探针

To resolve the question about direction cosine when three-COMERO produced by COORD3 works, the formula of direction cosine of every probe is demonstrated in geometrical relationship from the explanation about gauging and qualification of probe, which provides academic proof for the probe worked correctly.

摘 要：针对COORD3公司三坐标测量机使用中有关方向余弦的疑点，从探针的标定和校正入手，对每个探针的方向余弦公式进行了几何关系上的论证，为探针的正确使用提供了理论依据。

Firstly, the relationship of Atomic force and distance is studied. The scan type of samples and the working mode of probe is confirmed, then PZT is chosen as actuator for micro scan displacement, and optical deflexion method is used to detect the deflexion value of cantilever. After all these work, the system light path design is finished, and its mathematical model is completed.

首先，分析了原子力探针系统的中原子力–距离的关系，并确定探针系统的探针的工作模式和样品的扫描模式，从而选择压电陶瓷作为扫描微位移驱动器；采用光学偏转法检测微悬臂偏转量，并选用了PSD作为传感元件，并在此基础上进行了系统光路设计及其数学模型的建立。

"The advantage of our method lies in the smallness, flexibility and precision with which the illuminated area of material can be chosen," Dwyer told nanotechweb.org."Hence, the experimentalist can precisely select the area of material she wants to analyse, and be confident that the surrounding areas are not interfering with her analysis."

对电子显微镜而言，由於物镜工作距离的限制，电子探针与样品常常无法同时被聚焦，因此大部分采用平行式探针的实验都是在探针离焦(out-of-focus)下进行，不幸的是，这种方法会产生如夫奈尔条纹之类多余的图形，因而不如易从绕射图形中精确选出待分析的样品体积。

By Faradic impedance technique,a significant increase of the interracial electronic transfer resist- ance R_ was determined when the SH-ssDNA probe/Au electrode hybridized with its comple- mentary sequence.

实验中对DNA探针的自组装时间、杂交温度、杂交时间和阻抗测量液等实验条件进行了观察和优化；通过选择自组装液中SH-ssDNA探针和RSH的浓度，减少DNA在金电极表面的非特异性吸附，同时保证金电极表面自组装的SH-ssDNA探针有合适的疏密度，提高了杂交效率。

Based on the theory of evanescent wave and mode matching in probe,the geometric figure of probe was designed,and five group probes were made.

根据光纤探针的倏逝波理论和模式匹配理论对光纤探针的几何形状进行了设计，制作了数组光纤探针并根据需要对其中一部分进行荧光标记。

A method for detecting the presence of a target nucleic acid sequence in a sample, said method comprising subjecting said sample to an amplification reaction using a set of nucleotides, at least one of which is fluorescently labelled, contacting amplification product with a probe under conditions in which the probe will hybridise to said target sequence, said probe comprising a reactive molecule which is able to absorb fluorescence from or donate fluorescent energy to said fluorescent labelled nucleotide and monitoring fluorescence of said sample.

一种用于检测在某样品中是否存在目标核酸序列的方法，该方法包括：使用一套核苷酸对所说的样品进行扩增反应，其中至少一个核苷酸是被荧光标记的，在探针与目标序列杂交的条件下使扩增产物与探针混合，所说的探针包括一种活性分子，该活性分子能够从荧光标记核苷酸吸收荧光或向其贡献荧光能量，及检测样品的荧光。

Fig 1 Negative control Female umbilical cord sample has no Y-specific signal after in situ hybridization with the biotinylated Y-repeated sequence DNA probe PY3.4 Fig 2 Positive control Flow-sorted male umbilical cord cells hybridized to Y-specific DNA probe PY3.4,Every cell contains a Y-specific signal Fig 3 Fetal cells sorted from maternal blood Flow-sorted cells from a pregnant woman at 20 weeks of gestation hybridized to Y-specific DNA probe PY3.4,containing a Y-specific signal Fig 4 The result of polymerase chain reaction Lane 1:male umbilical cord NRBCs sorted by FITC-conjugated anti-monoclonal glycophorin A;Lane 2:sample of 2;Lane 3:male umbilical cord NRBCs sorted by FITC-conjugated anti-CD36;Lanes 4-5:samples of 1 and 3;Lane 6:50 cells of male;Lane 7:5 cells of male;Lane 8:200ng male DNA(positive+control);Lane 9:nonpregnant female DNA(negative+control);Lane 10:ΦX174 HaeⅢ Maker,271bp:amplified band of Y-specific gene SRY;383bp:amplified band of human β-globin gene

图1 阴性对照女性脐带血标本，经与生物素标记的Y-染色体重复序列DNA探针原位杂交后未见Y-染色体特异信号图2 阳性对照分选的男性脐血细胞经与Y-特异DNA探针杂交后，每一细胞都含有Y-染色体特异信号图3 母体外周血中分选的胎儿细胞从一位妊娠20周的孕妇外周血中分选出的细胞经与Y-特异DNA探针杂交细胞中含有Y-染色体特异信号图4 聚合酶链反应结果 1：GPA-FITC单抗分选男胎脐血NRBCs；2：2号标本；3：CD36-FITC单抗分选男胎脐血NRBCs；4、5：1、3号标本；6：50个男性细胞标本；7：5个男性细胞标本；8：200ng男性DNA；9：未孕女性DNA；10：ΦX174 HaeⅢ标准，271bp：为SRY基因扩增带；383bp：为人β-珠蛋白基因扩增带内参照

The Wentworth MP2020 is a semi-automatic prober of laboratory and industrial production line to measure PCM parameter, the chuck which used for different temperature tests can be heated or colded.

探针台Wentworth MP 2020_allwin21 探针台Wentworth MP 2020是实验室和工业生产线的PCM参数测试用的半自动探针台，载片台可以加热或通冷媒，用于不同温度的参数测试。

As mentioned earlier, these introductions include their second-generation 300mm prober, the EG6000, their extended 200mm prober, the 4090μ+, and their prober-based strip test handler, Sidewinder.

正如前面提到的，这些技术包括：第2代的300mm探针台EG6000、延展性能的200mm探针台4090μ+，以及基于探针台技术的strip测试机械手Sidewinder。

Relationship between Frequency change and target DNA concentration showed a simple saturation curve.

采用膜表面自组装技术，能使DNA探针与膜牢固结合，且分布均匀；探针与靶序列浓度增加均使压电传感器上杂交量增加，但探针浓度过大时反而抑制杂交，靶序列浓度与频率变化之间呈饱和曲线关系。

Means the parent directory, so this command means to execute "toolchain.sh," which is in the current directory.

代表父目录，所以这个命令就是执行当前目录下的"toolchain.sh"。

Yes,In fact,I'm on our city ream.

是的。事实上我是我们市队的。