剪

Yet for thickness shear actuators, due to the shear deformation dominates the plate deflection for shear actuation mechanism, the higher order shear theory can provide more accurate evaluation of the shear strain energy of the plate than the first-order o

但对于厚度剪切型激励器而言，由于激励器主要是引起板的剪切变形，而高阶剪切变形理论比一阶剪切变形理论能更好地反映结构的剪切应变能，因此高阶剪切变形理论可以提供板变形的更为精确的解。

Based on a series of shear creep tests of discontinuous plane with regular dentation,the relationship between shear creep and different normal stress,shear stress,and slope ratio is obtained.

文章在规则齿形结构面剪切蠕变试验的基础上，分析了剪切蠕变随不同的爬坡角、正应力和剪应力的影响，拟合了剪切蠕变曲线，并将拟合的方程与Burgers模型的本构方程进行了比较分析，讨论了Burgers模型中剪切模量、粘滞系数的变化规律及其影响因素，取得了较为理想的结论，为结构面剪切蠕变本构方程的建立提出了较为合理简便的方法。

To correct this problem of shear test, we improved the equipment of lab large-scale shear test and developed an especially new one which overcome the disadvantages of normal equipment, make the result more accuracy and can do more analyze about the shear surface, dilatability of the mixture only through shear test.

本研究对室内大型直剪试验进行了改进，研发了新型的土石混合料室内大型直剪试验系统，克服了常规直剪仪存在的主要问题，还可以进行剪胀率、剪切面起伏特征、剪切面分形等研究，使得试验结果更精确、可靠，试验分析更完善。

The results showed:among the 7 isolates, five isolates of HY3、GY1－3、ZJ1－1、HP1、FC3 had same colony shape, irregular shape, liquidlike, slimy, opacity with smooth surface;the other two isolates had same shape, irregular shape, dry, opacity with coarse surface. By inoculating eucalyptus with the 7 isolates, the plants were infected apparently, and the young plants of eucalyptus in control experiment with tap water were not infected. By cultivating eucalyptus cuttings with the bacterial suspensions without EPS, the incidence of disease was very distinct,but compared with the former bacteria suspension,the incidence of disease has decreased at different degrees. By screening out two isolates of strong pathogenicity and two isolates of weak pathogenicity from the 7 isolates,making the bacterial suspensions with them to inoculate the young plants of eucalyptus, two treatments of cutlings and ramets with rats were set with 5 repetitions in every treatment, the results of data analysis showed: for the cutlings, the bacterial contents in upper and middle parts、upper and lower had significant difference;for ramets with roots, the bacterial contents in upper, middle parts, lower had significant difference between each other; For both the cutlings and ramets with roof, the bacterial contents in xylem and phloem had significant difference. The interaction between vertical and horizontal parts for the bacterial content had significant difference. For the two isolates of HY3 and 93B which were screened out at last,their activities of the cellulase were: 1.955ug/ and 1.288ug/ respectively, and had significant difference; the activities of pectase were: 1.325 ug/and 1.24ug/ respectively, and had no significant difference. The content of EPS extracted from the two isolates of HY3 and 93B was very different: 7.08x10-8ug/cell and 5.17x10-8ug/cell.

结果显示：7个菌株中，其中5个菌株HY3、GY1－3、ZJ1－1、HP1、FC3的菌落形态相同：不规则形状、流体、粘性、不透明、表面光滑；另外2个菌株93B、GN1菌落形态相同：不规则形状、干燥、不透明、表面粗糙；用7个菌株接种剪根桉树苗，发病情况非常明显，而自来水对照实验中桉树苗却不发病；无EPS菌悬液培养桉树剪根苗，发病率也很明显，但是相比原菌液，则发病率有不同程度的下降；从7个菌株中间筛选出来2个强致病性菌株和2个弱致病性菌株，用它们配制菌悬液培养桉树苗，设置剪根和不剪根两个处理，每个处理设置五个重复，数据分析结果显示：对于剪根苗，上部和中部、上部和下部的含菌量有显著的差异，中部和下部含菌量差异不显著；带根苗，上部、中部、下部含菌量彼此之间差异显著；不管是剪根苗还是带根苗，木质部和韧皮部含菌量之间的差异都非常显著；上中下与木韧交互作用中，含菌量差异非常显著；最后筛选出来的强弱2个菌株HY3和93B，它们的纤维素酶活性分别为：1.955ug/和1.288ug/，具有显著的差别；果胶酶的活性分别为：1.325 ug/和1.24ug/，没有显著的差别，而且HY3和93B两个菌株细胞分泌的胞外多糖的含量差异很显著，分别为：7.08×10-8ug/cell和5.17×10-8ug/cell。

