查询词典 shear marks

Angular spectral is spectral value map formed by estimating semblable coefficients of fast and slow shear wave or the variation of amplitude ratio of fast and slow shear wave with times and angles at a specified space point based on semblable theory of fast and slow shear wave, the angle value of this space point at a given time can be got by picking the maximum of angular spectral; the study reveals that fast and slow shear wave with different polarization direction should be separated using different rotation formula, eight formulas of separating fast and slow shear wave using clockwise rotation and counterclockwise rotation have been derived, and gained energy assignment rule and phase coincidence rule, in real data estimation, the rotation formula used for separating fast and slow shear wave can be uniquely determined on the two discriminating rules. On the basis of semblable theory of fast and slow shear wave, the delay time corresponding to the maximum of semblable coefficients at a specified point in a given time window is the delay time of fast and slow shear wave, delay time section of fast and slow shear wave can be got by moving space point and smoothing time window. The vertical variation values of delay time of fast and slow shear wave reflect the effect degree of vertical fractured reservoir on fast and slow shear wave which is defined as anisotropic coefficient, and section map of anisotropic coefficient can be obtained.

角度谱就是利用快慢横波的相似性原理，在某一空间点求出快慢横波的相似系数或快慢横波的振幅比值随着时间和角度的变化而形成的谱值图，拾取其极大值就得到该空间点某一时间的角度值；在研究中发现分离不同偏振方向的快慢横波应该采用不同的旋转公式，推导出了利用顺时针旋转和逆时针旋转分离快慢横波的八个公式，并给出了能量分配准则和相位一致性准则两个判别准则，在实际计算中利用这两个判别准则能唯一地确定分离快慢横波的旋转公式；根据快慢横波的相似性原理，在某一给定点和给定时窗内最大相似系数对应的延迟时间就是快慢横波的延迟时间，随着空间点的移动和时窗的滑动就可以得到快慢横波延迟时间的剖面图；快慢横波延迟时间与慢横波传播时间的比值定义为裂缝密度，并求出了裂缝密度剖面图；快慢横波延迟时间纵向上的变化值的大小反映了纵向上裂隙层对快慢横波影响的大小，定义为各向异性系数，并求出了各向异性系数的剖面图。

The rheological character of a polymer often appears as shear-thinning. Most polymers behaviour in a solution can be explained by the polymer chain or hard sphere theory. Other than that, shear-thickening polymer solution also exists. Its behavior can be explained by dilatant theory, which suggests that the shear-thickening of the solution is due to the swelling of the polymer particles. This phenomenon often occurs in suspension or emulsion. Solution exhibits a mixed behavior can also be found whose behavior is such that shear-thinning occurs under low shear force and shear-thickening occurs under high shear force. Under this circumstance, the viscosity versus shear force graph exhibits a spoon shaped curve. The rheological study can be applied to the dispersion of paint which can predict the dispersion effect of various polymer materials in solution.

中文摘要一般高分子聚合物溶液的流变行为多半呈现剪稀(shear-thinning)的现象，而大部分的高分子在溶液中的行为是以分子链或是硬球观点来解释，另外也有剪稠(shear-thickening)现象的高分子溶液，其流变行为则是以膨胀体观点来解释，即在高剪切力下，由於高分子团体积变大而使溶液黏度升高，这在悬伏液、乳液等常见；但也有在低剪切力下，溶液具有剪稀的行为，而在高剪切力下却成现剪稠的行为，在黏度对剪切力作图时，会呈现出一个勾形曲线的图形；流变行为的探讨可应用在涂布材料的分散技术上，以推测不同的高分子溶液对分散效果的影响。

The results show that the formation of the shear band is characterized with both strain localization and the localization of the averaged pure rotation ratio. The shear band starts right at the point where the volume strain changes from shrinkage to expansion. The development of these variables are significantly different within or outside of the shear band. Particularly, the stress-strain softening relationship was observed near or within the shear band, while the hysteretic phenomenon takes place outside the shear band. In addition, both the volumetric and deviatoric strains are larger inside than outside the shear band, with the soil being looser in the shear band.

