建立的

Firstly, the 3D solid model of the analyzed object is built directly in the FEM software ANSYS 8.0 without using other CAD software. The influence of the side sizes of solid elements on computing results and the influence of coupling ways between different parts on the modal parameters are researched by simply modeling. And a new connecting method about joints in ANSYS is proposed and applied to finite element modeling of the test-bed for spindle system. Furthermore, several different computing techniques for modal parameters extraction are compared in solving the finite element model of spindle system test-bed. Many modal solutions are also done to achieve the relationships between the whole or part stiffness value and computed modal parameters. The laws about joint rigid parameters" influences on modal parameters are discussed by means of altering their values for conjoint parts. And by changing local rigid parameter values, the different location selections" influence on computed modal parameters is also studied.

本文通过使用ANSYS 8.0软件直接建立研究对象的实体结构模型，而没有借助其他的CAD软件；通过构建简单的模型研究实体单元边长大小对计算结果的影响，部件之间不同的联结方式对模态参数的影响，探讨在ANSYS中实现结合部的方法，提出一种新的联结方法，并建立主轴系统试验台的有限元模型；对建立的主轴系统试验台有限元模型求解，比较几种不同模态提取方法；通过改变结合部联结单元的刚度参数进行的计算，寻找联结刚度对模态参数变化的影响规律；改变局部联结单元的刚度参数，研究刚度值位置差异对计算模态参数的影响。

This modeling method is discussed from three aspects as follows. Firstly, on enterprise model framework, enterprise model expressed by this modeling method is more particular than other, since there are the views of product process and relation in it. Secondly, in this modeling method, the modeling process that the process model of products is created first of all and other models are created according as it is presented. Using this method, enterprise model is clear and consistent. Thirdly, on the representation of views, the traditional method of IDEF is appreciably improved.

论文从三个方面对此建模方法进行了阐述：1，企业模型框架方面，基于产品过程模型的集成化企业建模方法中的模型框架包含了产品过程视图和联系视图，因而它表达的企业模型更为丰富、详细；2，企业建模过程方面，提出了首先建立企业产品过程模型、再以此为核心建立其它模型的建模过程，这样建立的企业模型主次分明，各视图之间有机统一、协调一致：3，模型视图的描述方法方面，对传统的IDEFIntegrated Computer—Aided Manufacturing(ICAM DEFinition模型表达方法提出了一些改进建议。

According to the definition of axis straightness error ,a mathematical model was developed to evaluate axis straightness error by way of least square method in the rectangular coordinates.

根据轴线直线度误差的定义，建立了在直角坐标采样时该项误差的最小二乘评定法数学模型，该模型的采样数据不需要等角度间隔采样；并用计算机进行仿真分析·结果表明，所建立的数学模型编程简单，计算出的轴线直线度误差值与真实情况的误差小于 10 -6μm·因此由本模型引入的误差可忽略不计·所建立的数学模型为研制形位误差虚拟测量系统提供了理论基础

According to two hypotheses: one for the relation between the dynamic complex stiffness and the material dynamic characteristics, another for the relation between the static displacement and the force acting on the element, the predicting formula for rectangular cross section are obtained respectively using the static stiffness formulation from the beam——column theory and the G〓bel method.

利用粘弹性材料的标准导数和分数导数模型的本构关系，建立了动态储能和损耗模量函数的关系式，由材料特性实验确定其中的参数，按元件的动态复刚度和材料动态特性之间与元件静态位移与作用力之间的关系假定，依柱梁理论或G〓bel的方法建立的静刚度表达式，建立了矩形截面环元件的刚度和阻尼的预测公式。

Database is the new database that Baidu builds to enact a new rank law, in this database in establishing a procedure, should a lot of people discover how his website didn't appear in Baidu for some time afore not the Description part of capture website, and the website of others appears in afore-mentioned phenomena, from this we can conclude it is OK that Baidu is building new B database get test and verify, the website appeared in Baidu today's phenomenon, we should OK know Baidu has been in for next rank regulation prepares, and it is important that the next will not rank influence of regard as of label of Keywords, Description will not rank influence of regard as of label of Keywords, Description regular Baidu element, even it is met throw the helve after the hatchet, turn and should do new Description to affecting the rank of website keyword with the content of own capture, corresponding do later those who optimize is difficult will increase, and Baidu will let good website appear as far as possible searching an user at the moment, so we are the following heavy name a person for a particular job meets be website oneself content to rise!

