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This invention exposed the method of producing high performance cannular sapphire. It uses once-fashioning wetting EFG technology. It draws the cannular sapphire with required inner diameter and outer diameter and length from melt. Firstly, the size and specification of cannular sapphire need to be determined, then according to it to produce the matching cannular die. Then selecting sapphire particleboard from flame fusion method as raw material, and secelting the good seeding grew in (0001) direction by Czochralski method to grow cannular sapphire. The transverse temperature difference is within 2DEG C, the lognitudinal temperature grads within 10mm of die end face is 3-4DEG C, the growth speed is 30-40mm/h.

本发明公开了一种生长高性能管状蓝宝石的方法，采用一次成型的润湿导模法技术，直接从熔体中拉制所需内、外径尺寸和长度的管状蓝宝石，其特征是，首先确定管状蓝宝石的规格尺寸，根据上述规格尺寸制作相匹配的长管模具，然后，选用高纯度焰熔法蓝宝石碎料作为原料，选用提拉法生长的(0001)方向的优质籽晶，进行管状蓝宝石的生长，横向温差在2℃以内，纵向温度梯度在距模具端面10mm内为3-4℃，生长速率为30-40mm/h。

To investigate the relationships between the tolerance difference to high temperature stress and superoxide dismutases in different cultivars of Celosia cristata, ten-leaf stage seedlings of the heat-tolerant cultivar, Century Green and the heat-sensitive cultivar, Century copper were pulsed for 48 h with diethyldithiocarbamate pretreatment and subjected to high temperature stress under controlled conditions of relative humidity of 75%~90%, 12 h/24 h photoperiod with 1 500 lx and 45 ℃, to research the changes of external morphology and interior physiology.

李永红；魏玉香深圳职业技术学院应用化学与生物技术学院，深圳 518055摘要为研究鸡冠花品种间耐热差异与超氧化物歧化酶之间的关联，选用鸡冠花耐热品种世纪绿叶和热敏品种世纪铜叶的10叶期幼苗为试材，用二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠进行48 h预处理之后，在45 ℃、相对湿度75%~90%，、光照1 500 1x (12 h/d)条件下进行热胁迫处理，研究其形态和生理生化的变化。

The results indicate that the different thermal expansions and elastoplastic properties and distributed randomness of various mineral particles composed of oil shale will lead to the nonuniformity of thermal field, deformation field and stress field in heating process, which makes the particles of oil shale deform incompatibly: and the release of product pyrolysis results in irreversible damages of oil shale material and structure. These are the main reasons for the thermal fracture of oil shale. When oil shale is heated through thermal conduction, temperature transfers slowly, so the spacing between heating well and production well should not be kept too long. When difference exists in oil shale reservoir's properties, heating well should be chosen in the high conductivity region. Oil shale's stratification is vital for developing permeation zone in in-situ retorting. Oil shale will generate additional expansion force as it reaches its pyrolysis temperature, and stratification will be cracked first, so the oil shale stratification should be utilized to enhance its permeability.

研究结果表明：组成油页岩各种矿物颗粒热膨胀和弹塑性性质的不同及其分布的随机性，导致油页岩加热过程中温度场、变形场和应力场的非均匀性，使得油页岩颗粒间变形不协调和油页岩热解产物释放引起油页岩材料与结构性能发生不可逆的劣化损伤，这是油页岩发生热破裂的主要原因；热传导方式加热油页岩，温度的传递比较缓慢，加热井和生产井的间距不宜过大，对油页岩储层性质存在差异时，注热井应选择较高热导率的区段；油页岩的层理对油页岩地下原位开发形成渗透带至关重要，油页岩达到热解温度会产生附加的膨胀力，首先在层理处开裂，应充分利用油页岩层理赋存条件改造其渗透性。

The article adopted a new filtering-cloud composing technology used to monitoring drought,analyzed the property of Ts—NDVI characteristic space and the TVDI's indicating drought ability, put forward the TVDI compute model, grade standard, and the impact estimation method. The result indicated: 1 the decade-composed data obtained by the maximum surface temperature principle has better ability than the composed data obtained by the maximum NDVI on monitoring drought; 2 in the Ts-NDVI characteristic space,the dry side and the wet side almost are horizontal lines when the NDVI is on the small side, the temperature difference is about 45℃; 3 the TVDI has inequable level on monitoring drought as its value, the less TVDI indicates without drought occurrence, the bigger TVDI shows the drought certainly happened, the unsure drought conclusion mainly comes from the middle TVDI; 4 the monitored results of Sichuan hot-drought in 2006, obtained by the remote sensing and by the climate index, are basically consistent, the estimating error on the bearing drought crop area and on the drinking trouble population is within 10%.

采用了干旱监测合成滤云新技术，分析了Ts—NDVI特征空间属性和TVDI指数干旱监测能力，提出了四川伏旱TVDI计算模型、分级标准、和影响评估方法，结果表明：1按最大地表温度原则得到的旬合成数据比按最大植被指数原则得到的旬合成数据具有更强的旱情监测能力；2在Ts—NDVI特征空间中当NDVI较小时干湿边几乎同为水平直线，两者相差约45℃；3TVDI指数因其大小不同而对旱情的监测能力也不一样，较小时说明没有干旱发生，较大时则一定有干旱发生，中间段对干旱的监测具有不确定性；42006年四川伏旱遥感监测与气候监测结果基本一致，农作物受旱面积与饮水困难人口数估算误差在10%以内。

The resultsshow that the Pliocene paleoclimate of Tuantian Basin is characterized by the mean annualtemperature 21.3-25.1℃, mean temperature of the warmest month21.3-25.1℃, mean temperature of the coldest month 10.8-14.6℃, difference intemperature between the coldest and warmest month 11.3-16.3℃, mean annualprecipitation 1225.7-1638.3 mm, and relative humidity 75-82%.

