查询词典 temperature gradient

Based on the overall temperature monitoring for frozen soil embankment with riprap slope protection and without riprap slope protection in Qingshuihe test section of Qinghai-Tibet Railway,the ground temperature,accumulated temperature and the maximum thawing depth variation in temperature field of these two kinds of embankments were analyzed.

通过对青藏铁路清水河试验段片石护坡、无片石护坡的冻土路堤和地基的温度进行的全面监测，对比分析了路堤体内及基底的地温、积温及温度场中最大融化深度的变化情况，结果表明，采用片石护坡措施的试验路堤，与对比段相比，降温效果明显。

Effects of dry temperature and dry time on properties of heat cured sand and the relationship with binder composition are as follows:sands bonded by binders that are not modified have high strength when dry temperature is high and dry time is long,but their anti-wettability power is poor . Sands bonded by binders that are modified by B but not modified by M can be dried quickly and sand strength is high but anti-wettability power is also poor. Sands bonded by binders that are modified by M but not modified by B can also be dried quickly to obtain maximum strength,then the strength becomes lower when they are dried continually for more time. and sand strength is high but anti-wettability power is also poor. Sands bonded by binders that are modified by M as well as by B at the same time can be dried quickly to obtain maximum strength at low temperature and short time. But the anti-wettability of sand mold is best when they are dried at high temperature and long time.

烘干温度和烘干时间对热硬砂性能的影响及其与粘结剂改性的关系是：未经改性剂B和改性剂M改性的粘结剂砂，脱水速度较慢，烘干温度越高，时间越长，则硬化强度也越高，但未经改性的粘结剂热硬砂的抗吸湿性较差；经改性剂B而不经改性剂M改性的粘结剂热硬砂，烘干硬化速度较快，强度也高，但在高湿度下的抗吸湿性不好；经改性剂M改性而不经改性剂B改性的粘结剂热硬砂，烘干时强度先随烘干时间升高至最大值后，继续烘干时强度又出现下降；经改性剂B和经改性剂M共同改性的粘结剂热硬砂能在短时间和较低的烘干温度下就可烘干到最高强度，即烘干脱水的速度较快，但试样的抗吸湿性差，若在更高温度和更长时间下烘干，试样的抗吸湿性得到改善，综合考虑烘干强度和抗吸湿性要求，对于φ30×30mm试样，理想的烘干温度是200℃，烘干时间20分钟。

The results show that the amorphous PLGA fiber with porous structure (0.1-1.0 μm) is obtained by diluted solvent spinning method and the mechanical properties is affected by pressure and temperature. Bending strength and shearing strength of the samples increase firstly and then decrease with the increase of molding temperature and pressure. While the molding temperature is 160℃and the pressure is 105MPa, the PLGA materials possess optimal mechanical properties, bending strength, shearing strength and bending modulus 187.3 MPa, 100.0 MPa and 2.5 GPa, respectively. The mild temperature molding PLGA materials are desired to play a grate role in non-bearing internal fixation devices.

研究结果表明：非晶多孔结构的PLGA纤维可通过溶液沉析纺丝的方法获得，其孔径为0.1~1.0μm；压制压力和压制温度对材料的力学性能影响较大，材料的抗弯强度、剪切强度和抗弯模量均随着温度和压力的增大而先增大后降低；在压制压力为105MPa，压制温度为160℃时，试样的力学性能比较理想，此时，其抗弯强度可达到187.3MPa，剪切强度达到100.1MPa，抗弯模量达到2.5GPa，可望作为非承重部位骨折愈合内固定材料。

According to geological characteristics of mineral area,geological conditions of mineralization,geochemical characteristics,material sources of mineralization,mineralization patterns,as well as physical and chemical conditions of mineralization,it summarize the mineralization pattern and genesis of ore deposit of Xianghualing mining areas,considering that mineralization materials in this deposit mainly come from magma,genesis patterns of deposit include high-temperature gas-liquid Nb、Ta deposit related to albitization laying in or on the edge of granite rock bodies,median-high temperature Skarn Sn,Be deposit related to skarnized laying at the inner contact-belt of granite and carbonate rock bodies;median-high temperature cassiterite -sulphide mineral deposit related to skamized laying at outer contact-belt of granite and carbonate rock bodies and median-low temperature hydrothermal liquid Pb-Zn-Ag deposit related to silicification,fluorite, propylitization laying in wall rocks;Series of generalized magma- hydrothermal liquid type Sn-polymatellitic related to magmatic activity in Yanshan period as a whole.

通过对矿区地质特征、成矿地质条件、地球化学特征、成矿物质来源、成矿作用、矿化型式以及成矿物理化学条件的分析，总结了香花岭矿区的矿床成因以及成矿模式，认为香花岭锡多金属矿成矿物质主要来源于岩浆，矿床成因类型包括花岗岩体内及其边部产出的与钠长岩化有关的高温气液型Nb、Ta矿床、花岗岩体与碳酸盐岩内接触带产出的与矽卡岩化有关的中高温矽卡岩型Sn、Be矿床、花岗岩体与碳酸盐岩外接触带产出的与矽卡岩化有关的中高温锡石硫化物矿床以及围岩中产出的与硅化、萤石化、青磐岩化有关的中低温热液型铅锌银矿床，整体构成与燕山期岩浆活动有关的广义岩浆热液型锡多金属成矿系列

The results indicate that AZ91D magnesium alloy liquidus temperature is about 595℃ and solidus temperature is about 470℃, so the difference between solid and liquid temperature is l25℃, which implies that AZ91D magnesium alloy belongs to a type of wide crystallization temperature range and low-melting-point alloy.

