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Methods: 1. Experimental laparoscopic liver resection: We selected pigs as experimental models aiming to approach human beings physiological and anatomical condition. After CO2 pneumoperitoneum was established, the ligaments around liver were dissociated. Livers were cut off by the methods such as clamp dissection, microwave tissue coagulator, ultrasound dissector, Ligsure dissection, hand-assisted, short abdominal incision laparoscopy-assisted, and Endo-GIA switcher. The operation time and bleeding volume were compared between different methods of laparoscopic liver resection. The advantages and limitations of different methods were summarized. 2. Clinical laparoscopic liver resection: 15 cases with tumors in segment V of anterior right lobe or segments II, III of left lateral lobe or segment IV of left internal lobe were selected in this study. The liver diseases included hepatocellular cancer, hepatic cavernous hemangioma and hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia. The ligaments around liver were dissociated after CO2 pneumoperitoneum established. Laparoscopic liver resection were carried out by some of the methods combined such as clamp dissection, microwave tissue coagulator, hand-assisted, short abdominal incision laparoscopy-assisted, ultrasound dissector, rotation and suction dissector.

1、实验性腹腔镜肝切除：以猪为实验动物，旨在接近人体的生理、解剖环境下进行实验，建立操作空间后游离肝脏周围韧带，采用钳夹分离切肝法、微波刀切肝法、超声刀切肝法、Ligsure切肝法、手辅助腹腔镜肝切除法、小切口腹腔镜辅助切肝法、Endo-GIA切肝法等方法实施腹腔镜下肝切除，比较不同切肝方法的手术时间、出血量，总结各种方法的优越性及其局限性。2、临床腹腔镜肝切除：选择肿瘤位于肝右前叶第Ⅴ段、肝左外叶第Ⅱ、Ⅲ段及左内叶第Ⅳ段的15例患者，病种包括原发性肝癌、肝海绵状血管瘤、肝脏局灶性增生，建立气腹后游离肝脏周围韧带，采用钳夹分离断肝、微波刀固化后断肝、手辅助腹腔镜肝切除、小切口腹腔镜辅助肝切除、超声刀断肝、旋吸断肝等多种方法分离切线肝组织，暴露管道结构，再采用高频电凝、钛夹夹闭、缝扎止血、止血纱布覆盖、氩气刀止血、生物胶止血、Endo-GIA处理等多种方法相结合处理肝断面，统计手术完成情况、手术时间、手术出血量、术后并发症及术后住院时间等，评价腹腔镜肝切除的可行性及安全性。

Using the method of linear response theory in lattice dynamics on the basis of Tyson's model, the response displacements of atoms on cleavage plane at the incipience of brittle fracture was derived and an expression for evaluating brittle fracture surface energy of metals was found.

本文在Tyson模型的基础上，应用点阵动力学线性响应的理论方法，导出了脆断发生时解理面上原子的响应位移，并进而给出金属脆断表面能的计算公式。这种处理方式既保持了解理断裂面是结晶的表现，避免了局域"熔化"和"沸腾"模拟脆断的简单模型中出现的非晶化问题，也对解理面上原子临界位移做了合理估计，避免了人为规定临界位移的随意性，同时，从理论上得出的脆断时产生的声发射信号与实际探测到的量级相近。

Wuxia area was located on the eastern of northwest Junggar basin, it was a zone of bruchfalten affected by multiphase tectonic activity, have many faults and its fold morphology were very complicated, underwent three large structural activities, which happened in the late Hercynian movement, Indo-Chinese movement, and the Yanshan movement, by this,strata of Wuxia area can be divided into two primary tectonic sequences and seven secondary tectonic sequences, on plane, Wuxia area can be divided into three secondary structural units from north to south,they are foreland thrust belt, Wuxia fault fold belt and monocline belt, further, from west to east Wuxia fault fold belt can be divided into four fault fold belts.

乌夏断裂带位于准噶尔盆地西北缘冲断带东段，是一个受多期构造叠加影响的断褶带，断裂发育，褶皱形态复杂，自成盆期以来经历了海西、印支、燕山和喜马拉雅等多期构造运动，可划分为2个一级构造层序和7个亚构造层序，可划分出山前冲断带、乌夏断褶带、南部单斜带三个次级构造单元和四个更次一级的构造单元。

Firstly,we should discuss the definition of thrust belt,thrust fault,overthrust belt, reversed fault and overthrust fault and their differences,and then analyze the causes of formation and mechanisms as well as the tectonic background.

