查询词典 prosecution

Therefore, the author suggests that we should establish strict system of witness which can improve the private prosecution; and apprize the victim his right of instituting private prosecution in the prosecution phases in stead of the straight transition to the private prosecution in the spying phase.

鉴此，一是要在公诉制度上建立起严格的证人制度，以带动自诉案件的进步；二是在侦查环节取消直接转自诉的方式，改为在审查起诉环节告知被害人自诉权。

For instance, the forms of prosecution were classified as public prosecution and private prosecution; charge and countercharge appeared in private prosecution; the system about qualifications of accepting and hearing a case was established; and judicatory writs were made.

在春秋战国时期，楚国和秦国的起诉制度已相当完备，如起诉形式已有了公诉与自诉之分，自诉案件中出现了本诉与反诉，司法机构受理起诉的条件也有了制度性规定，起诉与受理阶段还制作了相当规范的司法文书。

Therefore, the anthor expects that through his systematically analysis and seeking of the relevant issues about Chinese administrative public prosecution establishment may help to reform and complete the state's administrative prosecution system in order to establish Chinese administrative public prosecution system that suit for present national circumstance and adapt to the wordwide trend of administrative prosecution development.

笔者期待通过本文对我国建立行政公诉制度的有关问题进行一些较为系统的分析和探讨，能对我国行政诉讼制度的改革和完善能有所裨益，以推动早日建立适合我国国情和顺应世界行政诉讼发展潮流的行政公诉制度。

Then with statistical analysis of the range of self-incriminating cases, the results of the first instance, the judicial organization of the first instance, the surrogate and advocacy of the first instance and of the second instance, I found, in practice, the self-incriminating cases have the following characteristics: The range of self-incriminating cases is small which mainly focus on 10 imputations; no public prosecution into private prosecution; the verdicts still lie a very important position, among which are lots of guilty verdicts; intermediation is the main way in ending a case, however, the intermediation system is not normative in practice; the cases of defendants escape is increasing, as a result, the suspension of private prosecution is also increasing; the court more depend on collegial bench, and less summary procedure; the party make less use of the system of surrogate and advocacy; the methods of processing mode are flexible in the second instance, etc.

在这样的基础上，通过对自诉案件范围、一审处理结果、一审审判组织情况、一审代理辩护情况、二审审理情况的统计分析，发现实践中自诉程序有如下特点：自诉案集中在10个罪名，自诉案件的范围很小；没有公诉转自诉案件；判决在自诉案件的审理中仍然占有重要地位，其中有罪判决占大多数；调解是自诉案件结案的主要方式，但是各地调解制度在运行中都不规范也不统一；被告人逃跑的案例在某些地方有增多的趋势，中止审理的自诉案随之增加；多种因素导致法院更多的以合议庭来审理自诉案件，而较少独任审判和适用简易程序；自诉案件当事人对诉讼代理和辩护制度的利用率不高；二审自诉案件的处理方式灵活等等。

But in the countries of reserving System of Private Prosecution, Private Prosecution was only used in fewness criminal cases and we should never ignore its meaning of crime prosecution.

但是，在这些保留自诉制度的国家中，尽管自诉只适用于少数刑事案件中，它在追诉犯罪上的意义却不容忽视。

There are three kinds of private prosecution in the criminal procedure in China. The most familiar private prosecution is the second type, in which the victim can prove the peccadillo. Bus in this type of private prosecution, the victim is usually lack of redress, which leads to the judicial mistrust of the public and the appearance of the social instability.

我国自诉案件在立法上分为三类，第二类被害人有证据证明的轻微刑事案件在司法实践中占的比例很大，但却经常出现问题，导致严重危害社会的行为得不到有力追究、被害人权利不能救济，社会舆论对司法不信任，社会安定性受到侵蚀的情况出现。

Compared with the corresponding article in the 1979 criminal code, the provision of article 88 is a disadvantage for the defendant. This is also because the crimes before the entry into force of the criminal code shall be subject to prosecution under the provisions of Section 8, Chapter IV of the general provisions of this law. Namely, this provision affirms retroaction of limitations of prosecution. If an act committed by a defendant under provision article 88, that has exceeded the period of limitations of the prosecution, it may inflict criminal responsibility.

刑法第88条的规定与1979年刑法的相关条文相比，一定程度上恶化了被告人的利益，同时，由于刑法第12条对新刑法生效以前实施的犯罪行为"依照本法总则第四章第八节的规定"判断是否应当追诉，肯定了第四章第八节追诉时效的溯及力，如果被告人的行为符合第88条的规定，即使依照旧刑法，已经超过追诉时效的，也可以追究刑事责任。

A great number of private prosecution cases still need go through the three steps including investigation, prosecution and trial. Thus, the idea of justice and efficiency pursued bythe judiciary is too far from the actual practice on the light crimes in China. It is quite necessary, therefore, to absorb the rational factors in foreign criminal proceeding institutions on solving the light crime cases into the provisions on private prosecution in Chinas criminal proceeding law, and promote the application in judicial practice, and finally perfect and renovate them in the level of institution design.Establishment of reconciliation cesser secta axiom.

综上，虽然我国刑诉法及相关解释规定了8类轻微刑事案件可以自诉，但在实践中由于种种原因，真正通过自诉的途径解决的案件却微乎其微，大量的可以自诉的轻微犯罪案件仍需经过侦查、起诉、审判三道程序来终结，司法所追求的公正和效率的理念与我国现行对轻微犯罪的规制实践相去甚远，因此，在现有的法律框架内，参照我国刑事诉讼法关于自诉程序的规定，吸收国外刑事诉讼制度中解决轻微刑事案件诉讼效率的合理因素，在司法实践中加以倡导适用、在制度设计上加以完善创新是很有必要：确立和解终结诉讼原则。

By analyzing the legal policy and structure of malicious prosecution, this dissertation aims to discuss its definition, inscapes, classification, and scope of compensation etc., and probes on the criterion of malicious prosecution, looking forward to providing an alternative solution to the design of tort obligation institution of malicious prosecution in Chinese Civil Code.

本文旨在通过对恶意诉讼的法律政策和规范构造的实证分析，对其概念、构成要件、类型、赔偿范围等问题进行研究，并对恶意诉讼的判断标准这一难点进行探讨，以期为在我国民法中构建恶意诉讼侵权责任制度提供建议方案。

O ne refers to that the judgment or resolution made on the litigants is just, whil e the other means that the prosecution process is just to the part ie s concerned, or that the participants of prosecution are fairly treated in the prosecution p rocess. This paper e XP lores the approaches to social stability via judicial just ice.

司法公正本身具有两个方面的含义，具体地说一是指司法机关对诉讼当事人作出的裁决或处理结果是公正的，二是指诉讼活动的过程对有关人员来说是公正的，或者说诉讼参与人在诉讼过程所受到的对待是公正的。

I had a lovely dog named PiPi, he was one of my best friends.

我曾经有过一只小狗，它的名字叫皮皮，它很善良，它是我最忠实的朋友。

Newly ovulated mouse oocytes were cultured in the CZB medium supplemented with different concentrations of pyruvate before treated for activation or assayed for MPF activity.

我们猜测卵母细胞在不含丙酮酸的条件下老化的更快，并且卵丘细胞可能通过消耗不含葡萄糖的CZB中的丙酮酸从而促进卵母细胞老化。