较连续硬膜外麻醉、腰硬联合麻醉、连续腰麻用于高龄患者下肢手术的临床效果。

The type of neuraxial technique included spinal anesthesiain 325 (57%) patients, epidural anesthesia or analgesia in 214(38%) patients, continuous spinal anesthesia in 24 (4%) patients,and a combined spinal-epidural technique in four (1%) patients.

轴索阻滞的种类包括：325名患者麻（57％）、214名患者硬膜外麻醉或镇痛（38％）、24名患者连续麻（4％）4名患者腰硬联合麻醉（1％）。

The needle reaches the disk via a medial border of the articular processes approach or posterolateral approach.During the former approach,2 ml air was injected to save space for needle trajectory when the needle tip was positioned out of the theca medulla spinalis in the vertebral canal.

采用小关节内缘进路或安全三角入路，前者确定针尖位于椎管内硬膜囊外后，推注2 ml空气推移同侧硬脊膜囊，为针道留出空隙。

Objective To study the pathogenesis and clinical symptoms of patient with central type of interˉvertebral disc protrusion manifested intermittent claudication as the mainly clinical presentation,so as to reach the early diagnosis and treamtmet in time.Methods In58cases,X-ray film,lumbar discography,CT examinations were done to confirm the diagnosis,then total laminectomig was performed to reveal the vertebal body without involving small arˉticular process.Intervertebral tissue was excised via duralotomy approach in2cases in remaining56cases,through right and left longitudinal syndesmotomy to resect the nucleus pulposus of lumber intervertebral disc.Results In58cases treated by operation,the operative findings were in according with the X-ray and CT examinations ofpre-opˉeration.

目的 对呈间歇性跛行主要临床表现的中央型椎间盘突出症患者的发病机制和临床表现进行研究，达到早诊断、早治疗方法对58例患者进行X线拍片，腰椎碘造影，CT扫描检查，根据检查结果确诊后，采用全椎板切除显露椎体，未累及小关节突，2例经硬膜切开入路切除间盘组织，余56例经从双侧用神经剥离子带棉片将硬脊膜带神经根向中线剥拉至显露圆形突出物止，分别从左右纵韧带摘除髓核。

Methods In58cases,X-ray film,lumbar discography,CT examinations were done to confirm the diagnosis,then total laminectomig was performed to reveal the vertebal body without involving small arˉticular process.Intervertebral tissue was excised via duralotomy approach in2cases in remaining56cases,through right and left longitudinal syndesmotomy to resect the nucleus pulposus of lumber intervertebral disc.Results In58cases treated by operation,the operative findings were in according with the X-ray and CT examinations ofpre-opˉeration.

对58例患者进行X线拍片，腰椎碘造影，CT扫描检查，根据检查结果确诊后，采用全椎板切除显露椎体，未累及小关节突，2例经硬膜切开入路切除间盘组织，余56例经从双侧用神经剥离子带棉片将硬脊膜带神经根向中线剥拉至显露圆形突出物止，分别从左右纵韧带摘除髓核。

The most common cause is dural pathology, in which a cavity lesion is associated with a small bleeding source such as a telangiectasia.

最常见的病因是硬脑膜病变，硬膜腔病变常伴有诸如毛细血管扩张之类的小出血灶。

Purpose: 1.0x0.4cm laminectomies were performed in 8 healthy adult rabbits at L3 and L5. One of the defeats was left alone as control,the other defect was covered with Fibrin Glue.The FG was polymerized to be stable membrane after 3-5 minites. The animals were sacrificed in 4 weeks after the operation.

目的：本实验选用健康成年白兔8只，在L3、L5部位切除椎板形成两处1.0X0.4cm缺损，一缺损作为空白对照，另一缺损在硬膜外喷洒医用生物蛋白胶（Fibrin Glue，简称FG），FG于3-5分钟后聚合成为稳定的薄膜覆盖于硬脊膜上。

MethodsRetrospective analysis of the clinical data,surgical method and prognosis in 43 cases of epidural hematoma straddling sinus was made.All the 43 cases underwent bone flap craniotomy straddling sinus,reposited the bone flap.

方法对43例骑跨静脉窦硬膜外血肿病例的临床资料、手术方式和预后进行回顾性分析。43例患者均采用跨窦骨瓣开颅，骨瓣复位，窦旁硬脑膜悬吊于骨瓣相应位置的骨孔上。

Fruit ovoid, slightly compressed dorsally; ribs thick-obtuse, very prominent, irregularly denticulate especially along ribs, denticles stiff-membranous or with stiffly scarious-processes and hairs; furrows narrow; vittae 1 in each furrow, 2 on commissure.

背的果卵球形，稍压扁；棱厚钝，突出，不规则具小齿特别沿着棱，小齿硬膜质或具硬突起和毛；棱槽狭窄；油管每棱槽1，在合生面上2。

Since historical times,England ,where the early inhabitants were Celts, has been conquered three times .

从有历史以来，英国，在此地早期居住的是凯尔特人，已经被征服了三次。

Bluetooth OBEX File Transfer Enables the sending and receiving of files on your phone via Bluetooth.

蓝牙OBEX文件移动允许经过蓝牙传送和接受文件。。。。