查询词典 palea

The morphogenesis of floral organs in both srg mutant and wild-type rice Dular (Oryza sativa L.) was observed using the scanning electron microscope. The results showed that the floral primordia were differentiated under irregular pattern in srg mutant. After regular formation of lemma and palea primordia, the floral primordium of srg formed lodicule primordia inner to both lemma and palea, followed by the formation of stamens and carpel. Alternatively, floral primordia in srg were split to form two or more floral primordia. The number and position of stamens and carpels primordia were malformed.

利用扫描电子显微镜观察野生型水稻和裂颖水稻的颖花原基分化情况，结果发现，突变体水稻的幼穗在形成内、外稃原基后，有些颖花在形成浆片后并不是直接发育形成雄蕊原基，而是在外稃或内稃原基内侧又分化出浆片原基；有些颖花原基从中间缢裂，缢裂的颖花原基又分别形成类稃片的结构，颖花发育后期，6枚雄蕊发育畸形，并且观察到不同数目的雄蕊。

Spikelets with 1 floret (very rarely 2), rachilla disarticulating above glumes, with penicillate extension lying against the palea; glumes subequal, usually slightly longer than the floret, rarely slightly shorter, membranous, 1–3-veined, apex acute or acuminate; floret callus bearded, hairs usually 1/3 as long up to about equaling floret; lemma thinly to firmly membranous,(3–)5-veined, dorsally awned or awnless, apex erose, denticulate or 2–4-toothed; awn geniculate or straight, its position varying from near base to near apex, usually inconspicuous, up to twice length of lemma but occasionally reduced to a subapical mucro or absent; palea 2/3 as long to subequaling lemma.

小穗具1小花(极少2)，高于颖片，具具毛撮的扩展对内稃躺脱节的小穗轴；通常，近等长的颖片稍长于那些小花，很少稍短，膜质，脉，先端锐尖或渐尖；作为长的可达的通常的公然反对的小花结茧，头发1/3大约等于小花；稀疏外稃到坚定膜，(3-)5－脉，背具芒或者啮蚀状的顶，或者2-4齿状的具小齿，awnless；芒膝曲或者直，作为近相等外稃的长时期的内稃2/3。

Spikelets laterally compressed, florets several, all bisexual or lowest sterile and without a palea; rachilla glabrous, disarticulating above glumes and sterile floret and between fertile florets; glumes lanceolate, shorter than lemmas, subequal or unequal, scarious-membranous, 1–3-veined, obtuse to acuminate or aristulate; lemmas ovate-lanceolate, scarious-membranous, 3-veined, long-ciliate on lateral veins, keeled, apex setaceously bidentate with a short, often recurved awn from the sinus; palea shorter than lemma, hyaline, keels very shortly ciliate.

小穗侧面压扁，小花数个，全部不育和没有一内稃的最低的两性的或；高于颖片和不结果的小花无毛，脱节的小穗轴和在肥沃的小花之间；披针形的颖片，短于外稃，近等长或不等长，干膜质膜质，1-3脉，具小芒的钝到渐尖或；卵状披针形，干膜质的外稃膜质，3脉，具长缘毛在侧脉上，龙骨状，先端setaceously具双齿具短，通常下弯从那里那些凹缺；内稃短于外稃，透明，龙骨非常短的纤毛。

Spikelets with 1 floret (to 3 in Duthiea ), terete or laterally compressed, disarticulating above glumes; rachilla extension usually absent (present in Stephanachne , Sinochasea , and Duthiea ); glumes equaling or longer than floret, persistent, hyaline to membranous, 1–7-veined; floret callus obtuse to pungent; lemma rounded on back, membranous to leathery, firmer than glumes, often indurated at maturity, 3–9-veined, often enclosing palea, apex entire or 2-toothed, awned from apex or between teeth; awn straight or geniculate, glabrous, pubescent or plumose; palea subequal to lemma, hyaline to membranous, usually 2-veined (5–7-veined in Psammochloa ) but not keeled, apex usually acute.

