查询词典 object distance

In this paper, the theory, algorithm, and experiment of automatic object detection and tracking are studied in depth. It is firstly pointed out that the essential of Mean Shift method is a special Newton-Gaussian method. A new method named Fast Mean Shift is established to stretch the conservative step of Mean Shift method. The convergence and validity of this new method are proved in theory. And it is also proved that the convergence speed of Fast Mean Shift is faster than that of Mean Shift. The contrast experiments of searching the maximum possibility density of random of data sets in plane and 3D space are done. The results show that this new method can reduce the iterations greatly. A new object tracking method based on Fast Mean Shift is built to improve the object tracking performance, which is shown in the face tracking experiment with the tennis sequence provided by the Ohio State University, and the car tracking experiment with the car sequence provided by Kalsruhe University. The face trcking experiment with highly noised images show that the object tracking method based on Fast Mean Shift has strong anti-jamming ability. A new fast color object detection technology based on characteristic color is established, which use characteristic color distribution to compute the characteristic color vector of any area in an image quickly. With the high performance search method, the fast object detection is achieved. At last, using object tracker based on Fast Mean Shift and color object detector based on characteristic color with the Kalman filter, PID controller, searial communication and other technologies, automatic object detection and tracking system with control system is built. The availability and anti-jamming ability of this system are verified by some object detection and tracking tests in different scenes.

本文对目标自动识别与跟踪进行了理论、计算、试验三方面的深入研究，主要包括：首次指出了目标跟踪技术中常用的均值迁移方法的本质为一种特殊的高斯-牛顿方法，改进了均值迁移方法步长取值保守的弱点，建立了快速均值迁移方法，证明了该方法的收敛性、有效性以及收敛速度优于均值迁移方法；进行了平面和3维随机分布数据集的最大概率密度搜索对比试验，试验结果表明，快速均值迁移方法大大减少了迭代次数；建立了基于快速均值迁移的目标跟踪方法，利用俄亥俄州立大学提供的乒乓球序列图像和卡斯鲁厄大学的汽车序列图像，对人脸和汽车目标跟踪性能分别进行了对比试验，并进行了高噪声人脸图像目标跟踪试验，结果表明，基于快速均值迁移的目标跟踪方法有效提高了目标跟踪性能，具有很强的抗干扰能力；建立了一种新型彩色目标自动识别方法，采用特征色彩分布函数实现了对任意图像区域特征色彩矢量的快速计算，建立了高效的搜索方法，实现了彩色目标的快速识别；将基于快速均值迁移方法的目标跟踪方法、基于特征色彩的目标识别方法与卡尔曼滤波、PID控制、串行通讯等技术结合，建立了带有控制系统的快速目标自动识别与跟踪系统，并在不同场景下进行了目标自动识别与跟踪试验，验证了快速目标自动识别与跟踪系统的有效性和抗干扰能力。

1St, a small object (foil, slip of paper, paper and metal mix paper,), is hanging with the fine lace in airborne, uses separately the bamboo ware, the plank, the metal, the high pressure insulation material, the slip of paper, the soil block, the stone prime big object go to be hanging close when the airborne small object, discovered that the small object by the big object attraction, the object quality is been bigger, distance nearer attraction to be bigger, namely attraction function.

2.1.1、将一小物体（薄金属片、纸片、纸和金属混合纸、），用细线悬挂在空中，分别用竹制品、木板、金属、高压绝缘材料、纸片、土块、石头等大物体去接近悬挂在空中的小物体时，发现小物体被大物体吸引，物体质量越大、距离越近吸引力越大，即引力的作用。

By measuring missile movement inertia with torsion pendulum, the influences of periodic measurement error, systemic damp, period of swing object and corporative period of t he measured object and swinging object were analyzed. The relation among measurement error of movement inertia, measureme nt period, the period of swing object,corporaˉ tive period of tested object and swing object was proved. The maxi mal ratio between movement inertia for swinging obˉ ject and the measured object under conditions of different errors w as given under typical measurement precision.