The plastic deformation induced due to cyclic rotation of principal stress axes alone can be in the same magnitude as that due to shear with fixed principal stress axes. 2 The volumetric strain due to shearing of cyclic rotation of principal stress axes is found to be composed of a reversible dilatancy component and an irreversible dilatancy component. The former is characterized by its reversibility and is independent of past shear history, the latter by its irreversibility increases with the increase of cycle number yet its increase rate decreases with its accumulation. 3 The obvious non-coaxiality between directions of the principal stresses and principal strain increments is found and its degree depends largely on the change of shear stress component. 4 The intermediate principal stress has considerable effects on the deformation behavior of sands in the condition of cyclic rotation of principal stress axes. The accumulation rate of the irreversible dilatancy component increases with the increase of the intermediate principal stress parameter.

具有初始各向异性的砂土在纯应力主轴循环旋转排水条件下的主要变形规律为：①纯应力主轴循环旋转可产生与应力主轴固定单调剪切处于同一数量级的塑性变形；②纯应力主轴循环旋转引起的剪切体变包含可逆性剪切体变分量和不可逆性剪切体变分量两部分，其中可逆性剪切体变分量在一周内可完全恢复，基本与应力历史无关；不可逆性剪切体变分量随循环周数的增加呈单调增加，且增加速率随其自身累积值的增大呈减小趋势；③应变增量主轴与应力主轴之间的非共轴现象显著，且在一周内具有分段性；④中主应力对应力主轴循环旋转条件下砂土的变形特性有重要影响，不可逆性剪切体变分量的累积速率随中主应力系数的增加而增加。

Similarly, if the strong shear, which could suppress all the scattering in the quiescent two phase region, stopped, the follow-up phase separation also displayed characteristics of anisotropism and relaxation, In this dissertation, the transposed"butterfly'and"streakpattern were observed for the first time within the shear-history-influenced phase separation, which is found closely relevant to the anisotropical relaxation behavior of macromolecules. 5. The phase separation kinetics of PS/PVME under oscillatory shear was further studied on the base of that done under simple shear. It is found that, under specific temperature and strain amplitude, the occurrence of phase separation is strongly contingent on oscillatory frequency and only intermediate frequency could effectively induce phase separation; If all considered oscillatory shear could stimulate phase separation, a fixed frequency can maintain specific most probable phase size and higher frequency yields smaller phase, which makes a higher elasticity but weaker stress relaxation; Furthermore, higher frequency can produces stronger compulsory oscillation on the MPPS but won't change the mean of the MPPS. Under given frequency and strain amplitude, the phase separation kinetics dramatically depends on the phase angle of oscillation and the phase separation corresponding to different phase angle follows different dynamical process.

在简单剪切场下相分离动力学研究的基础上进一步对振动剪切场下PS／PVME的相分离动力力学进行了尝试性的研究，发现：在一定温度和振幅条件下，相分离的发生强烈的依赖于振动频率，只有中等频率的振动剪切才能有效地促进相分离的发生；在都能使相分离发生的前提下，一定频率的剪切能够使体系维持一定的最可几相尺寸，较高频率的剪切导致体系形成的相区尺寸较小，因而体系的弹性效应较强而应力松弛效应较弱；同时，更高频率的剪切对最可几相尺寸的强迫振动效应越强，但不会使最可几相尺寸的平均值发生改变；在一定的振幅和频率条件下，相分离的动力学过程会强烈地依赖于相位角，不同相位角对应的相分离遵循不同的动力学过程但机理一样。

