优化

Multiobjective optimization problem has a wide range of applications in the real world. It is different from the single objective optimization. It often involves incommensurable and competing objectives, and the number of its Pareto optimal solutions is usually infinite. Therefore, it is very important to design new algorithms which can find well distributed and close-to-Pareto-optimal solutions.

在现实世界中很多问题都是多目标优化问题，不同于单目标优化，在多目标优化中，各目标之间是互相冲突的，其最优解往往有无穷多个，如何使得到的Pareto最优曲面距离真正的Pareto最优曲面最近、最优解的分布均匀且范围更广是求解多目标优化问题的关键。

Optimal algorithm of combined nonlinear Hopfield network appears powerful validity in solving nonlinear planning, which includes nonlinear objective function, linear constrains and high-demension of decision-making variants, for its ability of nonlinear parallel computation. It is prominent among optimal algorithms because of its function of simply implement with electrocircuit hardware. Genetic algorithm is expressly suitable for optimal calculation regarding the planning of massive, highly nonlinear, inconsecutively differentiable and multiobjective function as well as objective function without analytical expression. However, it inclines to prematurity, as well as its limitation in ability of partial optimal search. Introducing the optimal algorithm of niche genetic simulated annealing to standard Genetic algorithm, can therefore improve the full-scale or partial search ability of Genetic algorithm effectively. It has a far-flung perspective in the field of systemic planning of water pollution control.

组合式非线性Hopfield网络优化算法所具有的非线性大规模并行计算能力在求解具有非线性目标函数、线性约束条件及高维决策变量的非线性规划问题方面显示出了强大的生命力，它易于电路硬件实现的功能更是在优化算法中独树一帜；遗传算法采用概率搜索技术，不受目标函数与约束条件的限制，特别适合大规模、高度非线性的不连续可微的多峰目标函数及无解析表达式的目标函数的规划问题的优化计算，但其存在容易早熟、局部寻优能力较差等缺点，本文在标准遗传算法中引入小生境技术及模拟退火算法有效地改善遗传算法的全局和局部搜索性能，提高了全局最优解的寻优质量，小生境遗传退火模拟优化算法在水污染控制系统规划中的应用前景极为广阔。

Not considering the restriction of the depot s transporting ability in the existing achievement of emergency dispatch, consequently, this chapter establishes a sole-resource optimized dispatch model aimed at "the shortest dispatch time" which includes the constraint of transporting ability under time restriction firstly. Moreover, the chapter deduces the algorithm of the model by mathematical induction step by step. Secondl y, it simplifies the former model and gives a simpler sole-objective model and corresponding algorithm including the constraint of transporting ability. At last, on the basis of the improved model, this chapter discusses a two-phase programming model and a multi-objective programming model which are aimed at "the shortest dispatch time" and "the fewest number of mobilized depots" including the constraint of transporting ability under time restriction.

由于现有应急调运的研究成果中没有考虑到各物资供应点受运输能力的约束，因此本章首先建立限制期内以"应急调运时间最短"为目标且含有运输能力约束的单物资调运优化模型：并利用逐步递推法推导出具体的求解算法；然后，进一步地将此模型及算法进行简化，建立更加简单的含有运输能力约束的单目标优化模型：并且讨论其算法；最后，在改进的优化模型的基础上，讨论限制期内含有运输能力约束且以"调运时间最短"、"出动的供应点数目最少"为目标的双层规划及多目标规划的优化模型及解法。

The structural optimal design of the intercooler used in vehicles is described based on the genetic algorithm.

基于遗传算法对某车载空—空中冷器进行了结构优化设计，完成了优化设计程序，得到了中冷器芯体结构的优化方案，使优化后的中冷器散热能力在理论上最大提高了19.3%。

In this thesis, we mainly study the theory of vector optimization in three aspects: the spectral scalarization of Euclidean Jordan algebra vector optimization, the robust methods for solving uncertain multiobjective linear optimization problem and the application in game theory.

本文共分四章，主要致力于向量优化三个方面的研究：欧几里德若当代数向量优化的谱标量化、不确定多目标线性优化问题的鲁棒方法和向量优化在对策论中的应用。

Imitating human intelligence, a new algorithm based on heuristic sequential linear optimization for one-dimensional cutting-stock problem is presented.

针对一维下料优化问题，提出了一种基于启发式多级序列线性优化思想的新算法，即将下料优化问题转化为多级序列线性优化问题求解。

Reduced SQP based on orthonormal bases, orthogonal bases and coordinate bases are studied and compared. With the correction item introduced, the null-space move is adjusted and the reduced SQP based on coordinate bases decomposition is improved.●The key problem of steady-state data processing for RTOPT is studied. A new algorithm of simultaneous strategies for data reconciliation and gross error detection is proposed. Here the objective function that is constructed using maximum likelihood principle and joint distribution function is minimized. Efficient algorithm is developed which exploited the nonlinear lease-square structure of this objective function.

仿真结果表明了算法的有效性；●深入研究了在线优化中的一个关键问题——稳态数据处理问题，用基于组合概率分布的目标函数联立求解粗劣误差检测和数据调和问题；以精馏塔在线优化的数据处理和模型修正为例，提出一种根据模型方程对参数的依赖性进行过程模型分解的分层策略，可以将数据调和和参数估计统一在数据处理的大框架中，为进一步的过程性能分析、操作状况评价以及在线优化提供可靠的基准，具有非常重要的工程应用价值；●将优化命题的形式扩展到更通用的形式。

Secondly, all kinds of incremental transmission losses algorithms are derived completely. And the merit and demerit of these algorithms are compared in detail through the analysis of the calculate example.

传统的经典静态优化方法，由于没有考虑各时段之间的动态约束，因而难以计及负荷的未来变化对当前优化调度的要求，在面对动态变化的负荷时，优化过程带有明显的局限性，但其算法简单、计算速度快的优点仍对动态优化调度具有很强的吸引力。

The control parameters are optimized by using the method of Constrained Steepest Descent with State Equations.

采用状态方程有约束最速下降法对控制系统控制参数进行优化，建立了直流电机位置控制系统性能优化的数学模型，结合具体的位置控制系统推导CSDSE优化方法，并给出优化程序的编制步骤。

Interior is optimized include a structure to optimize, code is optimized, the character is optimized.

内部优化包括结构优化，代码优化，文字优化。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。