痛觉

All 11 limbs affected by hypalgesia and thermhypesthesia had abnormal CSPs, whereas no spinothalamic deficit was noted in any limb with normal CSPs.

所有出现四肢痛觉和温度觉迟钝的11例病例中，都出现了CSPs异常，但CSPs正常的病例中没有发现脊髓丘脑损伤。

Capsaicin excites nociceptive afferent nerves to produce warmth when initially applied, but with repeated application it desensitizes unmyelinated nerve fibers to produce hypalgesia without also causing patients to experience a reddening or blistering.

最初辣椒素刺激疼痛传入神经产生温暖，但通过它的反复刺激，使无髓神经纤维不敏感，从而产生痛觉迟钝，也没有造成患者能够体验到发红或者起泡。

The hyperalgesic effects induced by NC (13-17) could not be antagonized by NC (1-13) NH〓 or naloxone.

以上结果表明：NC的代谢进程是NC在痛觉或其它活性方面的关键，在这个过程中，将NC降解为较短片段的酶解过程起到重要作用。

The time course of expression of TNFα mRNA in the spinal cord is not completely consistent with the hyperalgesic behaviors, TNFα maybe more involved in the early phase of neuropathic pain.

脊髓TNFαmRNA的表达变化与大鼠痛觉过敏行为并不完全吻合，TNFα更多地参与神经病理性疼痛起始环节。

Using a rat model of chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve, we found that pharmacologic ETA receptor antagonism acutely and significantly reduced thermal and mechanical hyperalgesic responses 5 days after injury.

利用小鼠坐骨神经慢性收缩性损害模型，我们发现， ETA 受体拮抗药能快速地明显地降低损伤5天后热和机械的过敏性痛觉反应。

The hyperalgesic effect induced by intrathecal injection of atosiban might be more profound in rats with ligation than in rats with inflammation. The results revealed that the roles of endogenous and exogenous oxytocin are different in different pain models.

不同痛觉模型间催产素镇痛作用的比较鞘内注射催产素所引起的镇痛效应从弱到强的顺序是：正常大鼠、炎症痛大鼠、神经损伤性痛大鼠。

Comparisons between oxytocin-induced antinociception in different hyperalgesic models The order of antinociceptive effects induced by intrathecal administration of OT is: in normal rats, in rats with inflammation, in rats with ligation .

这些结果提示，在正常及炎症痛大鼠，催产素系统和阿片系统彼此参与介导对方的镇痛效应；而在神经损伤性痛大鼠，催产素系统和阿片系统在痛觉调制上是相对独立的。

Subhypnotic concentrations of propofol did not lead to any hyperalgesic effects.

同时输注瑞辬太尼有协同止痛效果(0.025mg/kg/min和0.05mg/kg/min的瑞辬太尼分别比實otilde；照组减轻疼痛62%+/- 26%和58%+/- 25%)，但是撤药后，疼痛和痛觉过敏要比實otilde；照组增徠。

"Sleep disruptions were similar in the NR and RD conditions, but did not involve REM sleep; the effects on pain threshold observed in the RD condition were therefore due specifically to the loss of REM sleep, not to the disruption of sleep per se," noted Dr. Roehrs."We found that REM loss itself was hyperalgesic."

Roehrs博士强调，在无快速眼动睡眠的因素下，NR及RD的睡眠干扰情况皆类似；在RD状态时，疼痛感受值会受到影响，这主要是因为丧失快速眼动睡眠的关系，而不是睡眠本身受到影响；我们发现，快速眼动睡眠的丧失，本质上就是痛觉过敏。

"Such findings suggest that the relationship between disturbed sleep and pain is bidimensionsal not only does pain disrupt sleep, but disrupted sleep may enhance pain," Timothy A Roehrs, PhD, lead investigator, told Medscape."We were interested in determining whether loss of REM sleep itself is hyperalgesic."

Timothy A Roehrs博士向Medscape表示，这项试验结果显示，被干扰的睡眠与疼痛之间的关系是双向性的；亦即，疼痛不仅会阻扰睡眠，睡眠受到阻扰也会加强疼痛的感觉；我们想要探究的是，短少的REM睡眠，本身是否就是痛觉过敏。

I am sure after a few weeks of adaptation and familiarization I will have no difficulty in functioning on a daily basis in an English speaking society or in participating fully in graduate studies.

在大学的三年的学习生活不仅给予我自身的充实，更重要的是磨练和培养了我较强的自觉能力和严谨，踏实的作风以及不怕困难的精神，对未来充满了信心！

As the first volcanoes erupted, one of the gases that bellowed out was steam.

在第一批火山喷发时，喷出的气体之一就是水蒸汽。