如何看待冲断带油气勘探，首先要讨论冲断带、冲断层、掩冲带、逆断层、逆掩断层的定义及其差异，然后分析冲断带的成因机制和形成的大地构造背景，冲断带油气勘探的兴衰历史。

Firstly,we should discuss the definiton of thrust belt ,thrust fault,over thrust belt ,reversed fault and overthrust fault and their differences,and then analyze the causes of formation and mechanisms as well as the tectonic background.

如何看待冲断带油气勘探，首先要讨论冲断带、冲断层、掩冲带、逆断层、逆掩断层的定义及其差异，然后分析冲断带的成因机制和形成的大地构造背景，冲断带油气勘探的兴衰历史。

Firstly,we should discuss the definiton of thrust belt,thrust fault,overthrust belt, reversed fault and overthrust fault and their differences,and then analyze the causes of formation and mechanisms as well as the tectonic background.

如何看待冲断带油气勘探，首先要讨论冲断带、冲断层、掩冲带、逆断层、逆掩断层的定义及其差异，然后分析冲断带的成因机制和形成的大地构造背景，冲断带油气勘探的兴衰历史。

Under the condition of not considering the local topology effect and using a simplified layer velocity structure , we obtain the following results:(1) For a vertical strike-slip fault, the stations located on the parallel side of the slip , the transvers component ground motions show faster attenuation than the radial component motions.

对垂直走向滑移断层而言，沿著与断层面走向平行分布的测站，其与断层面走向平行分量的峰值，和其他二分量相较之下，有较明显的衰减趋势；而沿著与断层面走向垂直分布的测站，其与断层面走向垂直分量的峰值，和其他二分量相较之下，有较明显的衰减趋势。

So the depth(20-40cm)of fertilizer application could be as best depthfor delaying the senescence of flag leaf and root system and gainning highyield and high efficiency in dry land wheat.5 The effects of deep cultivation-root cutting on the senescence after an-thesis and yield had been studied in dry land wheat of high yield.the best ef-fect obtained from treatments by deep cultivation-root cutting in beforewinter stage,next by the treatment in the starter stage treatment and in con-trol,lastly by the treatment in the before winter stage and starer stage.

由此认为延迟旱地小麦根系与旗叶衰老并获得高产的施肥深度应在20-40cm左右。5深耘断根对旱地高产小麦花后衰老及产量的影响进行了研究，以冬前深耘断根最好，起身期深耘断根与对照次之，冬前和起身期都深耘断根效果最差。

In order to analyze and correct this effect, the method to calculate turn-off time is given. According to theoretical TEM response of multiturn loop source, TEM response affected by linear and half-sine turn-off current was calculated, and Taylor's series expansion was used by calculating TEM response of half-sine turn-off current. The two mode's responses, linear mode's response and half-sine mode's response, were analyzed in turn-off time 2μs-100μs.

为了分析和校正这种影响，文中给出了关断时间的计算方法，根据多匝回线源产生的瞬变场理论解析式，计算了线性和半正弦关断电流影响下瞬变场表达式，计算半正弦关断电流产生的瞬变场时将正弦函数进行泰勒展开；分析了关断时间在2 μs~100 μs之间两种关断模式产生的瞬变响应。

The shortening amount,ratio, rate of of Wuboer area is 32km,40.2%,7.17mm/a,respectively.(3) The Kuzigongsu fault subsidence has several asymmetric half-graben depressions from west to east.These half grabens are characteristic of west-faulting and east-overlapping.According to this phenomenon,the source of the sediments may be mainly from "Wulagen Uplift" to the west when the basin formed.

3认为库孜贡苏断陷盆地自西向东发育多个不对称的侏罗纪箕状断陷，断陷结构为西断东超，说明该盆地形成时主要物源来自于西部的&乌拉根隆起&，由此揭示了南天山西段冲断带东西部分古生界分布差异性的原因。

I'm strongly against the death penalty — it's an eye for an eye.

我不赞成死刑——这是以牙还牙的报复行为。

And to get you the support you need, we're enlisting all elements of our national power: our diplomacy and development, our economic might and our moral suasion, so that you and the rest of our military do not bear the burden of our security alone.

并给你们所须的支援，我们正徵召国家所有各种的力量：我们的外交及发展，我们的经济力量与道德劝说，所以你们与其他军人不须要孤独地负起国家安全的责任。