关节炎

After establishing AA rat model,the TSPT'S antiarthritic effects and mechanism against RA were studied through observing the changes of ankle swelling,arthritis index and levels of IL-1β and TNF-α after medication.

建立佐剂性关节炎动物模型，观察TSPT对AA大鼠足肿胀、关节炎指数及炎性组织液中促炎细胞因子IL-1β，TNF-α水平的影响。

Thirteen vegetable drugs used in Chinese traditional medicine or folk medicine were screened for antiphlogistic activity in animals.

用大鼠蛋白性及甲醛性关节炎的病理模型，对十三种中医临床已用或祖国医学文献上记载的中药和从地方搜集的民间单方进行了抗关节炎作用的研究。

Other anti-inflammatory medications known as disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, such as methotrexate, are often used, but GRAPPA found that the medications are often not effective for psoriatic arthritis, even though they can be very useful for treating rheumatoid arthritis, Ritchlin said.

其他抗发炎药物被称为疾病的修改药，如甲氨蝶呤，常常使用，但格拉巴发现该药物往往不能有效的银屑病性关节炎，即使他们可以是非常有用的治疗类风湿关节炎， Ritchlin说。

OBJECTIVE: The Tight Control of Rheumatoid Arthritis study previously demonstrated that an intensive step-up disease-modifying antirheumatic drug treatment strategy targeting persistent disease activity was superior to routine care in the management of early rheumatoid arthritis.

目的：严密控制类风湿性关节炎的早期研究显示，在早期类风湿性关节炎的治疗中，针对持续的病情活动性，以缓解病情的抗风湿性药物的强化阶梯式递增作为一种治疗方案优于常规方案。

This shows that the usage of the drugs used in the treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis is a system with antirheumatic、tonic、drug for invigorating blood circulation and eliminating stasis、drugs for relieving exterior syndrome being the center. This embodied in all the drugs used in Rheumatoid Arthritis, and there is great law in it.

说明类风湿性关节炎治疗中，药物的配伍使用是以补益药、解表药、祛风湿药、活血化瘀药四类药物为核心展开临证处方体系的，这一现象在类风湿性关节炎的治疗中普遍存在，且有着很强的规律性。

OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship of knee malalignment to the occurrence of knee osteoarthritis among subjects without radiographic OA at baseline to determine whether malalignment is a risk factor for incident disease or simply a marker of increasing disease severity.

目的：测定在没有放射检查的骨性关节炎受试者发生骨性关节炎与膝关节结构不齐的关系，明确结构不齐是发生骨性关节炎的危险因素还是仅仅是病情加重的标志。

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease that disunites the extra cellular matrix of articular cartilage and is arduous to cure because cartilage is a complex and nonvascular tissue. Treatment of OA has targeted modifiable reagent to be the connective tissue structure-modifying agents and disease- modifying osteoarthritis drugs, such as hyaluronic acid or modified tetracycline.

退化性关节炎是一种缓慢渐进式的退化性疾病，目前治疗关节炎药物的研究重点，在於进一步修饰已知传统药物之官能基，使其成为具有改善连结组织结构以及减缓关节炎症状之药物。

TyPe II collagen induced arthritisln the rat ank1e joint andoVathumin as antigen induced arthritis WA in the rabbit knee joint wereestab1ish2 Qualitative evaluation of me in skin, muscle, synovium, cedilagearound joint and blood was performed by OMA3 The CIA rats were treated on day 7 after hind paw swelling and erythemaAnimals were injected intravenously with ase at a dose of 10mg/kg,tWenty minuots 1ater, one ankle of the rats random1y assigned was exPosedlaser irradiation at l00J/cm fOr l000 seconds, and another ankle wasM grouP wihout laser The other two groups is unmanipulatedcontrol group and untreated CIA group Bimaleolar ankle widthmeasuremellts were taken in all animals every tWo days using amicrometer The histopathology of the ank1e Joint was assessed at day 21after disease onset4 The pro1iferating cell nuclear antigen WCNA of CIA treated by PDT andthe HMME group without laser was doterdrined by immunohistochemiStry5 The AfA rabbits were treated on day 7 after knee swelling and erythemaThe theraPy invo1ved lntravenous injection of l0mg/kg HMME, fOl1owedby 20 minues period in dim light, and transdermal light treatment with\l00 J/cm2 fOr l000 seconds The inner sides of the treated Anees wereirradiated at first, and then the outer side did 24 hours later, the synovialtissue of the Anees joint were removed and in situ cel1 aPoptosis wasdetCCted With tednal deoxync1eotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nickend labelingR6suIt8:l The pathologic changes of CIA and AIA include subsynovial inflammation,opovial hyPerplasia, pannus formation, cartilage and bone destructionresemble RA.2 The studies demonstrated that there are different uptake of HMME withinskin, muscle, synovium, cartilage and b1ood, and the synovium cou1draPidly uPtake more ase than skin and cartilage at the firSt 30 minuesaller intravenous injection of HMME3 The bimaleolar anke width had no different among PDT treated group,H group withollt 1aser and untreated CIA group But hlstologicalevaluation showed statiStical1y significallt reductions in synovialhyperplasia, pannus formation and cart1lage reosion, bone destruction andtotal score in PDT treated group4 Image analysis showed that the ratlo bforeen the areas of the coufltedobect to that of the entire area in PDTtreated grOup is lower than that in conirol group, but the integrated oPticaldensity had no different between the two groups5 Imape analysis showed that the ratio between the area of the countedobject to that of the e