通过扭摆测量导弹转动惯量的方法，分析了周期测量误差、系统阻尼、摆动体周期以及被测件和摆动体共摆周期对转动惯量测量精度的影响，得出转动惯量测量误差和周期测量误差、摆动体摆动周期、被测件和摆动体共摆周期之间的关系，给出了在典型的测量精度要求，不同的周期测量误差情况下，摆动体转动惯量和被测件转动惯量之间的最大比值。

Isomap is one of the representative techniques of nonlinear dimensionality reduction.It extends classical multidimensional scaling by considering approximate geodesic distance. However,Isomap is sensitive to noise because the approximate geodesic distance is constructed on the basis of Euclidean distance. In this paper,a kernel-induced distance metric defined in the feature space is introduced instead of the Euclidean distance to evaluate the geodesic distance and construct the corresponding neighborhood graph.

采用核方法在特征空间推导出一类异于欧氏距离的新度量，代替等度规特征映射中的对噪声敏感的欧式距离，用新度量构造测地距离和相应的最小近邻图，提高Isomap算法的抗噪声能力。

Apparently, the results is determined extremely by theoretical algorithm. In 147 zinc-finger-containing genes, 50nt identity sequences were extracted. The results hint that 15 genes may related to block evolution. we analyzed the phylogenetic map of these 15 genes by uncorrected distance, Jukes Cantor distance, Tamura distance, Tajima-Nei distance, Jin-Nei distance or Kimura distance correction, but we found no satisfied result according to the block exchange pattern mentioned before. Introducing Bootstrap test to assistant correction, an comparatively perfect map was drown by Neighbor Joining method.

以147个含锌指基因为模板，我们搜索了其中的50nt一致序列作为板块式进化的核心，获得15个相关基因，应用无校正距离、Jukes Cantor校正距离、Tamura校正距离、Tajima-Nei校正距离、Jin-Nei校正距离和Kimura校正距离等分析了他们之间的进化关系，结果与已知的板块交换模式吻合度较差，引入靴带检验对Jukes Cantor校正距离结果进行统计学校正，并重新用Neighbor Joining方法绘制进化图，结果可靠性大大提高。

However, after I came to understand distance education more deeply, I find that network distance continuation education has many advantages. Firstly, it breaks through the limitation of time and distance. It enables the students all over the country to get instructed from those top level teachers, take the most advanced teaching method, and enjoy richer education information resource. Secondly, it profits in extending the teaching scope, providing more education chances and more flexible way of learning, which make it possible to let more people accept education. Thirdly, the modern network distance continuation, which is based on information, offers a good space-time platform for a lifelong learning. At last, the modern network distance continuation makes students to focus on self study, which help them to fully develop their proactivity, intuitivity and creativity. For the four reasons mentioned above, finally, I chose network distance continuation education as the way of my further education.

但是，经过深入了解之后，发现远程网络继续教育是有很多的优势的，第一，它可以突破时空的限制，使全国各地的学生都能接受一流水平教师的教导，接受最先进的教学方法，享有更丰富的教学信息资源；第二，有利于扩大教学规模，提供更多的学习机会和更灵活的学习方式，使更多的人可以接受教育；第三，以基于信息技术的现代远程网络继续教育，为终生学习的实现提供了时空平台，为人们提供更多开展的实施终身学习的机会；第四，现代远程网络继续教育以学习者自学为主，充分发挥学习者自主学习的主动性、积极性及创造性，综合以上四点，我最终选择远程网络继续教育作为我继续学习的途径。

Firstly, This paper processes geometry filtration based on character of orbit's apogee and perigee after orbit model is analyzed and based. Secondly Space Debris is separated into two kinds, coplanar and not coplanar according as location interrelation of target and debris. In Dynamic filtration's processing, considering prediction time limit and orbit perturbation, secular effects which have increaser effect is considered so that some need catching danger time point is appeased, some law about time when target and debris pass intersectant line each other is inferred, when debris and object are in different plane and some similar law also is inferred otherwise. The time list is arithmetical progression. These laws can improve calculation efficiency remarkably; Lastly orbit predict is a course approaching least distance. Danger time point in the last step become beginning time point from which debris and object's position and velocity are calculated by SXP4 Model which is an analytic model.By result, determine that relative movement trend is closer or apart, farther calculate the interval apart from time when predictive least relative distance occurs. Least relative distance and time when least distance occurs is calculated finally. It is a fast approach course adopting varied interval.