研究表明：砂土剪切带的形成过程即为试样内部应变局部化过程，也为试样内部平均转动率(averaged pure rotation rate， APR)的局部化；剪切带开始形成点也为试样剪缩、剪胀分界点；剪切带内外各宏微观参数变化规律上存在明显的差异，主要表现为近剪切带位置土体及带内土表现为应变软化现象，而距带中心较远土体应力应变关系曲线出现'回滞圈'现象；带内变形量明显大于带外，且带内较带外松散。

Changing formula forms of single-shear, twin-shear and three-shear yield strength criteria, show that many of yield strength criteria of rock and soil materials can be expressed by the τ8 = gf function forms unter the ordinary condition, and that the main differ ences of yield strength value will mainly forcus on the different function forms of gθσ among single-shear, twin-shear and three-shear yield strength criteria.

对岩土体常用的单剪屈服强度准则、双剪屈服强度准则和三剪屈服强度准则进行了系统的论述，通过对单剪、双剪和三剪屈服强度准则进行转化，指出岩土的屈服强度准则一般可表达为τ8=gf的函数形式，阐明了单剪、双剪和三剪屈服强度准则的差异主要表现在g函数的不同，并进一步解释了中间主应力σ2对岩土类材料屈服强度的影响。

In this paper we analyze the marks of the 2003 grade students and give some explanations to the results. Three parts are included as follows:(1) In the first chapter we study the 2003 grade students" math term marks and their cet-4 marks according to their entrance marks by using the clustering analysis of ordered sample. From the results we find some factors that affect the students" marks. And we also prepare for the analysis of variance that include quantitative variable.

本文通过对我校2003级学生的各种成绩及相关信息采用不同的统计方法进行分析，并对统计分析结果的实际意义进行解释和讨论，主要涉及以下三方面内容：(1)第一章中用有序样本聚类的原理，对学生的高考成绩和高等数学统考成绩以及四级成绩进行聚类分析，初步找到一些影响学生成绩的因素，同时也为后面包含定量变量的方差分析模型做了准备。

The instructive conclusion was: 1 under the vertical loading, the shear-lag effect was produced badly, more severer under concentrated loading than under uniform loading .2 the longitudinal bending deformation of the beam flange was true of the imitating plane assumption of deformation . 3 the width length ratio was confirmed as the first factor working on the shear-lag effect among all the geometric parameters;4 the shear-lag coefficient of simple-supported box-girder was severer than the continuous box-girder, the shear-lag effect in the inner supported section of continuous beam was much more severer, we need paying more attention for it in designing. 5 the non-liner characteristics of material deformation have littlie influence on shear-lag effect in BGCW. 6 the experiential calculating formulation and calculating diagram for the effective flange width was raised with the only factor of the width-span ratio., but the primary location of axis of bending moments should not be changed while calculating the inertial moment .

研究认为：1室内模型试验和空间有限元分析结果均表明波形钢腹板组合箱梁在竖向荷载作用下，翼板出现了典型的纵向应力剪滞效应。2在竖向荷载作用下，截面高度上各点纵向正应变分布认为可符合"拟平截面假定"，以此作为波形钢腹板组合箱梁抗弯计算的基本假定。3箱梁宽跨比是影响波形钢腹板组合箱梁翼板剪滞效应的主要因素。4连续波形钢腹板组合箱梁的翼板剪滞系数大于简支梁，且连续箱梁内支点截面翼板剪滞效应相当严重，对此需十分重视。5当混凝土翼板受力由弹性阶段进入弹塑性阶段时，材料的非线性特性对翼板的剪滞效应影响甚微。6提出了根据组合箱梁的宽跨比参数来计算翼板有效宽度比的经验公式和计算图表，但箱梁截面抗弯惯性矩的计算不应改变原先的截面中和轴位置。

Yet for thickness shear actuators, due to the shear deformation dominates the plate deflection for shear actuation mechanism, the higher order shear theory can provide more accurate evaluation of the shear strain energy of the plate than the first-order o

但对于厚度剪切型激励器而言，由于激励器主要是引起板的剪切变形，而高阶剪切变形理论比一阶剪切变形理论能更好地反映结构的剪切应变能，因此高阶剪切变形理论可以提供板变形的更为精确的解。

At the same time, under the condition of small strain, firstly, the secant shear modulus was always larger than the tangent shear modulus. Secondly, when the logarithmic coordinates were applied to describe shear strain, the decrease of shear modulus with shear strain could be expressed by reversed S shape curve with two inflexion points, and through analyzing and validating, the deduced equation could perfectly reflect this characteristic. Finally, different stress paths and strain areas would lead to different attenuation trends.