研究发现，AZ91D镁合金的液相线温度为595℃，固相线温度为470℃，液、固相线温度差为125℃，属于宽结晶温度范围低熔点合金。

The spectral response performance of transmission-mode GaAs photocathode after high-temperature activation and low-temperature activation was measured by the use of on-line spectral response measurement technology, and the integral sensitivity and spectral response performance parameters of the GaAs photocathode after high-temperature activation and low-temperature activation were compared.

利用在线光谱响应技术，对透射式GaAs光电阴极在高温激活和低温激活后的光谱响应特性进行了测试，计算并比较了高温激活和低温激活后阴极的积分灵敏度和光谱响应特性参数。

It's purpose is to develop high temperature particle spectral radiation property measurement equipment, carries out online measurement on high temperature particle, realizes the theoretical and experimental research on high temperature particle optical property, offers different temperature optical property measurement data base.

本课题来源于国家自然科学基金重点项目(编号：50336010)，红外辐射特性及传输的多尺度多参数分析项目的一部分，其目的是研制高温粒子光谱辐射特性测量装置，对高温粒子进行在线测量，通过该装置实现对高温粒子的光学特性的理论和实验研究，提供不同温度下的粒子的光学特性测量数据库。

The growth and nucleation rates of〓 cleavage face of YbYAB crystal are all very fast, because so many growth steps and growth centers were formed within only 2～3 second at the temperature near the saturate point. No spiral growth steps can be found, so growth mechanism is twodimensional nucleation. When the flux temperature increases for only 0.5℃ above the saturate point, the spiral melting holes are formed. The transformation from growth morphologies to melting morphologies is very sensitive to the temperature. When the temperature increases another 1℃, the spiral melting holes transform into two-dimensional nucleation melting holes.

YbYAB的〓解理面的生长及成核速度都非常快，在比饱和点低0.5～1℃的温度下，当生长2～3秒钟时，可以看到许多生长中心与生长台阶的形成，在较宽的台阶上还可以看到二维核的形成，没有看到螺旋中心，说明生长机理是二维成核生长；当温度比饱和点高0.5℃时，在〓解理面上形成螺旋状熔坑，这表明形貌由生长到熔化的转变与温度的关系是非常敏感的；当温度比饱和点高1.5℃时，螺旋状熔坑转变为二维成核状熔坑。

The simulative model of temperature field and stress field in concrete , Heat and moisture coupling、Parallel simulative calculation of concrete with water pipe cooling、 Parallel feedback analysis of thermal characteristic parameters, and stress intensity factor of induced joint, which are the sixty-four-dollar questions, are studied in this dissertation. The main contents of this dissertation are as follows:(1)Based on the past and current research work, the calculation theory of the transient temperature field and creep stress field of mass concrete which self temperature influence is considered is deduced. The couple effect between the temperature field and humidity field of concrete, is considered on the basis of conservation law of water and energy, and the coupled formulation which coefficient is not constant of the heat and moisture in concrete is deduced. The calculation theory and model which is theoretically strict for solution to thermal problem in concrete with water-cooling pipes are recommended.

本文主要针对混凝土的温度场应力场仿真计算模型、热湿耦合、水管冷却问题的并行仿真、混凝土温度参数并行反演分析以及诱导缝应力强度因子计算等混凝土大坝温度应力数值仿真的关键技术进行了较为深入的研究，全文主要内容如下：(1)在现有研究基础上，推导了考虑自身温度影响的混凝土非稳定温度场和徐变应力场的计算理论；基于水分质量守恒和能量守恒原理考虑混凝土温度场和湿度场的耦合作用，推导了混凝土的变系数热湿耦合方程，并建立了相应的计算模型；引用严密的水管冷却混凝土温度场的计算理论和计算模型，比较了两种简化计算方法用于水管冷却混凝土仿真计算的不足。

A stumper with required structures is pressed into the surface of polymeric foil and heated to a temperature above its glass transition temperature under suitable pressure until the temperature droped below the glass transition temperature of the polymer, followed by removal of the stumper and left the structures of the stamper in the polymeric foil.

将聚合物加热到其玻璃转化温度以上，利用预先制备好的模板在适当的压力下压向聚合物样品，保持压力直到聚合物温度降到玻璃转化温度以下，将模板移去后，模板上图形便转移到样品表面。

Bob Eckert has been chairman and chief executive of Mattel for eight years.

美泰董事长兼首席执行官鲍勃·埃克尔特在任已8年。

The outlook for honors and disgraces carries on and surpasses the traditional outlook for honors and disgraces theoretically, and carries on and develops the theory of construction of socialist mora...

社会主义荣辱观的提出在理论上是对传统荣辱观的一次继承和超越，是对社会主义道德建设理论的继承和发展，在实践上有利于形成良好的社会风尚。