加工

First the math theory of machining simulation is studied, and the set structure of NC machining simulation system whose components, including time, input, output and so on, are defined. Hereby we set up the hierarchy structure, the logical structure, the static model and the dynamic model of simulation system. The construction method of sweep entity of cutter and rotation parts is researched, and their differential geometry invariants are calculated. NC code is unscrambled, and the recursion division arithmetic of time segment is put forward, which is the driven data of the movement or rotation parts. The CLDATA should be interference-free. To examine if there is interference between cutter flank and the work piece, an arithmetic that discussed the existence of intersecting curve between them is put forward. To examine if there is interference between two turrets, an arithmetic that discussed the existence of intersection set between two polygons is put forward.

首先研究加工过程仿真的数学基础，然后定义数控加工仿真系统的集合结构及时间集、输入集、输出集等概念，建立加工仿真的层次结构和逻辑结构，阐述双刀车削仿真系统的静态模型和动态模型建立方法，分析刀具扫描体和旋转部件扫描体的建立方法及其微分几何性质；研究NC代码解读技术和双刀加工时间段递归子分划技术，为驱动各仿真单元作数据准备；通过讨论后刀面和工件表面交线的存在性判断刀具后刀面与工件间是否干涉，通过求多边形的交集判断刀架与刀架是否干涉。

Tool paths, and working procedure effecting machining residual stress as well as the law of its releasing were analyzed systemically by using three-dimensional Elasto-plastic FEM, which can optimize the tool paths and make the working procedure more rational.In the course of FEM simulation, the birth-death element arithmetic was introduced into simulating material remove, and the kinetic Load-step was used to simulated tools work.

第四，在上述研究的基础上，利用三维弹塑性有限元技术系统地分析了铣削力要素下铣削加工中走刀路径对已加工表面残余应力分布状态的影响规律以及铣削加工工序间残余应力的相互影响规律，为优选出较为合理的走刀路径和加工过程中安排去应力工序提供指导。

They expect to break through this key technology as early as well, and to reduce costs of the aerospace engines and improve the performance of the complete machines.

本文在查阅了大量参考文献的基础上首先研究了带冠整体涡轮加工技术的国内外现状和发展，并对电火花加工基本原理、加工特点及加工工艺规律进行了基础研究。

On the foundation of the reasonable fixed position, according to process the process in of be subjected to the dint appearance and clip the tight dint to arrange the principle, drawing up to clip the tight dint to arrange the project reasonablely;Passing the related calculation formula, cliping the tight dint size to carry on estimate towards process in the process, choosing the size structure to clip the tight motive component reasonablely, according to an oneself of work structure and processed requests and process to be characteristics by the dint in the process, choosing the design to clip the tight organization to guarantee by attain that the work piece positions accurate reasonablely, fast .

在合理定位的基础上，根据加工过程中的受力状态和夹紧力的布置原则，来制定夹紧力合理的布置方案；通过相关计算公式，对加工过程中夹紧力大小进行估算，来选择尺寸结构合理的夹紧动力元件，根据工件自身结构和加工的要求以及加工过程中受力的特点，来选择设计合理的夹紧机构以达到保证工件的定位的准确，快速。

As to the property of its cutting and modeling, GH4169 is characterized by high intensity, high plasticity, great resistance to cutting, serious cold-work hardening, high-temperature cutting, serious abrasion of the cutting tool.

其切削加工特点主要表现为强度高，塑性大，切削抗力大，冷作硬化严重，切削温度高，刀具在加工过程中磨损剧烈，以攻丝为加工最难点，小直径的螺孔用普通攻丝方法几乎无法加工，已经严重影响了公司的生产进度和产品质量。

At present the camber process system is more advanced in china. We imported servo-drive equipment with digital control system , greatly improved our process precision, can produce multi-curve camber such as cosine curve. The process ability is up to 680mm in diameter and 10m in length.

该系统是目前国内较为先进的胶辊中高加工设备，采用进口数控系统和高精度的伺服驱动设备，使加工精度大大提高，可加工如余弦曲线等多种曲线中高，加工能力为直径680mm，长度10000mm。

In this paper, a special machine tool for drilling lubricating hole and flange hole of crankshaft is introduced.

我国在机械加工方面跟上了国外的发展，在普通的机床加工基础上，开始了用数控机床和加工中心进行加工。

Combined with DMU70V, from DECKEL MAHO, this paper presents a full work report as follows:Giving a compositive demonstration about the comparison of all type of CAD/CAM systems available in the macket , developing the proper one as the fundamental system for the study; Creating and programming the DMU70V-CAD/CAM Documentary system; analyzing Free feature modeling from the point of HSM and machining technics of 5-Axis production and the measure of HSM carried through;developing the postprocess document of HEIDENHAINTNC426 Controller which is now used on DMU70V.

同时结合德国MAHOO公司的DMU70V五坐标数控加工中心的实际情况，着重就CAD/CAM支持系统的选择论证和综合分析、CAD/CAM文件系统管理规划、基于高速加工角度的功能曲面的建模及其分析、加工过程的工艺规划和高速加工策略实现的方法、HEIDENHAINTNC426控制器后处理技术五个方面进行了探讨研究。

The variation of flow stress as a function of deformation temperature and strain rate can be described as an exponential expression.A processing map is developed on the basis of hot compressing data and by using the principles of dynamic materia...

实验结果表明在试验参数范围内存在三个特征区域：一个加工安全区：动态再结晶区；一个加工失稳区和一个不适合热加工的低耗散效率区，并根据热加工图对 GH4648合金的热变形工艺进行了初步设计。

In the course of the calendering, pressure bearing steel strip temperature is too high, the local Polish film flacherie it appropriate to reduce the pressure of the pressure and temperature light; or possibly finish and calendering technology conditions do not match the business card printing and membership card making products for layer on the surface cools, the same as the above band of light, laymch avulsing is poor technical condition so that it matches on, reducing the calender speed, to improve the optical layer on the light that is between the avulsing: same as above.

温度偏高，使制卡和会员卡制作品在压光过程中脱水过多，含水量降低，因而纸张纤维变脆，应降低压光的工作温度，并采取有效措施，保持制卡和会员卡制作品中—定的含水量；压光中压力过大，使制卡和会员卡制作品的延伸性和可塑性降低，韧性变性，可减少压光中的压力；若因为上光油的后加工适性不良，则应重新选择加工适性较好的上光油；后加工工艺条件选样不合适，可调整后加工工艺条件，使其与制卡和会员卡制作品压光后的适性相匹配。

I'm strongly against the death penalty — it's an eye for an eye.

我不赞成死刑——这是以牙还牙的报复行为。

And to get you the support you need, we're enlisting all elements of our national power: our diplomacy and development, our economic might and our moral suasion, so that you and the rest of our military do not bear the burden of our security alone.

并给你们所须的支援，我们正徵召国家所有各种的力量：我们的外交及发展，我们的经济力量与道德劝说，所以你们与其他军人不须要孤独地负起国家安全的责任。