治疗组在大鼠出现踝关节红肿后1周，炎症达到高峰时进行PDT治疗。随机治疗大鼠一侧的踝关节，另。2。一一侧作单纯HMME 对照。治疗方法是大鼠麻醉后尾静脉注入 HMME10ngkg，20分钟后踝关节照光，激光波长627.sum，功率密度 100mwcm'，照射时间1000秒，能量密度100）／。治疗后避光喂养72 小时。隔日一次测量大鼠的踝关节左右横径，治疗后两周取关节进行病理d 观察。 4。大鼠CIA模型用上述方法进行PDT治疗后，治疗组和单纯HMME 组用兔疫组化SP法检测石蜡切片的核增殖抗原。 5。兔AIA模型在关节炎出现第七天进行PDT治疗，随机治疗一侧膝关节，另一侧作自身对照。兔耳静脉注入I'arrainrelomg／Kg，20分钟后，膝关节用金蒸气激光照射，激光能量密度100）儿旷。24 ／J'时后取膝关节滑膜作病理检查，并用脱氧核昔酸末端转移酶介导的缺口末端标记法原位检测凋亡细胞。结果： 1。模型观察：CIA大鼠炎症高峰期滑膜下炎细胞浸润明显，滑膜细胞明显增殖，炎症达到高峰后二周，血管缀形成，并侵蚀和破坏软骨和骨， CIA模型病理改变与人类RA相似。兔AIA模型膝关节滑膜病理可见滑膜细胞增生，滑膜下炎细胞浸润，也与人类RA滑膜改变相似。 2。关节周围组织中光敏剂含量的测定结果表明，各组织对HMME 的吸收速度和吸收量不同，荧光值一时间曲线不同，滑膜组织比皮肤和软骨对 HMME的吸收多，在 2 0分钟时即有明显差异。 3.PDT对CIA模型的治疗结果表明：PDT治疗后关节炎组、单纯 HMME组和治疗组踝关节左右横径统计学检验差异没有显著性，但病理评分PDT治疗组滑膜增生、血管资形成及软骨破坏、骨破坏和总分比关节炎对照组和HMME对照组好，统计学检验差异有显著性。。3＿军医进修学院硕士学位论文中文摘要 4.PDT治疗组PCNA阳性细胞较对照组少，图像分析结果表明面密度（阳性染色的面积总和与统计视野面积的比值）治疗组小于对照组，统计学检验差异有显著性。。 5.PDT治疗组凋亡阳性细胞较对照组明显增多，图像分析结果单位视野内阳性细胞数和面密度PDT治疗组高于对照组，统计学检验差异有显著性。凋亡细胞核直径PDT治疗组较小，与对照组相比，统计学检验差异有显著性。结论：二。CIA、AIA的病理改变类似人类RA，可作为研究RA病因、发病机制、检查及治疗方法的模型。 2。各组织对HMME的吸收速度和吸收量不同，滑膜组织比皮。

Other forms of arthritis include ankylosing spondylitis, cervical spondylitis, fibromyalgia, systemic lupus erythematosis, gout, psoriatic arthritis and Reiters syndrome.

其他形式的关节炎，包括强直性脊柱炎，颈椎炎，纤维肌痛，系统性红斑狼疮，痛风性关节炎，银屑病关节炎和reiter 综合征。

Most of the studies linking allergies to joint disease have focused on rheumatoid arthritis , although mention of what was called "rheumatism" in older reports suggests a possible link between food reactions and aggravations of OA symptoms. 4 If other therapies are unsuccessful in relieving symptoms, people with OA might choose to discuss food allergy identification and elimination with a physician.

连接过敏的关节疾病的研究大多集中在类风湿关节炎，尽管什么是所谓的&风湿较旧的报告&提到的建议反应之间的食物和关节炎症状加重处罚可能存在的联系。4如果其他疗法缓解症状不太成功，关节炎的人可能会选择与医生讨论食物过敏识别和消除。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。