数据库算是百度为了制定一套新的排名规律而建立的新数据库，在这个数据库的建立过程中，应该有很多人在前一段时间发现怎么自己的网站没有出现在百度不抓取网站的description部分，而别人的网站出现在上述现象，从这一点上我们可以推断百度在建立新的B数据库应该可以得到验证，网站在百度中出现了今天的现象，我们就应该可以知道百度已经在为下一个排名规则做准备，而下一个排名规则百度将不会把keywords、description标签看做影响排名重要因素，甚至它会完全放弃，转而用自己抓取的内容当做新的description影响着网站关键词的排名，相应的以后做优化的难将会加大，而百度将会尽可能让好网站呈现在搜索用户眼前，那么我们以后的重点将会是网站自身内容的提高！

Secondly,The dairy district had better build a special forage production base.Thirdly,The type of pasture is annual cultivated grassland. Applying this systerm to the stable forage production base, the expendiute on green forages can be redunced by 10% in comparition wihe applying the other systerm.

结果表明：(1)不同用地类型的饲草基地，其最优的青饲料供应体系是不同的；(2)为降低奶牛小区青饲料供应成本，改善其青饲料结构，奶牛小区应建立专业的饲草基地；(3)对利用退耕地建立饲草基地的奶牛小区，其优先选用的青饲料供应体系的特点是：应用该体系建立的饲草基地，其建植的草地只存续一年。

According to the neighbor-joining tree on 75 leaf cuticle, architecture, flower and fruit characters, the traditional taxonomic system based only on reproductive characters shows some degree of irrationality. 4. Comparative embryology The developmental process of flower and fruit production was studied for the first time in Castanopsis delavayi and compared with other taxa of Fagaceae.

根据叶结构、叶表皮、果实和壳斗等在内的75个特征所建立的邻接树的分支情况大体上和壳斗科根据花、壳斗特征建立的分类系统基本一致，但是有存在不一致的情况，仅仅根据花、壳斗特征建立的分类系统具有一定的不合理性。

Many of these ventures are located in departments - thus exemplifying the point about combining academic excellence with enterprise - but they also include three thriving post-experience residential training centres (Arden House [founded in1982], Radcliffe House [1986] and Scarman House [1991]), retail outlets and an award-winning vacation conference business.

许多企业都是坐落在该校的院系中——把学术成就和企业结合起来的好想法——但是那些企业也包括3个非常优秀、有经验的当地培训中心（包括：1982年建立的阿登屋、1986年建立的拉德克利夫屋和1991年建立的斯卡曼众屋）、零售商和一个屡获殊荣的度假会议业务。

The main creating aspects are finding and clarify such a fundamental physical process that the grain boundaries emit vacancies under compressive stress to induce solute non-equilibrium grain boundary dilution and absorb vacancies under tensile stress to induce non-equilibrium grain boundary segregation, formulizing the structural equations and the composition equations in force equilibrium in grain bounary region to describe this physical processes and the kinetic equations for non-equilibrium grain boundary segregation under tensile stress, calculating the modulus in grain boundary region from the expermental data of grain bounday segregation using the structure and coposition equations and calculating the diffusion coefficients of vacancy-solute atom complexes using the kinetic equation simulating the experimental results of grain boundary segregation.

本项目的主要创新点是，发现并阐明了弹性应力场作用下空位与晶界交互作用的基本物理过程：在张应力作用下，晶界会吸收空位，引起溶质非平衡晶界偏聚；压应力作用下，晶界会发射空位，引起非平衡晶界贫化。建立了描述此物理过程的晶界区力学平衡的结构方程和成分方程；？建立了张应力引起的非平衡晶界偏聚动力学方程？；用晶界区力学平衡的结构方程和成分方程？，首次通过实验测量计算出多晶材料晶界区的弹性模量；通过建立的动力学方程模拟实验结果，首次获得溶质原子－空位形成的复合体的扩散系数。

The efficiency of mass transfer in 60% fraction of hole is higher than in 40% fraction of hole. When gas/liquid ratio is lower 10, the efficiency of mass transfer in new sieve baffle tray is higher than in traditional tray.A three-dimensional quasi-single phase computational fluid dynamics program with the RNG- turbulence model is presented for evaluating the performance of the new sieve baffle tray. The special feature of this model is taking into account the influence of heat transfer during the mass transfer and the influence of mass transfer in computing the flow field.

建立了以RNG模型为基础的三维拟单相流模型，该模型与其它研究者所建立的模型的最大进步是，前人在塔板流场的计算中没有考虑传质的影响，并且在传质过程中没有也没有考虑传热对传质产生的影响，实际上在传质过程中，抛开传热来计算和研究传质是不准确的，因为在传质过程中伴随着传热，并且传热和传质是互相影响、互相制约的，本文所建立的传热与传质模型，把传热和传质进行了有效的藕合。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。