有效点

Though several leak detecting methods are available, they are not ideal inapplication scope, including responses speed and accuracy of leak localization. In thisdissertation, according to the conditions of pipeline transportation in our country,research is carried out on crude oil transported pipelines leak detection and locationtheory and the study on its supervisory system is given.

本文结合我国管道输送的实际情况，针对原油管道泄漏检测技术及其运行监测系统进行了深入的研究，主要进行了以下几个方面的工作：将小波变换技术引入到负压波特征拐点的捕捉，利用连续小波变换时间-尺度特性检测信号的奇异点，能够有效的检测出强噪声背景下的信号边沿，此外，还提出了负压波法泄漏检测中误报警消除的多种方法。

A modified adaptive forecast algorithm presented in this paper has effectively solved the problem of incoordinate between forecase time and actualtime.

采用一种改进型自适应预报算法，有效地解决了预测时间点与实际时间点不一致的预测问题。

Chapter 4,based on strong efficiency rather than efficiency or weak effi-ciency,discusses the similar problem to chapter 3.The concepts of strongsupremum and strong infimum for the set in finite-dimensionalEuclidean space are given,s-conjugate functions and s-subdifferentials theory is developed,by means of which,the duality problem ofmulitobjectivre programming for strong efficient solutions or called absoluteoptimal solutions is analysed,and a new duality theory-s-conjugateduality theory is proposed.

第四章，基于强有效性而不是有效性和弱有效性，给出了类似于第三章的结果，提出了有限维欧氏空间中集合的强上、下确界等概念，研究了点集映象的强共轭函数和强次微分问题，建立了点集映象的s-共轭函数及其s-次微分理论，并借助于这一理论，讨论了多目标规划关于绝对最优解或称强有效解的对偶性问题，建立了基于强有效性的s-共轭对偶理论。

By extending the concepts of supremum and infimum in real space to the casein any finite-dimensional Euclidean space a weak supremum set and infimumset theory with respect to cones for the set in finite-dimensional Euclideanspace is developed,and several similar properties to the set in real space are ob-tained,with the concepts of this weak supremumset,w-D-conjugate maps and w-D-subdifferentials theory for the point-to-setmap are developed,and its several properties and its relationships with weakefficient solutions of the multiobjective programming are studied.

推广实空间中上、下确界的概念至任意有限维欧氏空间，建立了有限维欧氏空间中集合的锥弱上、下确界集理论，得到了与实空间中十分相似的性质。借助于这一理论，应用上、下确界的概念，给出了点集映象的w-D-共轭映象及w-D-次微分理论，并研究了它们的若干特性及其与弱有效解之间的关系，此外还讨论了弱鞍点问题。

Aimed at the characteristic of multiple types of faults possibly happened in nuclear power plant, large scale of training sample, and requirement of quick and accurate diagnosing, after the analysis of large sample number generated by large fault type exceeds limitation of 64K paragraph in DOS and large number of local minmum in error surface, measurements of same format of data file, Win95/NT operating system platform, resetting weight learning rate, dynamic training set in quick learning algorithm and improvement on quick learning algorithm using homotopy method which can avoid local minmum points in error surface have been adopted to ensure quickly and effective process of the course of neural network's training and testing.

针对核动力装置可能发生的故障种类多，训练样本规模大，故障诊断需要快速准确的特点等，分析了样本多和故障种类多产生的训练样本量超出DOS段大小和网络误差曲面上局部极小值多的情况，采取了使用相同格式数据文件、Win95/NT操作系统平台，对快速学习算法采用重置神经网络权值学习率和动态训练集、并采用能够有效克服网络误差曲面上局部极小点的同伦方法对学习算法进行改进等措施保证神经网络训练测试过程的快速、有效地进行；针对装置发生的故障须快速、准确诊断的需要，分析了故障的产生对装置参数变化的影响及操纵员对故障诊断的基础，在核动力装置发生故障时参数曲线的变化量与正常运行时参数曲线的变化量存在明显差异的基础上，提出采用参数曲线的变化量作为神经网络的输入，并围绕参数变化量的方法采用二次曲线拟合滤波求变化量和阈值技术来保证神经网络得到精确的装置参数变化量，从而得到准确的诊断结果。

Unfortunately, the achieved nonlinear analysis techniques are only workable for tracing the equilibrium path of limit point types.

目前的结构非线性稳定分析技术大多对极值点失稳型问题较为有效，但对分枝点失稳型问题则困难较多。

The computation results on real seismic data show that mutual information in the sliding observation window can indicate the existence of the seismic signals to be detected. Through the pickup of the rising-break or the peak point of mutual information, the arrival time can also be effectively estimated.

计算结果表明，互信息量随滑动窗口移动的变化情况可以明确标示出待测地震信号的存在，通过提取互信息量的突变点或峰值点，能够有效拾取地震波的初至时刻。

The computation results on real seismic data show that mutual information in the sliding observation window can indicate the existence of the seismic signals to be detected. Through the pickup of the risingbreak or the peak point of mutual information, the arrival time can also be effectively estimated.

计算结果表明，互信息量随滑动窗口移动的变化情况可以明确标示出待测地震信号的存在，通过提取互信息量的突变点或峰值点，能够有效拾取地震波的初至时刻。

When it is used to solve contact problems,multiplepairs of contact points can be updated in each iteration,other thansome methods such as Thail-Van de Panne method and Goldfarb-Idnani method,which update only one pair of contact points at eachiteration.

用拟有效集方法解接触问题，每次迭代可以更换一组接触点对而不是某些方法只能更换一个接触点对，因此大大提高了解接触问题的效率。

Do hereby and hereon solemnly and sincerely swear, that I will always hide, conceal and never reveal any part or parts, any point or points of the secrets or mysteries of or belonging to Free and Accepted Masons in Masonry which may heretofore have been known by, shall now or may at any future time be communicated to me" etc."These several points I solemnly swear to observe under no less penalty, than to have my throat cut across, my tongue torn out by the root and my body buried in the sands of the sea","or the more efficient punishment of being branded as a wilfully perjured individual, void of all moral worth.

The principle contents of the promises are according to Pike：兹和在此郑重和诚恳宣誓，我将永远隐藏，隐瞒和从来没有透露任何一部分或几部分，任何一点，或点或机密的奥秘，或属于自由和接受砖瓦匠，在砌体可能在此之前已知道，现在或可在任何未来的时间传达给我"等"这些几点，我郑重宣誓观察下，不低于刑罚，比有我的喉咙贯穿，我的舌头蹂躏由根和我的身体埋在金沙的海洋法"，"或更有效地惩治正在品牌作为一个故意perjured个人，作废，所有道德价值。

What are your goals and strategies for growth?

你的成长目标和策略是什么？

And unto the angel of the church in Sardis write; These things saith he that hath the seven irits of God, and the seven star I know thy works, that thou hast a name that thou livest, and art dead.

3：1 你要写信给撒狄教会的使者，说，那有神的七灵和七星的，说，我知道你的行为，按名你是活的，其实是死的。