而且，在小应变范围内，割线剪切模量总是大于切线剪切模量；当剪切应变采用对数坐标表示时，剪切模量随着剪切应变的增加而衰减，且衰减的规律都可以表示为带有两个拐点的反S型曲线，经分析验证本文所得公式3可以对此特性进行很好地反映；但应力路径、应变范围不同其衰减幅度不同。

The experimental results show that the impeller with high ratio of circulation to shear is suit to be used in circulation control process, the impeller with low ratio of circulation to shear is suit to be used in shear control process, and the impeller with medium ratio of circulation and shear is suit to be used in circulation and shear co-control process.

实验结果表明，循环与剪切配比高的桨叶适用于循环控制的混合过程，循环与剪切配比低的桨叶适用于剪切控制的混合过程，而循环与剪切配比适中的桨叶适用于循环与剪切共同控制的混合过程。

Similarly, if the strong shear, which could suppress all the scattering in the quiescent two phase region, stopped, the follow-up phase separation also displayed characteristics of anisotropism and relaxation, In this dissertation, the transposed"butterfly'and"streakpattern were observed for the first time within the shear-history-influenced phase separation, which is found closely relevant to the anisotropical relaxation behavior of macromolecules. 5. The phase separation kinetics of PS/PVME under oscillatory shear was further studied on the base of that done under simple shear. It is found that, under specific temperature and strain amplitude, the occurrence of phase separation is strongly contingent on oscillatory frequency and only intermediate frequency could effectively induce phase separation; If all considered oscillatory shear could stimulate phase separation, a fixed frequency can maintain specific most probable phase size and higher frequency yields smaller phase, which makes a higher elasticity but weaker stress relaxation; Furthermore, higher frequency can produces stronger compulsory oscillation on the MPPS but won't change the mean of the MPPS. Under given frequency and strain amplitude, the phase separation kinetics dramatically depends on the phase angle of oscillation and the phase separation corresponding to different phase angle follows different dynamical process.

在简单剪切场下相分离动力学研究的基础上进一步对振动剪切场下PS／PVME的相分离动力力学进行了尝试性的研究，发现：在一定温度和振幅条件下，相分离的发生强烈的依赖于振动频率，只有中等频率的振动剪切才能有效地促进相分离的发生；在都能使相分离发生的前提下，一定频率的剪切能够使体系维持一定的最可几相尺寸，较高频率的剪切导致体系形成的相区尺寸较小，因而体系的弹性效应较强而应力松弛效应较弱；同时，更高频率的剪切对最可几相尺寸的强迫振动效应越强，但不会使最可几相尺寸的平均值发生改变；在一定的振幅和频率条件下，相分离的动力学过程会强烈地依赖于相位角，不同相位角对应的相分离遵循不同的动力学过程但机理一样。

But Severus escaped the hands of those that Julianus had sent to murder him and sent a letter to the praetorian guard, giving them the signal either to desert Julianus or to kill him.

赛维鲁总算逃过了尤利阿努斯派来的杀手，并写了一封信给罗马的禁卫军，向他们发出信号，要么抛弃尤利阿努斯，要么干掉他。他们立即服从了。

This text is in terms of this of " human nature ", it is under the influence of western literature human nature thought to probe into, awakening in human nature of novel works and all sorts of limitations that affectionate The school of Mandarin Duck and butterfly.

本文便是从"人性"这一角度，探讨在西方文学人性思想的影响下，清末民初鸳鸯蝴蝶派的言情、哀情小说作品在人性方面的觉醒与种种局限。