本文在分析、建立轨道摄动计算模型的基础上，首先采用基于轨道远、近地点特征对大量编目在册的空间碎片进行初步几何静态筛选，然后根据碎片与目标轨道面的相对位置特点把碎片分为异面与准共面两种情况以进行动态筛选，在筛选过程中考虑到预报时限长度和轨道摄动影响，引入了轨道摄动中具有积累效应的长期项以满足危险时间点的捕捉要求，利用了长期项摄动变化线性的特点导出了碎片与目标异面情况下各自过交线的时间序列成准等差数列的规律性和准共面情况下类似的规律性，从而显著地提高了前期轨道筛选的计算效率；最后对剩余危险碎片和目标飞行器利用SXP4轨道预报模型在前期轨道筛选的基础上以各个危险探测时间点为预报的时间起点，并根据预报计算结果，分析目标和碎片在该时间点的运动趋势是相互远离还是相互接近，推出预计最小相对距离发生时刻相对此刻的时间长度，得到其随时间变化的局部最小相对距离以及危险距离发生的时刻和相对速度，这是一个采用变时间步长、快速逼近最小相对距离的过程。

Firstly, a signalized point is stuck on a moving object to be tested, a microphone array and two video cameras are arranged, and the video cameras are demarcated to obtain a projection matrix; sound pressure signals of a sound source in the moving object to be tested are obtained by the microphone in an array mode, the dynamic video of the moving object to be tested is obtained and disassembled into an image by the video cameras; the signalized point on the moving object to be tested is identified in the video image and the matched signalized point is treated with three-dimension reconstruction to obtain the spatial location of the moving object to be tested; the sound pressure signals are treated with beam forming treatment to obtain a sound field characteristic function scattergram of the moving object to be tested, the video image is treated with spatial coordinate superposition frame by frame and restored into a dynamic video image.

首先在被测运动物体粘贴标志点，布置传声器阵列和两台摄像机，对摄像机进行标定，得到投影矩阵；传声器阵列获取被测运动物体中声源的声压信号，摄像机获取被测运动物体的动态视频，将动态视频拆解成图像；在视频图像中识别出被测运动物体上的标志点，对匹配后的标志点进行三维重构，获取被测运动物体的空间位置；对声压信号进行波束成型处理，得到被测运动物体的声场特征函数分布图，将其视频图像进行逐帧空间坐标叠加，并还原成动态视频图像。

If the specifier is not a reference, then the catch object is a copy of the exception object. If the catch object in an object of the base type and the exception object has derived type, then the exception object is sliced down ( Section 15.3.1, p. 577) to its base-class subobject.

如果异常说明符不是引用，则 catch 对象是异常对象的副本，如果 catch 对象是基类类型对象而异常对象是派生类型的，就将异常对象分割（第 15.3.1 节）为它的基类子对象。

Five class objects of geodetic data are determined. They are spatial datum object, point object, network object, intersection object and collection object. The object-oriented geodetic data model is established in the paper.

确定了5种大地测量数据的对象类，即空间基准对象、点对象、网对象、关联对象和集合对象，并以此建立了大地测量数据的对象模型。

I hope that this success is just the first in a long series.

我希望这只是成功的开始。

Three dimensional stresses on the interface of tire and soil, tire deflection and soil sinkage are measured.

测试轮胎——沙土界面上的三向应力、轮胎变形和沙土沉陷；建立考虑剪切应力对沙土承载特性产生影响的车轮牵引性能预测模型；分析车轮作用下土壤的纵向稳定性。