大陆性

Anisotropism and dynamics for continental lithospheric structure and composition is one of major realms for studying continental dynamics.

大陆岩石圈结构与组成的非均匀性和动力学机制是国内外大陆动力学研究的主攻前沿领域之一。

However, it is unsubstantial for the investigation on chorology and geochemisty, and dissimilar for the research on petrogenesis and tectonic setting. Therefore, based on the isotopic chorology, petrochemistry, geochemisty and Sr, Nd, Pb isotope, the Ph.

山东地区中生代基性脉岩特别发育，这些幔源基性岩脉充填张性裂隙，是大陆地壳拉张的标志；另外，山东地区也存在大量拉张背景下的燕山期火山岩和碱性岩。

Here we propose that the heterogeneity of lithospheric thermal-rheological structure and tectonic inheritance are the controlling factors for intracontinental deformation.

大陆岩石圈热－流变学结构非均质性及其构造继承性对大陆内部构造变形起控制作用。

Thus just as earlier theories have explained the mobility of the continents, so hot spots may explain their mutability.

就像早期理论解释了大陆的可移动性一样，热点地区能够解释大陆的不稳定性。

Thus just as earlier theories have explained the mobility of the continents,so hot spots may explain their mutability.

这样，正像早期的理论解释了大陆的移动性一样，热点理论或许能解释大陆板块的不稳定性。

To study the staggered change of picture of premonitory in chinese mainland by scanning the whole space-time and arranging systemically since 1980, the state of strong earthquake being active and quietude,but what is the most important thing is the correlativity between the staggered change and the character of strong earthquakes.

通过全时空扫描，系统的整理、研究了1980年以来大陆地区地球物理场观测资料的阶段性转折变化，中国大陆强地震活动状态所表现出来的活跃、平静性发生的时段特征以及二者之间的相关关系。

Eased up globally and prosperously and it influenced that the mainland China investment environment has transferred to difference, the Taiwan trader goes to the mainland China to make the investment and ease up, the wages causes China to work and is generally deficient and organize to promise, but in a situation that ' there are few much monks of gruel ', Chinese workers to begin with the psychology that waits for the right price to sell, force enterprises to improve salary and conditions, The Chinese workers loyalty influence Taiwan treader invest to China seriously.

本研究根据管理制度、工作满足以及组织承诺等方面的关连性，透过问卷方式收集台资企业在大陆地区的员工现况，并以统计分析的变异数分析以及回归分析探讨管理制度、工作满足以及组织承诺等议题中各相关因子与构面间的差异性与相关性，并依据分析结果，分析大陆劳动的个人属性、管理制度与工作满意度、组织承诺间的相关性，作为台资企业在大陆地区人力资源的筛选以及降低如何劳动离职率的参考。

This paper therefore examines the development of "the folklore Pai-Chang of Peking opera aria in Tainan city" through literature review depth-interview oral history and participant observation The concept frame is culture organism as the vertical axle and elements of a folklore activity as the transverse axle There are several significant findings about the general picture of this subject: During the late period of Japanese colonial era Tainan local people who played Peguan music learned Peking opera aria and tried to bring Peking opera aria into the folklore Pai-Chang which was one kind performance and traditional custom of Peguan music Some people who came from other places and played Peking opera aria had also known or learned "Pai-Chang" with touching Tainan local amateurs "Pai-Chang" used to be performed by amateurs for worship of god or goddess or for seasoning and wedding celebration without rewards Amateurs volunteered to perform "Pai-Chang" only for their duty temples and fraternity of Peking opera aria The majority of the audience is people who perform or like "Pai-Chang" or who live nearby There is a fixed pattern of the performance including the repertoire and the arrangement of the band The main meaning of this performace is to pray God's blessings therefore the procedure of "Ban-Hsian" is the most essential and ahead of Peking opera aria singing With time goes by the number of the amateurs has dropped; yet the demand for the worship ceremony remains; hence some of the amateurs have been trained to become professional performers Besides although the idea and the meaning of "Pai-Chang" remains the pattern of the performance has become simplified and rigid which is because of the performers' number decreasing and market adapting Nowadays the whole ecosystem of the folklore Pai-Chang of Peking opera aria in Tainan city keep changing which is mainly influenced by the transition of the society(such as the time and space of the industrial and commercial society being compressed and most people's pursuing of specialization and utilitarianism etc ) According to the findings in this paper the phenomenon can be regarded as the subject matter both of Peking opera and folklore studies For the studies of the Taiwanese culture however the subject not only enriches the subject matters of the Taiwanese culture(signifies the localization of Peking opera and a new pattern of Taiwanese folklore) but also reflects the characters of diversification integration adaptation and compromise of Taiwanese culture which used to be influenced by different regimes and the historical contexts Facing such a multicultural context this paper thus suggests researchers should show an open-minded attitude toward the complex of the Taiwanese culture studies and then important phenomenon would not be ignored or misunderstood

