查询词典 phylogenetic development

Canis lupus chanco ; mtDNA ; Molecular phylogenetic tree ; Subspecies

中国狼；线粒体DNA ；分子系统树；亚种

Phylogenetic analysis on Antarctic Chlamydomonas The unique biology properties of Antarctic algae come from the extreme environment of South Pole.

南极冰藻分子系统学研究严酷的极地环境造就了生活在这种极端海冰环境中的南极冰藻独特的生物学特性。

The aim is to infer the phylogenetic relationships of Galerucella and outgroup Phaedon brassicae Baly beetle species (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) and to discuss the relation between the evolution of Galerucella and host plant.

本文目的是通过对小萤叶甲属部分种类的线粒体COⅠ基因进行比较，探讨小萤叶甲属昆虫进化与寄主植物之间的关系，同时对几种分类地位模糊的昆虫进行分析和归类。

Phylogenetic analysis and relative-rate test of 9 Clupeidae fishes were performed using thecytochromeb gene sequence data.

对鲱科9种鱼类的线粒体细胞色素b基因序列进行综合分析。

The molecular phylogenetic trees showed that the Coliadinae is not monophyletic, but the genus Catopsilia and Colias of this subfamily are grouped together with strong support in both of the NJ and bayesian trees.

分子系统树显示：黄粉蝶亚科不是单系群，但其中迁粉蝶属和豆粉蝶属在不同的分析方法中均聚合在一起。

Collembola, Protura and Diplura are not only important groups of the soil animal biodiversity, but also one of the key groups in studying the evolution arthropod, because their phylogenetic position are critical to the understanding of the evloution of insect orders.

跳虫、原尾虫和双尾虫不仅是土壤动物多样性研究的重要类群，又是节肢动物低等类群向陆生有翅昆虫演化的中间环节，是节肢动物进化研究中的关键类群之一。

The origin and phylogenetic position and inner relationships of Collembola constitute the controversial focuses. The solution of these questions is one of the key points to resolve the higher-level phylogeny of arthropod , particularly hexapod relationships.

跳虫的起源、分类地位和系统关系等问题，对于阐明六足动物甚至节肢动物各大类群的系统关系非常关键，日益成为相关学者关注和争论的焦点。

The phylogenetic trees supported that Eriocaulaceae be treated as Eriocaulales because this family always been a nature independent group connected with other families. Eriocaulaceae grouped with Commelinaceae, which supported the close relationship and parallel evolution between the two families. Juncaceae was not close to Eriocaulaceae and more primitive. The relationship between Juncaceae and Cyperaceae was closer than that between Juncaceae and Poaceae. Among these families, Poaceae was the most primitive family and far from Eriocaulaceae. Also in Eriocaulaceae, Eriocaulon was supported to be more primitive.

从构建的系统发育树可以得到：①谷精草科独立形成一个植物类群，支持谷精草科独立成为谷精草目；②谷精草科与鸭跖草科聚成一个大的类群，说明两科的亲缘关系较近，并且表现为平行进化；③灯心草科不近缘于谷精草科，与禾本科相比，灯芯草科与莎草科之间存在更近的亲缘关系；④在进化程度上，灯心草科比谷精草科原始；禾本科与谷精草科的亲缘关系最远，并且在这几个科中处于最原始的进化地位；⑤系统树还支持谷精草科内部的系统关系，支持谷精草属在谷精草科中的原始系统位置。

Reduction of ovule number as a tendency of speciation in the genus is substantiated by the occurrence of tri_ovulate cones coupled with comprehensive characters of the genus. The metamorphic patterns as well as the leaf nature of the outer envelope indicate that female cones of Ephedra are compound while the female reproductive units of the ovulate cone have been reduced from secondary reproductive shoots similar to those of cordaites by phylogenetic transformation, fusion and reduction. Each fertile bract together with its axillary female reproductive unit composed the Bract Scale and Seed Scale Complex of Ephedra .

基于返祖性畸形三胚珠球花的出现及其他形态特征，认为麻黄属胚珠数目减少是该属内物种特化的一个趋势；利用雌球花发育的畸形现象及外珠被的形态学本质提出麻黄属的雌球果为复轴性构造，雌性生殖单位是由类似于科达类的次级生殖枝构造经系统发育变态、融合、简化成现存的生胚珠构造式样，每一可育苞片及其腋内雌性生殖单位共同组成了麻黄属的苞鳞_种鳞复合体。

The nucleotide composition and the phylogenetic relationship among 14 species in Coreidae based on 412bp sequences of Cyt b gene were studied. The results showed: the average contents of T, C, A and G were 34.2 %、11.4 %、35.7 % and 18.7 %, respectively; The content of A+T (69.9 %) was obviously higher than that of G+C (30.1 %), and come up to 82.8% at the third position of codon.

以线粒体细胞色素b基因作为分子标记，首次对缘蝽科4亚科14种昆虫进行序列测定，获得Cytb基因412bp的序列片段，该片段中碱基T、C、A、G的平均含量分别为34.2%、11.4%、35.7 %和18.7 %，A+T平均含量为69.9 %，明显高于G+C含量（30.1 %）。

A historical region of southwest France between the Pyrenees and the Garonne River. The duchy of Aquitaine was joined with France after the marriage of Eleanor of Aquitaine to King Louis VII in1137, but its possession was disputed after her subsequent marriage to Henry II of England.

阿基坦法国西南部一个历史地区，位于比利牛斯山和加隆河之间，在1137年阿基坦的埃莉诺与国王路易斯七世结婚之后阿基坦公国加入法国，但当她再嫁英国亨利二世后，其归属权便受到争议

There are moments when I look at the smiling , happy faces of my expectant staff and wonder how they will cope when confronted by an outraged housemaster along with an unrepentant and recalcitrant bleached blond teenager in 18 years ' time .

有时候，我看着那些满怀期待的员工微笑，幸福的脸，想着当他们遇到一位愤怒的宿舍管理员和一位不知悔改，叛逆，而且将头发染成白色的18岁少年时，他们会如何处理。