护理者

The results of this study revealed that nurses' perception of nurse role function increased, such as educator, supervisor, manager, delegator, and leader. The nursing direct activities decreased, especially in helping patient change position, taking a bath, and changing diaper. On the other hands, the nursing indirect, relative, and personal activities increased, including conducting nursing assistant about skills of health care, confirming their work, certifying their document, time of duty shift, participating meeting and continuous education.

结果显示技术混合照护模式实施后，护理人员自觉其担任教育者、督导管理者、领导者、委派者等角色功能增加；执行病人照护基本需求，例如协助病人翻身、维持身体清洁等直接护理活动减少；指导与确认辅助人员照护工作正确性与完整性、交班时间等间接护理活动增加；参与在职教育、会议等相关护理活动增加；工作压力、憋尿情形增加。

During this group patient is changing cure, 1.2 harmful response all differ of degree have the whole body difference of lack of power, accept, epigastrium bilges frowzily feeling, have among them constipation and / or defecate secret person 97, occupy 38.8%, gastric bowel path reacts person 79, occupy 31.7%, the person that marrow is restrained 31, occupy 12.4%, oral cavity ulcer person 18, occupy 0.7%. 2 before changing cure, nurse 2.1 elaborate psychology nurse, eliminate patient of mental obstacle old age to have in all many sided such as nerve, physiology, thinking not at patient of other age group, together with is mixed to the fear of cancer distressed mood, cause very easily angst and / or depressed mental state.

其中食管癌173例(术后138例)，贲门癌42例(术后27例)，乳腺癌16例，肺癌11例(非小细胞型肺癌3例)，非柯杰金氏淋巴瘤7例。1.2不良反应本组患者在化疗期间均不同程度的有周身乏力、纳差、上腹部闷胀感，其中有便秘和/或大便秘者97例，占38.8%，胃肠道反应者79例，占31.7%，骨髓抑制者31例，占12.4%，口腔溃疡者18例，占0.7%。2化疗前护理2.1精心心理护理，消除精神障碍老年患者在神经、生理、思维等诸多方面有别于其它年龄组患者，加之对癌症的惧怕和忧伤情绪，很易引发焦虑和/或抑郁的心境。

Results:Before surgery, 39 patients with paroxysmal pain, after surgery, 84 patients with pain immediately disappeared, reaching 94.4%, 12 patients with mild throat discomfort, 2 patients with cough of short-term drinking water, 1 patient with hoarseness, the follow-up in the 3 months to restore Conclusion:Preoperative care focus on patients with Glossopharyngeal neuralgia are primarily on the preparation and pre-operative pain attack, as much as possible to avoid the attack of the pain, postoperative complications, mainly care, treatment and care through to complications as soon as possible.

结果：39例术前出现发作性疼痛，术后89例患者立即止痛者达94.4%，12例出现轻度咽部不适，2例出现短暂的饮水呛咳，1例出现声音嘶哑，经随访在3个月内恢复。结论：舌咽神经痛术前的护理重点主要是术前准备和疼痛发作，尽量通过治疗和护理的避免疼痛的发作，术后主要是并发症的护理，通过治疗和护理促使并发症的尽快恢复。

The manipulative person can not trust himself, he could not trust other people as well the manipulator tries to control himself by controlling other because he can't control himself. The most common manipulative behaviors include: intimidates, deceive, self- harm, demands, flatters, ingratiation and so on. The worst part of such behavior is that it will split the health professionals in some way. It also causes conflicts between nursing staff and disturbs the emotional status of them. To avoid these situations, all nursing staff should help patients with consistent attitude. In addition, nurses should master behavior of manipulators to reduce the chance of being manipulated. Helping patients to solve their problems may help build up the sense of trust and security and promote self-control. They will beable to increase recognition of behaviors, mature interpersonal relationship and gain self control.

操控者不会信任自己，更不能信任他人，他无法控制自己，所以由控制他人来控制自己，他们最常表现的操控行为，包括：威胁、欺骗、自我伤害、要求特权、谄媚、迎合他人等，比较严重的是他们会分化整个医疗团队的成员，造成成员之间的冲突及情绪上的困扰，为了避免这些状况产生，所有的成员应该要达成共识，用一致性的态度来帮助病人；另外，护理人员要熟知操控者的行为表现，减少被操控的机会，同时灵活运用问题解决方法，来协助病人对他人产生信任感、安全感及增加对自己的控制感，以达到增加行为的认知，学会成熟人际关系，达到自我控制的目的等预期结果。

Without the standard and the regulation, nursing educators have no guidelines for integrating domestic violence and sexual abuse prevention and intervention into nursing curriculum. This article aims at describing the vision and the schematization, arousing nurses' and nursing educators' resonance, and coming up a common view about integrating domestic violence and sexual abuse prevention and intervention into nursing curriculum. This will contribute to nurses' greater performance and their decisive roles in domestic violence and sexual abuse prevention and intervention.

