查询词典 probability element

It is proved that if the optimal solution tree has an inter-node, the necessary and sufficient condition that tree structure GAs are solution foundable is that the initial population contains an inter-node; the upper limit of solution foundable probability is also calculated and the population size is proved to increase at most in a polynomial of increasing problem complexity and the probability upper limit.

本文接着给出了当初始群体随机产生，只有杂交算符作用或只有复制与杂交算符作用的遗传算法有解的充要条件，并加以证明；而且求出了这时有解的概率上限，并证明群体大小的增加不超过问题复杂性和有解概率上限的某个多项式。

An inductive learning method for classification based on information theory is proposed, which is a maximum contribution classification method according to the theory of channel transmission in information theory, the definition contribution is developed based on probability distribution of classified space, probability transfer matrices of classified space and feature space and mutual information, then entities is classified by the maximum contribution method.

提出了一种基于信息论的归纳分类学习算法－最大贡献分类算法。该算法根据信息论中信道传输的理论，把类别空间和各特征空间的概率转移矩阵以及互信息结合起来，定义了贡献的概念，从而得出了对给定的观测值，用它的最大贡献作为对实体进行分类的规则。

I present cluster schema for combinatorial problem with clustering, design a new crossover operator cluster crossover, study the survival probability of c-schema under c-crossover, apply it successfully to graph coloring, load balancing and maximum spanning tree problems: give measurements of diversity in GA, set up varying crossover probability algorithms to maintain diversity, obtain good results when apply it in avoiding premature convergence and multi-modal functions optimization; establish GAC to be suitable for non stationary function, it can explore the change of environment and find the best solution even for some"anomalous"function.

针对聚类组合优化问题提出了聚类模式，设计了一种新的交换操作：聚类交换并研究了聚类模式在聚类交换操作下的生存可能性，成功的将聚类交换思想和算子应用于图着色、负载平衡和最大生成树问题，佐证了类理论，表明类理论可以指导新的应用算法设计；给出了GA中多样性的度量标准和维护多样性的动态交换概率算法，用于避免过早收敛和多峰函数优化，取得了较好的结果；构造了维持种群多样性以适应动态环境的方法GAC，在某些现有方法无能为力的问题上，GAC能够探测到环境变化，找到当前最优解。

Students will learn Descriptive Statistics, Probability and Random Variables, Probability Distributions, Sampling and Sampling Distributions, Statistical Estimations, and Hypothesis Testing in Statistics.

同学们将在统计学中学习叙述统计量的意义与计算、机率与随机变数、机率分配、抽样与抽样分配、统计估计、假说检定等基础统计方法。

The contents include:(1) Descriptive statistics;(2) Probability and probability distributions;(3) Statistical inference - estimation and hypothesis testing;(4) Nonparametric methods;(5) Analysis of variance;(6) Regression analysis.

讲授内容包括：叙述统计；机率、机率分配─统计推论的基础；推论统计─估计和检定；无母数分析；变异数分析；回归分析。

Secondly, the properties of output sequences of stop-and-go clocked combiners are discussed. It is proved that the output sequences are stationary and obey strong law of large numbers and central limit theorem. Using the probabilistic model properly built, we analyze the rate of coincidence between the output sequences of two kinds of generators with basic operations and corresponding LFSRs sequences. All the computational formulae are derived. A recursive algorithm for efficiently computing the poster probability of partial input strings and corresponding joint probability is introduced. Moreover, divide-and-conquer attacks on this kind of generators which reconstruct the initial states of the input stop-and-go generators individually are proposed.

其次，分析了一般钟控停走组合生成器输出序列的概率分布性质，证明了生成器的输出序列是严平稳的，且服从强大数定律和中心极限定理；考察了钟控加法型组合生成器和钟控乘法型组合生成器的输出序列和相应的常规钟控下线性移位寄存器序列之间的符合率，给出了符合率的具体计算公式；给出了组合器输出序列段和输入序列段之间的联合分布以及部分输入序列段的后验概率的有效递归算法，进一步提出了利用后验概率对钟控组合生成器进行分别征服相关攻击的方法。

Support theory is a nonextensional theory of subjective probability judgment, which has several arguments:(1) subjective probability is influenced by description, which has description-dependence.

支持理论是一个关于主观概率判断的非外延性理论，它有以下几个主要观点：1。主观概率判断受到描述的影响，具有描述的依赖性；2。

The subjects subjective probability of judgment /decision-making confidence is significantly higher than environmental objective probability, which shows overconfidence.

2总体而言，随着环境客观概率的提高，个体自信心的主观概率也随之提高；自信心的主观概率显著高于环境客观概率，表现出过分自信。

As a transform of natural reasoning, subjective probability estimate, as long as heuristic become the new study point of heuristic probability estimate.

启发式概率估计的研究范式能够将启发式理论假设与概率估计的可量化特点结合起来，可以更好地以实验的方法探索启发式推理的内部机制。

It introduces the way for knowledge expression in subjective probability terms and makes a further discussion on the significance and methods of horizontal dimensionality and vertical dimensionality of organization knowledge in subjective probability terms.

提出基于心理学的知识定义，分析知识的信念特征；给出基于主观概率表征知识的方法；深入探讨基于主观概率的组织知识的纵向维度分析和横向维度分析的意义及其表征方法。

I hope that this success is just the first in a long series.

我希望这只是成功的开始。

Three dimensional stresses on the interface of tire and soil, tire deflection and soil sinkage are measured.

测试轮胎——沙土界面上的三向应力、轮胎变形和沙土沉陷；建立考虑剪切应力对沙土承载特性产生影响的车轮牵引性能预测模型；分析车轮作用下土壤的纵向稳定性。