痛觉

Objective The experiment studied the effects of acetylcholine and M-receptor agonist pilocarpine on the electric activities of the pain-related neurons in the locus ceruleus of normal rats,in order to further study the role and the interaction of ACh and LC in the modulation in the algetic sense.

目的 本实验观察大鼠侧脑室内加入外源性乙酰胆碱后，蓝斑核（Locus ceruleus，LC）痛反应神经元的电变化，以及M受体激动剂毛果芸香碱的激动效应，进一步研究ACh和LC在痛觉调制中的作用及其相互关系。

Of or related to algometry.

痛觉测验计的或与之相关的。

The mean probability ofno response to pressure algometry was 23%± 35% whenpatients required fentanyl for pain control.

病人接受芬太尼来控制疼痛时对压力痛觉测定无反应的平均可能性是23%± 35%。

Previous studies in our laboratory have shown that hypothalamic arcuate nucleus and locus coeruleus play an important role in pain modulation and acupuncture analgesia.

该研究室以往工作表明，下丘脑弓状核和蓝斑在痛觉调制和针刺镇痛中具有重要作用。

The patient was a 66-year-old male who presented with paraparesis. On examination, strength was 5/5 in both upper extremities and 3-4/5 in both lower extremities. Pricking sensation was relatively retarded below the sixth thoracic vertebra on both sides. Fine-touch sensation was limited below the ninth thoracic vertebra on the right side and below the eleventh thoracic vertebra on the left side. Responses to vibration and joint position sense were well preserved. Deep tendon reflexes were increased in his legs. He had voluntary anal contraction and preserved anal and bulbocavernous reflexes. MRI revealed dissection of the descending aorta from T4 to T10 levels with thrombus present in the false lumen, and the thoracic cord was marked atrophy, especially from T6 to T8 levels. To the best of our knowledge, no such case had been reported so far.

这是一位66岁的男性病患，到院时以下半身轻截瘫来表现，检查后发现其双上肢肌力为5/5而双下肢肌力则为3-4/5，刺痛觉在两侧第六胸椎以下异常，轻触觉在右侧第九胸椎与左侧第十一胸椎以下异常，震动觉与本体感觉则皆属正常，深肌腱反射在两下肢均有异常增强的情形，肛门的主动收缩正常且肛门反射与球体海绵体肌反射均正常，核磁共振影像显示降主动脉在T4到T10处有剥离的情形并於伪腔内发现血栓，此外，病患之胸部脊髓则有明显萎缩的现象，以T6到T8处最为明显，就目前可见的文献资料，并无类似的报告被提出。

Autogenous nucleus pulposus was removed from the coccygeal vertebral and placed into the back of left L(5~6) nerve root,The modle of the no...

结论杜仲腰痛丸有减轻非机械压迫性髓核对神经根损伤后所导致的机械痛觉过敏，提高痛阈的作用。

These results illustrated that the change of immune system may cause the change of neuroendocrine system correspondently.

这一结果说明，当免疫系统发生变化时，可相应地引起神经内分泌系统发生变化，从而就有可能对痛觉产生调节作用。

This study aims to evaluate the safety and patient acceptance of a minimally invasive assisted local anaesthetic technique for endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy.

视觉模拟评分（0-10）的平均痛觉分级为1.56。有92%的患者愿意将这种麻醉方式推荐给他人。这种镇静辅助局麻技术是安全的，可以被患者所接受的。

Objectives A rat model sciatic nerve crush injury was reproduced in rat, and behavioral changes, pain threshold, thermal withdrawal latency and the changes in c-fos expression in cornu dorsale medullae spinalis were examined, and the relationship between peripheral nerve regeneration and hyperpathia was explored.

目的 建立大鼠坐骨神经挤压模型，观察其神经恢复过程中行为学、机械痛阈值、热缩足反射潜伏期以及脊髓背角c-fos表达（对c-fos表达产物：Fos蛋白阳性的神经元进行计数）的改变，探讨外周神经损伤再生与痛觉过敏的关系。

E. , ACTH antagonizes the analgesia mediated byμand δ opioid receptors, but notκreceptor;(2) The antagonizing effect of ACTH on opioid analgesia is proposed to be mediated by ACTH receptors, although the latter has not been characterized;(3) A contradictory interaction on intracellular cAMP content may constitute one of the postreceptor mechanisms underlying ACTH antagonism of opioid analgesia;(4) Another proposed mechanism of the anti-opioid effect of ACTH is that ACTH can modulate opioid-induced suppression of calcium influx;(5) ACTH has been shown to induce Fos protein expression in selected areas of the rat brain including the nuclei involved in pain regulation as well as the ependyma of the third ventricle and the aqueduct.

根据以上实验结果，本论文首次提出以下论点：（1）ACTH在脊髓水平对抗阿片镇痛具有受体选择性，即ACTH可对抗μ受体和δ受体介导的镇痛，不对抗κ受体所介导的镇痛；（2）由于ACTH与阿片μ受体的肽类配体的结合位点仅有很低的亲和力，与μ受体的非肽类配体的结合位点以及δ受体无亲和力，推测ACTH是通过中枢内的ACTH受体介导发挥抗阿片效应的；（3）ACTH抗阿片作用的受体后作用机制之一是在cAMP信使通路水平与阿片发生相互作用；（4）ACTH抗阿片作用的另一受体后机制是在〓水平影响阿片的效应；（5）通过Fos蛋白的诱导揭示：ACTH可以作用于脑内多个核团，其中包括许多与痛觉调制有关的核团，推测ACTH可能通过激活这些核团的神经元而发挥其中枢效应。

I am sure after a few weeks of adaptation and familiarization I will have no difficulty in functioning on a daily basis in an English speaking society or in participating fully in graduate studies.

在大学的三年的学习生活不仅给予我自身的充实，更重要的是磨练和培养了我较强的自觉能力和严谨，踏实的作风以及不怕困难的精神，对未来充满了信心！

As the first volcanoes erupted, one of the gases that bellowed out was steam.

在第一批火山喷发时，喷出的气体之一就是水蒸汽。