拉裂

Reasonable design of the blank will decrease the possibility of wrinkle and fracture, and increase the formability obviously.

合理的毛坯形状设计将使得冲压过程中材料的流动更加合理，从而明显地减少起皱、拉裂的发生，提高成型件的品质，并尽可能节省材料。

The basal contact friction experiment is adopted to simulate surrounding rock's deformation in all phases after excavating the tunnel ,thus we can get that the deformation is divided into three phases: incurvate－ripping－collapse.

采用底摩擦试验方法对隧道开挖后围岩变形各阶段进行模拟，由此得出该隧道开挖后围岩的变形过程分为弯曲内鼓－拉裂－折断塌落三个阶段，其结果与现场定性判断相吻合。

Therefore, it appears that a new interpretation of the origin of the pull-back signal in planar spall experiments is required and the instrumental determination of spall strength should be involved in the damage evolution in the spall process.

因此，平面层裂试验的"拉回"信号必须赋予新的解释，层裂强度的实验确定必须涉及层裂过程中的损伤演化。

Therefore, Changning-Menglian ocean basin is a small-scale in tercontinental rift ocean basin, and formed by pull-apart and spreading on the basis of the epeiric sea after Caledonian movement.

因此，昌宁-孟连带洋盆为一宽度不大的小型陆间裂谷洋盆，是在加里东运动之后的陆表海基础上经拉裂扩张而成。

The movement of the water-cooled mould relative to the ingot is essentia...

同时认为，对于抽锭式重熔过程来讲，结晶器与钢锭之间的相对移动，实际上是接触钢锭表面的渣壳内侧渣璧相对于被拉裂的与结晶器接触的渣壳外侧渣壁的剪切运动。

In this paper, the 3-D finite element relocating mesh method is used to calculate the temperature field and the thermal creep stress field of spillway dam and mid level outlet dam in certain roller compacted concrete gravity dam, sensitivity analysis have been down with different parameters, such as placing temperature, the location of cooling pipe, cooling temperature, time for water supply, ascended-layer of concrete, intermissive time and different placing time, and the commendatory construction scheme have been put forward in such analysis; according by the test result on the two scheme of concrete aggregate combination (basalt as coarse aggregate and limestone as fine aggregate, basalt as coarse aggregate and basalt as fine aggregate), simulation analysis on temperature field and thermal creep stress field of the commendatory construction scheme have been down, and analysis have also been down on temperature field and thermal stress field of the two different aggregate combination, the result indicates that the spillway dam and mid level outlet dam which adopted these two aggregate combination can both satisfy the require of design crack resistance in concrete, furthermore limestone as fine is better than basalt as fine aggregate; the effect of summer water storage and winter water storage on the temperature field and thermal stress field have been analyzed, comparing with winter water storage, in summer water storage scheme the maximum tensile stress at abnormal concrete in upstream fill is decreased by 0.1～0.3MPa and there are no evidence change of the maximum tensile stress at other parts, which indicate that summer water storage is avail for the crack resistance of upstream fill; according to the simulation calculating result and comparing temperature simulation calculating results and temperature controlling measures of some similarity projects both completed and construction, synthesis appraise have been carried to the design temperature controlling measures of dam, and the temperature controlling measures of this project have been brought forward, all these have great reference value on the design of temperature controlling measures and the optimization of the construction scheme.

本文采用三维有限元浮动网格法仿真计算程序，对某碾压混凝土重力坝的溢流坝段和中孔坝段分别进行了三维有限元温度场和温度徐变应力仿真计算分析，对浇筑温度、冷却水管的布置方式、冷却水温、通水时间、浇筑升程和间歇时间、不同开始浇筑日期等参数进行了敏感性分析，在此基础上提出了推荐的施工方案；根据两种骨料方案(玄武岩粗骨料+灰岩细骨料方案；玄武岩粗骨料+玄武岩细骨料方案)的混凝土性能试验研究成果，对推荐的施工方案进行了温度场和温度徐变应力仿真计算，并对比分析了两种不同骨料情况下的温度场和温度应力，结果表明溢流坝段及中孔坝段采用上述两种骨料均能满足混凝土的抗裂设计要求，且灰岩细骨料优于玄武岩细骨料；计算分析了夏季蓄水和冬季蓄水对坝体温度场和温度应力的影响，夏季蓄水方案与冬季蓄水方案相比，坝体上游变态混凝土区域最大拉应力小0.1～0.3MPa，其他部位最大拉应力无明显变化，夏季蓄水对坝体上游面混凝土的抗裂有利；根据仿真计算成果并通过比较国内一些已建和在建的类似工程的温度仿真计算成果及采取的温控措施，对大坝的设计温控措施进行了综合评价，并提出了该工程的温控措施，对温控设计和优化施工方案具有重要参考价值。

The tensile deformation ahead of the crack tip makes the lathy packet turn toward the direction being beneficial to crack tip passivation and to toughness.

在裂尖前的拉伸变形使α＇板条堆转动，板条界趋于与裂尖前进方向垂直，利于裂尖钝化和冲击韧性。

Hydropower project is usually built on high mountain canyoned river reaches, then this terrain condition causes deep factures.

水电工程常建在高山峡谷地带，这样的地势条件决定了常遇到深部拉裂问题。

Based on soil permeability and its two damage mechanisms (i.e. tensile failure and shear failure), a new method for determining critical thickness of base plate of foundation pit is presented based on elastic theory.

根据基坑底板土的渗透性及其破坏机制，基于弹性力学理论，按受弯拉裂破坏模式和剪切破坏模式计算确定基坑底板土层临界厚度，通过算例和分析，与传统确定临界厚度的计算方法进行了对比。

If the slope＇s rockmass is low counter-inclined or thick-interbedded with soft interlayer, its failure model is inclined to be tilting-collapsing; if the slope＇s rockmass is homogeneous and thin-bedded with hard discontinuity, its failure model is inclined to be splitting-collapsing; if the slope＇s rockmass is low sequence-inclined with densely deep tectonic joints and weathering fissures, its failure model is inclined to be sliding-collapsing.

当缓倾内层状岩质边坡的岩层较厚，岩性呈软硬互层状产出，或岩层间软弱夹层较厚时，常发生倾倒-崩落式破坏；当缓倾内层状岩质边坡的岩层较薄，且岩性较均一，或层间结构面力学性质较好时，常发生拉裂-崩落式破坏；当缓倾角层状岩质边坡岩层倾向坡外时，在陡倾构造节理和风化卸荷裂隙切割下，常发生滑移-崩落式破坏。

I'm strongly against the death penalty — it's an eye for an eye.

我不赞成死刑——这是以牙还牙的报复行为。

And to get you the support you need, we're enlisting all elements of our national power: our diplomacy and development, our economic might and our moral suasion, so that you and the rest of our military do not bear the burden of our security alone.

并给你们所须的支援，我们正徵召国家所有各种的力量：我们的外交及发展，我们的经济力量与道德劝说，所以你们与其他军人不须要孤独地负起国家安全的责任。