本文期望由检视现今国内护理教育中家庭暴力及性侵害防治的课程与对未来之愿景与规划的描述，唤起护理从业人员、护理教育工作与政策制订者的共鸣并凝聚共识，将家庭暴力及性侵害防治的课程做整合与规范并列入护理教育课程中，期使护理人员在工作职场上更有效的防治家庭暴力与性侵害，并更称职得扮演此举足轻重的角色。

Those who had no schoolfellow in their work units tend to use the "emotional suppression " coping strategy.

对「督导支持」和「自主」的知觉得分显著高於工作在采全责护理模式照顾病人的工作单位；工作单位有毕业校友者在「参与」方面的知觉得分显著高於工作单位没有毕业校友者；（3）应届毕业新进护理人员采用的因应策略，依序为「寻求社会资源」、「计划与期望」、「认知压抑」和「情绪处理」，显示采取主动性因应大於压抑性因应方式；（4）在工作单位中没有毕业校友者，愈倾向采用「情绪处理」的因应策略；（5）在工作环境中对人际关系向度（参与、同侪凝聚力、督导支持）的知觉愈高，愈倾向采用「计划与期望」的因应策略；对人际关系向度的知觉愈高，愈少采用「情绪处理」的因应策略；工作环境中对系统维持与改变向度的知觉愈高，愈倾向采用「计划与期望」的因应策略。

Without evaginate issueing eyelid, furrow of skin issueing eyelid decreases apparently, happen without any complication. 2 nurse nurse before 1 art of 2 · 1 effective psychology communicates 1 · of 2 · [before 1] hairdressing operation must each other communicate adequately, the requirement of art of adversary of the person that know an operation, have without scar hyperplasia tendency and menstruation history.

无下睑外翻，下睑皮肤皱纹明显减少，无任何并发症发生。2护理2·1术前护理2·1·1有效的心理交流[1]美容手术前必须彼此充分交流，了解手术者对手术的要求，有无瘢痕增生倾向以及月经史。

In US discussions of health reform, there has been an overconcentration on the Canadian system—a system of public health care that makes it very hard to have private medical care—whereas in Western Europe the national health services provide care for all but also allow, in addition to state coverage, private practice and private health insurance, for those who have the money and want to spend it this way.

在美国对健康改革的讨论中，人们过度地关注加拿大体制（在这种公共健康护理体制中，人们将很难获得私人医疗护理）；然而，西欧的国家健康服务既为全民提供护理，而在国家保险之外，也允许那些有钱并有此意愿者进行私人治疗，购买私人健康保险。

The study included 1,149 primary informal caregivers, mostly spouses (41.5%) and children (39%), of people with severe chronic disabilities who needed assistance with activities of daily living (bathing, dressing, eating, toileting, etc.), as well as household tasks (shopping, laundry, cooking, money management, etc.).

这项研究包括了1149名非正式护理者，大部分是病人配偶(41.5%)和子女(39%)，这些病人均患有严重的慢性疾病，日常生活（洗澡、穿衣、吃饭、大小便等）和家务（购物、洗衣、做饭、财物管理等）需要别人帮助。

The study included 1,149 primary informal caregiers, mostly spouses (41.5%) and children (39%), of people with seere chronic disabilities who needed assistance with actiities of daily liing (bathing, dressing, eating, toileting, etc.), as well as household tasks (shopping, laundry, cooking, money management, etc.).

这项研究包括了1149名非正式护理者，大部分是病人配偶(41.5%)和子女(39%)，这些病人均患有严重的慢性疾病，日常生活（洗澡、穿衣、吃饭、大小便等）和家务（购物、洗衣、做饭、财物管理等）需要别人帮助。

If you are unfortunate enough to the lovelorn, please tell me, I will help you out, really, please contact me!

如果你不幸失恋了，请告诉我，我会帮助你摆脱困境，真的，请联系我啦！

China's plan to cut energy intensity by 20 percent and pollutant discharges by 10 percent between 2006 and 2010 is a case in point.

中国计划在2006年到2010间降低20%的能源强度和减少10%的主要污染物排放，就是一个这样的例子。