And the same number of well-known international companies in China, on its products:◎ Honda "HONDA"-Product: Series lawn grass cutting vehicles, lawn grass cutting machine, environment-friendly four-stroke cutting grass playing irrigation machines, gasoline engines, pumps;◎ the United States "TORO" produced by spray irrigation equipment: a variety of models and buried guns, electromagnetic valve, controller;◎ the United States "TORO" produced by Sports Ground Equipment: Triple hob grass cutting machines, multi-purpose transport aircraft, drilling Machine, the green grass cutting machines, machine crossed stadium turf, lawn sweeping machine, Rotary Daojian wide grass machine, suction machine leaves, lawn tractors, heavy-duty garden tractors, zero turn efficient grass cutting car use Landscaping 000 engineering vehicles ;◎ Japan's Komatsu company's Hedgerow pruning machine, a grass-cutting irrigation, logging chain saw fighting sticks, tree branches shredders, digging machine, mini-excavators;◎ Japan's Ishikawajima Shibaura company's golf equipment: air - Lawn machine, Shoufu-green grass cutting machine, triple grass cutting machine, Tuogua-triple grass cutting machine, a review of sand, cutting grass-roots comb, Shoufu pressure roller-green machine, lawn sweeping vehicles, Fertilization sowing machine, the green grass Gun pressure, green cleaning machine, knife-cut home-Bitola, rake sand machine, drilling machine;◎ Italy Italy Make the production company,"Omar card" Hedgerow cutting machines, cutting irrigation Grass-fighting and fighting sticks logging chain saw, the specifications for digging machine, gasoline / electric lawn grass cutting machine;◎ Sweden,"Sandvik" gardening tools.

并同多家国际著名公司合作，在中国代理其产品：◎本田&HONDA&通机产品：系列草坪剪草车、草坪剪草机、四冲程环保型割灌打草机、汽油发动机、水泵；◎美国&TORO&公司生产的喷灌设备：多种型号地埋式喷头、电磁阀、控制器；扫机、宽幅旋刀剪草机、吸树叶机、草坪拖拉机、重型园林拖拉机、零度转弯高效剪草车园林绿化万用工程车；◎日本小松公司生产的绿篱修剪机、割灌打草机、打枝伐木油锯、树枝粉碎机、挖坑机、小型挖掘机；根梳草机、手扶式果岭压辊机、草坪清扫车、播种施肥机、果岭压草磙、果岭清扫机、剪置刀盘托拉机、耙沙机、打孔机；◎意大利意玛克公司生产的&欧玛牌&绿篱修剪机、割灌打草机、打枝伐木油锯、大规格挖坑机、汽油/电动草坪剪草机；◎瑞典&山特维克&园艺工具。

The current production of Q11-cutting plate machine, QC12Y hydraulic tilting cutting plate machine, QH18 of a number of sheet metal cutting plate machine, Q42-bar Cutter, QA95-billet Cutter, WC67Y plate bending machines and materials CNC sheet metal school-shear open-book production line, WII Bending Machine, Cutaway fishing nets and other aircraft and more than 10 series, more than 100 specifications,"Xin fishing licence" products.

目前生产的Q11型剪板机、QC12Y型液压摆式剪板机、QH18型多条板料剪板机、Q42型棒料剪断机、QA95型钢坯剪断机、WC67Y型板料折弯机以及数控板料开卷校平剪切生产线、WII卷板机、切角机和渔网机等十多个系列、一百多个规格的&鑫渔牌&产品。

The company currently produces Q11-cutting plate machine, QC12Y hydraulic tilting cutting plate machine, QH18 Plate expected number of shear, Q42-bar Cutter, QA95-billet Cutter, WC67Y plate material bending machine NC sheet and open-book school-shear production lines, Cutaway, such as aircraft and fishing nets loom over 10 series, more than 100 specifications,"Donatelli card" products.

本公司目前生产Q11型剪板机、QC12Y型液压摆式剪板机、QH18型板料多条剪切机、Q42型棒料剪断机、QA95型钢坯剪断机、WC67Y型板料折弯机以及数控板料开卷校平剪切生产线、切角机和渔网织机等十多个系列、一百多个规格的&特利牌&产品。

Also, triple-line skeleton curve was obtained, which provide base for analyzing this kind of shear walls.

其次通7片纵横配筋的高强砌块配筋砌体高悬臂剪力墙的恢复力试验，考查了竖向荷载、剪跨比、水平配筋对该种剪力墙破坏形态的影响，以及该种墙片的强度、刚度、延性性能及能量耗散能力，并且与钢筋混凝土剪力墙相比较，得出配筋砌体剪力墙抗剪时与钢筋混凝土剪力墙的破坏形态、延性等相近的结论，由试验得出的骨架三折线，也为今后分析该种墙体的抗震性能提供了依据。

If you are unfortunate enough to the lovelorn, please tell me, I will help you out, really, please contact me!

如果你不幸失恋了，请告诉我，我会帮助你摆脱困境，真的，请联系我啦！

China's plan to cut energy intensity by 20 percent and pollutant discharges by 10 percent between 2006 and 2010 is a case in point.

中国计划在2006年到2010间降低20%的能源强度和减少10%的主要污染物排放，就是一个这样的例子。