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The characteristic approximation is used to handle the convection part along the direc-tion of fluid namely characteristic direction to ensure the high stability of the method in approximating the sharp fronts and reduce the numerical diffusion; The mixed finite element spatial approximation is employed to deal with diffusion part and approximate the scalar unknown and the adjoint vector function optimally and simultaneously; In order to preserve the integral conservation of the method, we introduce the modified characteristic method.

该方法对方程的对流部分沿流体流动的方向即特征方向离散以保证格式在流动的锋线前沿逼近的高稳定性，消除数值弥散现象；对方程的扩散部分采用最低次混合有限元方法离散、同时以高精度逼近未知函数及未知函数的梯度；为保证方法的整体守恒性，在格式中引入修正项。

A novel direction of arrival and polarization estimation of electromagnetic vector sensors mounted on the airframe is proposed based on biquaternion. The signal processing model for EM-sensor mounted on the airframe is made by biquaternion and then the eigenvalue decomposition of spectral matrix is obtained by means of the EVD of its quaternion adjoint matrix. The memory requirement for data is reduced, and more accurate estimation result is gotten by deducing the stronger orthogonality constraint between the sin- gal and noise subspaces on the field of biquaternion. The performance of the new algorithm is confirmed through numerical examples.

针对机载电磁矢量传感器阵列DOA和极化参数估计问题，提出了一种基于复四元数估计方法，该算法利用四元数建立机载电磁矢量传感器阵列信号处理模型，然后利用四元数联合矩阵的特征分解得到阵列数据相关矩阵的特征分解，一方面使得计算过程中数据的贮存量大大减少，另一方面通过推导得到信号子空间和噪声子空间在四元数域上的正交性从而使DOA和极化参数佑计的精度更高，仿真证实了本算法的有效性。

The obtained optimal control law consists of analytical linear feedforward and feedback terms and a nonlinear compensation term which is the limit of the adjoint vector sequence.

得到的最优控制律由解析的线性前馈－反馈项和伴随向量序列极限形式的非线性补偿项组成。

The optimal control law consists of an accurate linear feedback term and a nonlinear delay compensation term that is the limit of an adjoint vector sequence.

最优控制律由精确的线性反馈项和非线性时滞补偿序列的极限项组成。

The optimal control law obtained consists of linear analytic functions and a compensation term which is a series sum of the adjoint vectors. The analytic functions can be found by solving a Riccati matrix difference equation and a matrix difference equation. The compensation term can be obtained by a recursion formula that solves adjoint vector equations.

得到的最优输出跟踪控制律由状态向量的线性解析函数和伴随向量级数形式的补偿项组成，其解析函数由一次性求解Riccati矩阵差分方程和矩阵差分方程得到，补偿项由求解伴随向量差分方程的递推公式得到。

Its vector control system is one of the most complicated ac adjustable speed control systems.

其矢量控制系统也是最复杂的交流电机调速控制系统之一。

Consequently, it is recommended that vector-based data be used for the characterization of aerodrome features in AMDBs.

因此，建议矢量为基础的数据为特征的机场在 AMDBs 的定性分析。

There are many different formats available for aerodrome mapping data vector, raster, digital elevation models, etc.

有许多种机场地图数据形式（矢量，栅格，数字高程模型等提供不同的格式）。

After a historical motivation of the definition of a Lie group we shall develop basic manifold theory, vector fields, tangent spaces leading to the Exponential mapping for an affine connection.

在简单介绍了李群的定义的历史来源之后，我们将讨论关於流形理论、向量场和切空间，进而引出仿射联络的指数映射的基本知识。

This study detected rapidly WTGs infecting oriental tobacco, and weeds such as Ageratum, malvastrum and bean surrounding the oriental tobacco field, and vector–transmitted WTGs by PCR .

本研究利用PCR技术快速检测香料烟植株及田间其它植物如胜红蓟、赛葵及菜豆等、以及病毒介体的带毒情况。

"The operators will suffer a temporary decrease in the number of consumers and short message services as people may not like having to provide their ID cards for a phone number," Xu Junqi, vice-dean with the Policy-Making Institute of the Telecommunications Research Centre under MII, said yesterday.

信息产业部下属的通信决策研究院副主任徐俊其昨天说：&实行手机实名制后，人们可能不太情愿用身份证注册手机号，所以通信运营商会暂时面临用户减少和短信用户减少的问题。&

I don't believe in make-believe!

我不相信这些虚构的故事。