查询词典 probability

The the probabilistic forecasting method of the error between the sample mean and expectation value of the random variable utilizing the central limit theory was researched, then the mathematical formula for the relation between sampling size and variance coefficient of loss of load probability was analyzed. Furthermore, the formulas for the relation between confidence intervals of variance coefficient and sampling size are deduced.

基于中心极限定理深入研究随机变量的样本均值与期望值之间误差的概率预测方法，在此基础上分析失负荷概率(loss of load probability，LOLP)指标的方差系数和样本容量之间的关系表达式，导出方差系数给定时的样本容量置信区间公式及样本容量给定时的方差系数置信区间公式。

A new multi-target filtering algorithm, termed as the Gaussian sum probability hypothesis density filter, is proposed for nonlinear non-Gaussian tracking models.

针对非线性、非高斯的跟踪模型，提出了一种新的多目标跟踪滤波算法，称为高斯和概率假设密度(Gaussian sum probability hypothesis density，GSPHD)滤波器。

Chapter 1 we introduce the risk process with positive and negative risk sums,show the background of the risk process. Chapter 2 we show the integral and differential equation of birth probability,give the Lundberg inequation that the ruin probability satisfies with martingale approach,then discuss then ruin probability of the risk process with two dependent positive and negative risk sums,study how the dependence impacts on the ruin probability. Chapter 3 we compare the concrete examples by numbers,and makes further comparison between the two results coming out of independency and dependency,with the purpose of narrating their respective impacts on the probability of ruin probability.

本文第一章引入含正、负风险和的风险模型，介绍风险过程的实际背景；第二章给出生存概率Φ所满足的积分-微分方程，利用典型鞅方法给出破产概率Ψ满足的Lundberg不等式，并且讨论两个相关正、负风险和模型的破产概率，研究相关性对破产概率的影响；第三章对具体实例给出数值比较，进一步把相关性和独立性两种情形的结果进行比较，说明对破产概率的影响。

The Generalized Kolmogorov Probability generalized the 1st Kolmogorov's axiom and allows the probability values to be within the whole open real interval of (-infinite,+infinite).

广义的柯尔莫果洛夫概率(Generalized Kolmogorov Probability)推广了柯尔莫果洛夫概率三公理的第一公理：概率可在开区间范围内取值。

A novel approach for abnormal work condition recognition of internal combustion engine valve drain by monitoring vibration is proposed based on multivariate state estimation techniques and sequential probability ratio test.

提出了一种基于多元状态估计(Multivariate State Estimation Techniques， MSET)和序贯概率比检验(Sequential Probability Ratio Test， SPRT)的内燃机气阀机构振动监测方法。

By the theoretical analysis and computer simulation,several characteristics of radar signal have been discussed,such as ambiguity graph,distance resolution,velocity resolution and low probability of intercept performance.The simulations show that the hybrid signal has a "thumbtack" ambiguity graph and a better performance for the distance resolution and the velocity resolution.

通过理论分析和计算机仿真，给出信号的模糊图、距离分辨力、速度分辨力以及低截获概率(LPI，Low Probability of Intercept)特性分析，结果表明该信号波形具有近似"图钉"型的模糊图和良好的距离及速度分辨力。

There maybe be some differences between the original assumption PDF to the new one generated by sparse data input and we suggested to using the truncated probability distribution function for modeling this situation.

针对此分布不匹配的问题，本研究首先提出使用截尾分布机率密度函数(truncated probability distribution function)的概念来近似。

According to a thorough comparison and analysis of several classical criticality indexes including Path Criticality Probability, Activity Criticality Probability, Activity 'Cruciality' Index, all these indexes have limitations and pitfalls to some degree. Therefore, Activity Compound Criticality Index is presented as a compound index of ACP and ACI, and on the basis of ACCI, Project Compound Criticality Index, a new index that reflects the criticality of a whole project or subproject is proposed.

首先，对几个经典关键性指标——线路关键概率(Path Criticality Probability， PCP)、工序关键概率(Activity Criticality Probability， ACP)和工序关键指标(Activity Cruciality Index， ACI)——进行比较研究；鉴于各自利弊，提出一个 ACP 与 ACI 的整合指标——工序复合关键指标(Activity Compound Criticality Index，ACCI)，并进一步提出了一个表征项目整体&关键&水平的新指标项目——复合关键指标(Project Compound Criticality Index， PCCI)。

Then we introduced transition probability kernel for the hidden state process and the confederated process. In the deep research, we found that some similar parameters of state transition probability, observation symbol probability and initial state probability were involved in the transition probability kernel of the confederated process. So we can complete the training of traditional HMM parameters by training the transition probability kernel of the confederated process. To our surprised, we got the consistency of transition probability kernel of the confederated process. Meanwhile, we proved the rationality and reliability of the parameters estimation equations under the classical B-W algorithm.

然后对联合过程的转移概率核展开研究，我们根据过程的取值空间的不同，引入了隐状态空间和联合过程空间上的转移概率核，研究中发现在联合空间上的转移概率核包含了在一般的隐马氏模型的参数估计中的所有类似的三组参数(转移概率，观测概率和初始概率)，因此对传统的隐马氏模型的参数训练我们可以通过联合过程的转移概率核的训练来完成，更令我们惊奇的是联合过程的转移概率核还具有一致性；同时对于Baum提出的经典的B-W算法给出的关于模型的参数重估计公式，证明了它的合理性和可靠性，即模型经过重估计后的参数能够满足给定的单观测序列在模型下发生的概率是单调递增的。

Only Ian Hackings The Emergence of Probability provides a more detailed discussion on the problem of the delay of probability theory.

只有哈金的著作 The Emergence of Probability 比较详细地讨论了概率&推迟&出现的问题。

It is also known as one of the most poisonous naturally occurring substances.

它也被称为一个最自然发生的有毒物质。

The greatest stress is found at the location on the cross section where V is the largest.

最大应力出现在横截面上V为最大的地方。