通过共存因子分析法，取团田植物群37个化石种的最近亲缘种的气候因子的共存区间，定量重建了团田晚上新世的古气候特征：年均温为16.4-19.8℃，最热月平均气温21.3-25.1℃，最冷月平均气温10.8-14.6℃，气温年较差11.3-16.3℃，年均降水量1225.7-1638.3 mm，年均相对湿度75-82％。

This thesis analysis lethiferous effectiveness of high temperature pest-killing technique、 low temperature pest-killing technique、 microwave pest-killing technique and high pressure nitrogen suffocation pest-killing technique, and affect on tensile strength、 wearproof strength、 whiteness of copypaper、 writing paper、 rice paper and newsprint, affect on colour difference of red 、 blue 、 blue-black ink colored writing, and black ink 、 laser printing 、 xerox,、 gushing typing black writing caused by four physical pest-killing techniques above-mentioned.

本论文系统分析了高温杀虫法、低温杀虫法、微波杀虫法和高压充氮杀虫法的杀虫效力，并在档案保护技术学领域较系统地探讨了四种物理法杀虫处理对复印纸、书写纸、宣纸、新闻纸的抗张强度、耐破度、白度的影响，以及对红、蓝、蓝黑墨水彩色字迹，黑墨水、激光打印、静电复印、喷墨打印黑色字迹色差的影响。

The difference between temperature range of pyrolysis, peak temperature, weight loss rate of coal and waste plastics and the amount of metaplast of coal influence the synergism between coal and waste palstics significantly.

共热解中废塑料与煤的协同作用受煤与废塑料二者之间的热解温区、失重峰温、失重速率的重叠程度及煤所形成的胶质体数量的影响。

XRD, 29Si, 27AI MAS NMR, the adsorption of nitrogen at low temperature,129Xe NMR, XPS, IR-TPD, NH3-TPD, the high vacuum volumetric analysis and pulse flow microreaction were used to study the difference in structure and property between the US-SSY zeolites obtained by quick and slow cooling after treating SSY zeolite with steam at high temperature.

应用X射线粉末衍射、29Si、27Al魔角旋转核磁共振、低温氮吸附、129Xe核磁共振、X射线光电子能谱、程序升温脱附和脉冲微反等多种物理、化学手段，详细考察了经高温水蒸汽处理后的超稳Y分子筛在急冷和自冷过程中产生的结构和性能差异，结果表明，冷却速率是制备分子筛必要的控制因素

The decisive influencing factor of viscosity in carboxyl-methylation was cross-linking reaction. Carboxyl-methylation was the main influencing factor of solubility and swelling capacity in modification of high content amylose starch. The structure and gelatinization property of different amylose content were analyzed with an Olympus Vanox BHS-2 multi-function optic microscope, and the results were as follows. The structure of ordinary cornstarch was different from the high amylose; gelatinization temperature and pH value of starch were affected deeply by amylose content, but had little difference between the gelatinization of high content amylose starch contained 50% and 70% amylose; pH value had much more effect than temperature on the gelatinization of high content amylose cross-linked starch. Monochloroacetic acid consumption, alcohol concentration and pH value influenced the starch carboxyl-methylation. When alcohol concentration was 60%, pH value 10, monochloroacetic acid/starch mass ratio 55%, the carboxyl-methylation of high amylose cross-linked cornstarch had the best result. With the In-Vitro digestibility model and biodegradation experiment, the digestibility and biodegradability of high amylose cornstarch and its modified starch were detected.

采用Brabande粘度测定仪和Olympus Vanox BHS-2型多功能光学显微镜等分析手段对链淀粉含量50％和70％的高链玉米淀粉及其交联和交联羧甲基化淀粉的结构和性质进行了表征和分析，结果表明，普通玉米淀粉结构与含链淀粉50％和70％高链玉米淀粉结构不同；高链淀粉比普通淀粉难糊化，高链改性淀粉糊化受pH值影响较大，受温度影响较小；淀粉的冻融稳定性、透光率、溶解度、膨胀度和粘度受链淀粉的含量和改性的影响，但是，链淀粉含量超过50％时，则链淀粉含量对淀粉的膨胀度和溶解度影响不大；改性淀粉性质的影响因素中，影响粘度主要因素是交联反应，影响透明度、溶解度和膨胀度主要因素是羧甲基化改性；一氯乙酸用量、反应时乙醇浓度及碱性条件都会影响高链淀粉及其交联淀粉的羧甲基化改性效果，制备羧甲基化改性淀粉的最佳工艺是在pH值为10的60％的乙醇浓度介质中按一氯乙酸/淀粉质量比为55％进行取代反应。

The conclusion shows that the expansion joint may not be set in an overlength basement by setting the post-pouring strengthening band and temperature reinforced reasonably, adopting the shrinkage-compensating concrete along with doing a good job in temperature difference materials, production technology of concrete and construction.

通过合理设置后浇膨胀加强带和温度钢筋，采用补偿收缩混凝土及在环境温差、材料、混凝土生产技术和施工等角度做好控制，本超长地下室可不设置伸缩缝。

For the head-teacher of the class said that I had seriously broken the school rules,which led me to a three-day suspend class.

为什么呢？因为我的班主任说我严重的违反了校规，于是让我停课三天。

Many of them believe that the conversion of thousands of working-class folk in England spared that nation from the mass carnage and the tyranny that came with the revolution in France.

他们之中有许多人相信，在英国数以千计的劳工阶级之悔改信主使英国免於遭受如法国大革命所造成的大屠杀和专制暴政。