由...引起

This paper is based on previous studies of value premium. The sample is from Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Market, all the A stocks issued before 1999 are included. The paper tries to answer three questions:(1) whether there is value premium in Chinas stock market;(2) whether the value premium is caused by risk premium;(3) whether the value premium is caused by investor sentiment.

在这种背景下，本文在借鉴前人已有研究成果的基础上，选取上海证券交易所和深圳证券交易所1999年1月1日以前上市的全部A股为研究对象，试图研究三个问题：第一，中国股票市场是否存在价值溢价现象；第二，价值溢价是否是由风险补偿引起的；第三，价值溢价是否是由投资者情绪引起的。

This allowed us to identify 9 patients with an urticarial eruption that was characterized histopathologically by a perivascular and interstitial neutrophilic infiltrate with intense leukocytoclasia but without vasculitis and without dermal edema.

这有助于我们通过荨麻疹出疹是由剧烈的白细胞破碎导致血管周围间质嗜中性白细胞渗出引起而不是由血管炎和皮肤水肿引起的组织病理学特征来鉴别这9名患者。

According to discrete conception, mechanism of image blur caused by uniform motion is analyzed. Mathematical models of image blur and restoration by uniform rotation motion are established by means of Z transform.

从离散直观角度分析了由匀速旋转运动引起图像模糊的机理，通过Z变换方法，建立了由匀速旋转运动引起图像模糊的退化模型和恢复模型，并给出了快速算法。

Objective Condyloma acuminatum is a hyperplastic disease caused by Human Papillomavirus and locates at external genitals and perianal area HPV infection is widespread in the population and associated with a broad spectrum of human diseases ranging papillomas to anogenital from benign condyloma, common skin warts, laryngeal cancers and cervical cancer.

目的 尖锐湿疣又称生殖器疣，是由人类乳头瘤病毒(Human papilloma virus，HPV)引起的皮肤粘膜增生性疾病，其中主要是由HPV6和11型引起，主要通过性接触传播。

Cirrhosis may also be caused by metabolic diseases (Wilson's disease, hemochromatosis, and alpha 1 - antitrypsin deficiency, all of which can be diagnosed by laboratory tests and/or liver biopsy) or toxins (diagnosed by positive history for drugs, environmental or industrial toxins, and confirmatory lab investigation).

硬化也可由代谢疾病引起（威尔逊氏病，血色沉着病，α-1型胰岛素缺乏症，以上均可在实验室检验或经肝活检确诊）或由毒素引起（可以经用药史，接触环境或工业毒素史，或实验室检查判断）。

Dermacentor species predominate as a cause in North America, while Ixodes mainly causes the disease in Australia.

在北美，该疾病主要由革蜱属的蜱引起，而在澳大利亚则主要由硬蜱属的蜱引起。

A detector array target of laser distant-field detect system is designed, and two key factors are analyzed. To determine the size of the array target, the laser diffract effect and the influence of atmospheric turbulence are discussed, three factors that influence the resolution of the array target are analyzed. Three factors are the dimension of laser speckle resulted by atmospheric turbulence, space sampling frequency based on sampling theory and the loss of the frequency spectrum function of the array detector.

设计了一种激光远场直接探测系统，对系统中的两个关键问题进行了讨论，一、在探测器阵列靶板尺寸的确定问题上讨论了激光的衍射效应和大气湍流的影响；二、在探测器阵列靶板分辨率的确定问题上讨论了激光的衍射效应和大气湍流的影响；对第二问题讨论了对其有影响的三个方面：大气湍流引起激光碎斑尺寸，由采样定理决定的空间采样率，由阵列探测器的频谱函数引起的损失。

METHOD: The following tests were made:①test with of hemopoietic inhibition induced by cyclophosphamide on mice,②Carban particles clearance test,③Erythrolysin formetien test,④Swimming test,⑤Hypoxia test,⑥Sedation test,⑦Hypnosis test.

①由环磷酸胺引起的小鼠造血系统抑制模型；②小鼠碳粒廓清试验；③小鼠溶血素形成试验；④小鼠游泳试验；⑤小鼠耐缺氧试验；⑥小鼠旷野活动试验；⑦由戊巴比妥钠引起的小鼠催眠模型。

However, grade II CT signs did not always result from type 2 occlusion; 21.1% of patients with grade II CT signs had type 4 occlusion. When the MCA trunk is short, the lateral group of the lenticulostriate arteries may arise from the M2 segment[2, 12]. In such cases, type 4 occlusion may also involve the lateral or posterior part of the putamen.

但是，II级早期CT征象（部分壳核后外侧区出现低密度）并非仅仅由2型大脑中动脉闭塞（包括部分豆纹动脉在内的大脑中动脉主干闭塞，豆纹动脉部分受累）引起；本研究中，21.1%深部大脑中动脉分布区出现II级早期CT征象（部分壳核后外侧区出现低密度）的患者，是因4型大脑中动脉闭塞（大脑中动脉M2段闭塞）引起的；这些患者的大脑中动脉主干均很短，因此外侧豆纹动脉群（lateral lenticulostriate arteries）是由大脑中动脉M2段发出的；此时，4型大脑中动脉闭塞（大脑中动脉M2段闭塞）也可以导致壳核后部或外侧部出现低密度（深部大脑中动脉分布区II级早期CT征象）。

The syphilis is one kind of dissemination disease which syphilitic spirochaeta spirochetes spirochaeta pallida causes by, is one kind of whole body chronicity infectious disease.

梅毒是由梅毒螺旋体引起的一种性传播疾病，是一种全身性慢性传染梅毒是由梅毒螺旋体引起的一种性传播疾病，是一种全身性慢性传染病。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。