小穗具1小花(对3在Duthiea里)，圆柱状的或侧面压扁，高于颖片脱节；小穗轴扩展通常无(在Stephanachne，Sinochasea 和Duthiea里提出)；颖片等长或更长于小花，宿存，到膜质，1-7脉；对刺激愚蠢的小花结茧；外稃在后面上绕行，膜质到革质，比颖片坚定，芒直或者膝曲，无毛，青春期或者羽状；内稃近等长于外稃，透明的到膜质，通常2脉的(在Psammochloa里的5-7脉)但不是翻转，先端通常厉害。

Therefore it is interesting to clone genes related to lemma and palea. In this thesis, six genes from the lemma/palea related gene pool which is established by Liu (2003) were further studied. Those genes are salT gene (salt-induced protein), GA-SPY gene (gibberellin action negative regulator SPY-related protein), U2AF gene (U2 snRNP auxiliary factor, small subunit-related protein), kinesin-like gene, DnaJ-like gene, and EF hand gene. At first, the gene expression in leaves and 1~4 cm inflorescences of normal lemma/palea, smaller lemma/palea, and stunted lemma/palea was compared by Real Time RT-PCR.

从刘(2003)所建立水稻颖花发育相关候选基因库中，挑选6个基因：salT基因(salt-induced protein)、GA-SPY基因(gibberellin action negative regulator SPY-related protein)、U2AF基因(U2 snRNP auxiliary factor，small subunit-related protein)、kinesin-like基因、DnaJ-like基因、及EF hand基因，以水稻正常型颖花、小颖花突变体及内外颖退化突变体之叶片及1~4公分幼花序为材料，利用Real-Time RT-PCR分析，发现salT基因在突变体幼花序中大量表现。

Spikelets 1–1.2 mm, florets 2; glumes boat-shaped, keeled, scabrous on vein, ca. 1 mm; lower glume subacute; upper glume truncate, awn 0.3–0.5 mm; lemma of fertile floret broadly boat-shaped, ca. 1.2 mm, leathery, pilose along keel and incurving margins; palea obovate, narrower than lemma, keels scabrous; upper lemma much reduced, cuneate, lying within concave back of palea of fertile floret.

小穗1-1.2毫米，小花2；颖片舟状，龙骨状，粗糙的在脉上，约1毫米；更低的颖片近尖；上面颖片截形，芒0.3-0.5毫米；宽舟状的肥沃的小花的外稃，大约1.2毫米，沿着龙骨和incurving 边似皮革，具柔毛；倒卵形，狭窄比外稃，粗糙的龙骨的内稃；上面外稃非常退化，楔形，躺在内凹在内稃的能育小花后面。

Recently, however, archaeologists discovered such a"Palean" basket in Lithos, an ancient village across the Brim River from , f1 m T#~ F$ X- a

然而最近，考古学家在一个与Palea隔着一条叫做Brim河的村庄Lithos发现了一个这样的Palea篮子。

Palean people. Recently, however, archaeologists discovered such a"Palean" basket in Lithos, an ancient village across the Brim River fromPalea.

一种具有独特花纹的编织篮子以前只在史前村庄Palea的临近地区发现过，因而被认为是Palea居民所独有的。

Palean people. Recently, however, archaeologists discovered such a"Palean" basket in Lithos, an ancient village across the Brim River fromPalea.

一种具有独特花纹的编织篮子以前只在史前村庄Palea的临近地区发现过，因而被认为是Palea居所独有的。

Palea to 2.7 cm, involute, papery, many veined, apex bifid; lodicules absent.

Palea 给2.7厘米，纷乱，似纸，很多脉，2裂的顶；鳞被无。

If you are unfortunate enough to the lovelorn, please tell me, I will help you out, really, please contact me!

如果你不幸失恋了，请告诉我，我会帮助你摆脱困境，真的，请联系我啦！

China's plan to cut energy intensity by 20 percent and pollutant discharges by 10 percent between 2006 and 2010 is a case in point.

中国计划在2006年到2010间降低20%的能源强度和减少10%的主要污染物排放，就是一个这样的例子。