代表了什麼意义？对於上述疑惑，查既有研究成果，不消没有论述者，具体提即「京调排场」现象的可说没有，基於此，有必要对台南市及其周边之民俗性京调排场，不管是语汇来由或者其现象本身，做一番研究。本研究透过文献、访谈、口述史、参与观察等方法，以文化有机体之纵的发展概念为经，以民俗表演之横切面各主客要素为纬，试图先对此文化现象调查并推论出一概貌：台南市民俗性京调排场的形成，是在京调传入台南，台南本地北管子弟改习或兼习京调后，结合北管音乐文化所固有的排场表演型态及民俗演出传统，融合而成，形成时间至迟在日治晚期。而一些不同时期的外来京调人士(如原本生长於其他地区、后移住台湾的票友，和中国大陆琴师等等)，也曾透过与当地子弟的接触，而习得或知晓「排场」语汇以及本地京调排场习俗者。此项音乐民俗表演在过往多由业余子弟於神诞或民众婚俗做寿时，对其有义务或交陪的庙宇及子弟间做酬酢性的演出，不收报酬；聆赏者多是京调同好与邻近民众，也有少数路过者；演出模式包括节目安排、乐队编制皆有一定；表演意涵上以「扮仙」祈求神明赐福人间最为重要，因此排仙必不可少，且一定先於京调演唱。随著时间推移，京调排场表演活动的各要素都有变动，惟变迁速度不一，大体而言，业余表演者锐减，人们对酬神娱神节目的需求仍在，因此一些过往的业余表演者遂逐渐转型为职业表演者。此外，虽然表演意涵不变，但在职业表演人员少、又要适应市场的情况下，表演模式亦逐渐流於简化、僵化。目前京调排场整体生态仍在转变的过程中，而这种变化应与工商社会时间空间的被压缩、事事追求专业化与尼Q化等因素有关。再者，据此概貌，在结论部分厘清其意义、定位以及其对台湾文化研究之启示。台南市及其周边之民俗性京调排场现象，可视为京剧研究与民俗研究的一环，然而对於台湾文化研究，除了其题材本身标志了京剧的本土化与台湾民俗活动之新类型，进一步扩充整体台湾文化研究的内容外，更重要的是现象背后所反映的台湾文化的多元融合与妥协适应取向。台湾的海岛地理位置与长期被不同文化背景政权所殖民的历史，其文化自然容易随社会环境改变而弹性适应变迁，呈现多元纷呈、多重覆叠的特色，因此展望未来，从事台湾文化研究应秉除单一观点，保持一定程度之开放与客观胸襟，方不忽视或误识更多重要的文化现象。

The petrology and geochemistry indicate that the protoliths of aluminum-rich gneisses are aluminum-rich pelitic and pelitic arenaceous sedimentary rocks, the protoliths of basic granulites are continental tholeiitic basalts. Therefore, the khondalite series may be produced at continental margin.

岩石学及地球化学的初步研究表明富铝的片麻岩的原岩为富铝的泥质和泥砂质沉积岩，所夹基性麻粒岩的原岩可能为大陆拉斑玄武岩，这套孔兹岩系的原岩可能形成于大陆边缘环境。

The discovery of the evidences for unequable climate affords precious data for the unequablity of the Cretaceous climate from continent center at mid-low latitudes which is a great supplement to the previous indirect data mainly from continental margin and oceans at mid-high latitudes.

变化证据的发现为白垩纪气候的非均一性提供了来自中低纬度和大陆内部的极其珍贵的直接证据，是对前人主要来自中高纬度大陆边缘和海洋的间接证据一个重大补充。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。